British Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Did the COVID-19 pandemic impact on time trends in self-poisoning in youth? A sex-specific national register-based interrupted time-series analysis in Sweden.","authors":"Katelyn Battista, Cecilia Magnusson, Nicola Orsini, Michael Lundberg, Anna Ohlis, Gergö Hadlaczky, Lucie Laflamme","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacted trends of self-poisoning in young boys and girls in Sweden, and whether impacts differed by sociodemographic and psychiatric health factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used an interrupted time series analysis of a register-based national cohort to assess the sex-specific associations between the COVID-19 pandemic and monthly rate of hospitalization for intentional self-poisoning. Individual-level data were collected from a rolling cohort of Swedish young people ages 10-19 between 2005 and 2021 (approximately 1.13 million individuals per year). Separate models were run to examine differential associations among girls by age group, socioeconomic position, and prior anxiety or depression diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17,151 cases of self-poisoning were observed across the study period, 78.4% among girls. The association between the pandemic and self-poisoning was sex-specific. An annualized increase of 19% per year (95% CI: 5%-35%) between March 2020 and December 2021 occurred among girls, corresponding to a reversal of a declining pre-pandemic trend (p = .0002). No significant change in level or trend occurred for boys. Increases among girls were higher among ages 10-14 and were observed regardless of socioeconomic position or prior psychiatric diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Sweden, despite a less restrictive public health response, the COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by a substantial increase in rates of self-poisoning and a reversal of previously declining trends among young girls, exacerbating long-standing gender gaps. This underscores the need for enhanced preparedness to deal with indirect effects of future health crises on this dangerous expression of mental distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in obsessive-compulsive symptom profiles in response to exposure and response prevention.","authors":"Seung Yun Baek, Hyunsik Kim, Michael G Wheaton, Jeremy Tyler, Edna Foa, Helen Blair Simpson","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) is a first-line psychological treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet treatment response varies across individuals. Given the substantial heterogeneity in OCD symptom presentations, examining changes in obsessive-compulsive (O-C) symptom profiles, rather than overall symptom severity, may clarify why patients respond differently to treatment. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify O-C symptom profile classes across treatment and to characterize transitions between classes during EX/RP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 152 patients with OCD from two clinical trials that delivered 17 twice-weekly EX/RP sessions over 8 weeks, with assessments conducted at baseline, midpoint and post-treatment. Latent profile analysis was used to identify O-C symptom profiles at each time point, followed by latent transition analysis to examine how individuals transitioned between profile classes over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct O-C profiles were identified at each time point, reflecting varying severity across Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised dimensions. Most patients maintained stable profiles with reduced overall symptom severity across treatment, supporting EX/RP's effectiveness. However, some profiles-particularly those characterized by elevated neutralizing symptoms-showed more variable transitions. A novel profile emerged at midpoint, with lower baseline avoidance predicting the membership.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that meaningful clinical information is gained by monitoring changes in O-C symptom profiles alongside overall severity during EX/RP. In particular, elevated neutralizing symptoms may signal a more variable response, whereas hoarding elevations may warrant early identification and proactive planning for targeted strategies beyond standard EX/RP. Incorporating profile-based monitoring into clinical practice may help clinicians more precisely tailor EX/RP to maximize therapeutic benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of targeting sleep in the prevention and treatment of psychological disorders.","authors":"Aliza Werner-Seidler, Faith Orchard","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beliefs related to diagnosing borderline personality disorder and complex post-traumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Bailey Pascuzzi, Jared Keeley","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There has been speculation that Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) are the same disorder or represent separate disorders on a broader trauma spectrum. BPD and cPTSD share several symptoms but differ in their presentation. Because the two disorders present so similarly, it could be that clinicians have difficulty differentiating them, leading to misdiagnosis. BPD is a commonly stigmatized condition, and stigma can be a source of diagnostic error, contributing to misdiagnosis. This study examined clinicians' diagnostic decision-making and stigma towards BPD and Complex PTSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 426) completed an online survey where they diagnosed a written case vignette and completed measures of their familiarity with each disorder, stigma and symptom importance for their diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that clinicians were significantly less familiar with BPD than with cPTSD; however, only familiarity with cPTSD predicted diagnostic decisions. Higher familiarity with BPD was associated with lower stigma towards BPD, whereas familiarity with cPTSD predicted lower stigma for both disorders. Stigma levels were significantly higher for BPD than for cPTSD, but only stigma towards cPTSD predicted diagnosis. Symptom ranking strongly influenced diagnosis, with clinicians more likely to assign a diagnosis based on symptoms they associated with BPD or cPTSD. BPD stigma influenced rankings of BPD symptoms, whereas cPTSD stigma affected rankings across all symptom categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that familiarity and stigma play crucial roles in shaping diagnostic decisions and highlight the need for improved clinician training to mitigate biases and enhance diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective factors in the psychotherapy of religious obsessive-compulsive disorder: A qualitative study.","authors":"Taha Burak Toprak","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Religious obsessive-compulsive disorder (religious OCD; scrupulosity) presents unique challenges in psychotherapy due to the interaction between religious beliefs and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Understanding how individuals benefit from psychotherapy in this context can inform more effective and culturally sensitive treatment approaches.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to explore the factors that make psychotherapy effective for individuals experiencing religious obsessions and compulsions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A qualitative design based on a phenomenological approach was employed. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants diagnosed with religious OCD. The collected data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify the core themes that contribute to therapeutic benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed several dimensions that enhanced the therapeutic process. The therapist's competence in religious knowledge and ability to apply this knowledge meaningfully contributed to treatment effectiveness. Participants emphasized that the therapist's religiosity fostered trust and a sense of being understood. Additionally, evidence-based psychotherapeutic methods, such as normalization and psychoeducation, added value to the process. A key finding was that an integrative approach combining religious and scientific psychotherapy knowledge substantially improved outcomes. The therapist's non-judgemental, empathetic and sincere attitude further facilitated clients' sense of safety and engagement in therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Effective psychotherapy for religious OCD requires a holistic approach that integrates religious sensitivity with evidence-based therapeutic skills. Such integration plays a crucial role in enhancing client trust, understanding and overall recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effectiveness of group psychotherapy incorporating cognitive and goal management training in substance use disorder patients under deferred prosecution.","authors":"Po-Chih Liu, Jui-Chien Huang, Kao Chin Chen, Rwei-Ling Yu","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured group psychotherapy program integrating cognitive training (CT) and goal management training (GMT) across neuropsychological, coping and behavioural levels in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) under deferred prosecution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing a pre-post design, this study analysed data from 35 patients under deferred prosecution who were enrolled in a compulsory addiction treatment programme consisting of 10-session group psychotherapy incorporating CT and GMT. Patients were primarily addicted to heroin, methamphetamine or cannabis. Neuropsychological assessments were conducted before and after the intervention, including the Stroop Colour-Word Test (SCWT) to assess inhibition, the Tower of London-DX (ToL-DX) to assess planning and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to assess cognitive flexibility. Additionally, participants completed the Daily Executive Behaviours Scale and substance use was tracked via urine tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in the SCWT colour-word score (t = -2.78, p = .009, r_t = 0.43), ToL-DX execution time (t = 2.40, p = .02, r_t = 0.38) and rule violation metrics (Z = -3.34, p < .001, r_z = 0.57), as well as WCST perseverative errors (Z = -3.00, p = .003, r_z = 0.51); however, no significant changes were found in self-reported assessments or urine tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined CT and GMT intervention significantly improved cognitive functions, although it did not lead to a notable reduction in substance use. This approach was associated with measurable improvements in executive functions, while highlighting the limits of short-term cognitive enhancement in altering substance use behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feared self and responsibility in obsessive compulsive phenomena.","authors":"Yoon-Hee Yang, Tess Jaeger, Richard Moulding","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the roles of feared self and inflated responsibility in obsessive-compulsive tendencies through an online experiment.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A total of 185 participants (M_age = 28.11, SD = 9.12) were randomly assigned to either a heightened responsibility or control condition, then primed with feared self scenarios (morality or culpability) or neutral control scenarios presented through vignettes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants completed a neutral baseline vignette. They were then randomly assigned to responsibility conditions (heightened vs. low) and priming conditions (morality feared-self, culpable feared-self or neutral control) involving vignette tasks with embedded spelling and grammatical errors for participants to identify. Responsibility was manipulated via instructional framing emphasizing the clinical importance of responses, and participants were allowed to review their responses, providing a behavioural measure of checking. Discomfort ratings (0-100 scale) and response times were recorded as outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The responsibility manipulation did not lead to significant variance in outcome variables, while participants' existing level of feared self and the feared-self manipulation were linked to a significant increase in average levels of discomfort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide experimental evidence that feared-self plays a fundamental cognitive-affective role in obsessive-compulsive tendencies. This underscores the importance of integrating feared-self processes into cognitive models to better understand discomfort-related responses in obsessive-compulsive phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a core outcome set for generalized anxiety disorder during the perinatal period: Identifying core treatment outcomes in perinatal anxiety.","authors":"Emma M Stallwood, Annaba Tasnia, Daniela Giansante, Briar E Inness, Benicio N Frey, Randi E McCabe, Sheryl M Green","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder during the perinatal period (pGAD) is highly prevalent and associated with adverse outcomes for both mother/birthing person (BP) and child. Yet, most treatment studies rely on researcher-selected outcomes that may not reflect patient priorities.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to identify patient-oriented treatment outcomes for pGAD to inform the development of a core outcome set (COS).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A qualitative study using focus groups was conducted in line with COMET and COREQ guidelines to capture patient perspectives on treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six semi-structured focus groups were conducted with participants who had a primary diagnosis of and participated in a cognitive behavioural therapy group for pGAD at the Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton. Discussions explored participants' experiences with perinatal anxiety, specifically which treatment outcomes were most important to them when seeking treatment for pGAD. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis with independent coding and consensus validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21 participants (10 pregnant, 11 postpartum) were recruited. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) emotional well-being, (2) interpersonal and relational well-being and (3) daily functioning. Within these themes, the treatment outcomes most important to people with lived experience with pGAD were reported: increased self-awareness, management of distressing thoughts, partner relationship satisfaction, validation through support, improved sleep quality and overall quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patient-identified outcomes extend beyond symptom reduction and highlight the importance of psychological resilience, partner relationship satisfaction and functional recovery. Incorporating these outcomes into future treatment will enhance the relevance, comparability and clinical utility of interventions for pGAD, supporting the development of a patient-informed COS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental trajectories of social responsiveness and theory of mind in adolescent offspring at familial high-risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and population-based controls-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 15.","authors":"Lotte Veddum, Andreas Færgemand Laursen, Anette Faurskov Bundgaard, Nicoline Hemager, Maja Gregersen, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Anja Vaskinn, Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen, Anne Søndergaard, Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd, Martin Wilms, Marta Schiavon, Doris Helena Bjarnadóttir Streymá, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup, Merete Nordentoft, Ole Mors, Aja Neergaard Greve","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to investigate the developmental trajectories of social responsiveness and theory of mind (ToM) from childhood to adolescence in offspring at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (PBC).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study is a longitudinal cohort study investigating offspring at FHR-SZ (n = 202) or FHR-BP (n = 120) and PBC (n = 200), assessed at age 7, 11 and 15.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Social responsiveness was measured with The Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition, completed by a teacher and the primary caregiver, and ToM was assessed using the Animated Triangles Task. Developmental differences and cross-sectional between-group differences were ascertained with multi-level mixed effects linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found non-significantly different development of social responsiveness and ToM across groups. At age 15, offspring at FHR-SZ displayed social responsiveness impairments compared with PBC, both according to teachers and primary caregivers. Offspring at FHR-BP only displayed social responsiveness impairments compared with PBC according to the primary caregivers. Significantly more offspring at FHR-SZ displayed clinically significant impairments in social responsiveness compared with PBC. We found no significant between-group difference in ToM at age 15.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Especially offspring at FHR-SZ, but also offspring at FHR-BP, show developmental deficits in social responsiveness and normal ToM development from childhood to adolescence, indicating that social responsiveness impairments may constitute a vulnerability marker. Additional studies are needed to validate our findings and to investigate the long-term impact of social responsiveness impairments in offspring at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are the experiences of people with psychosis, their carers and staff in inpatient mental healthcare services in the United Kingdom? A systematic review and meta-ethnography.","authors":"Lewis A MacDonald-Winship, Thomas A Schröder, Stephanie Lane","doi":"10.1111/bjc.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>UK inpatient mental healthcare services face ongoing challenges of safety and staff shortages. People experiencing psychosis account for around half of admissions, with over half readmitted within 7 years. Care is organized around the therapeutic alliance between patients, their carers and staff, yet no systematic review has synthesized the views of all three groups within UK inpatient settings.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>(i) To identify and appraise qualitative studies examining experiences of inpatient mental healthcare from the perspectives of patients with psychosis, carers and staff; (ii) To synthesize findings to deepen understanding of these experiences: METHOD: A systematic search of three databases identified 21 relevant studies. All were appraised using an adapted Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Data were extracted and synthesized using meta-ethnography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study quality varied. Three key constructs emerged: (1) Power and Control in the Inpatient Setting; (2) Atmospheres of Care and (3) Connection and Recovery. Patients, carers and staff described multifaceted challenges within conflict-laden environments. Experiences ranged from confusion, disconnection, and threat to safety, understanding, and recovery, shaped by relational and communicative practises. Where patients felt informed, carers included and staff supported, experiences were more positive. Conversely, institutional routines may function as defences against emotional strain, risking relational detachment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inpatient services support individuals experiencing acute distress and risk, underscoring the emotional intensity of these settings. Despite policy emphasis on deinstitutionalization, inpatient care remains essential. Future research should further explore staff and carer experiences to inform relationally attuned service design.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}