{"title":"Rater effects in evaluating therapist competencies using structured case reports: A mixed-methods study.","authors":"Yue Chen, Yun Shi, Yun Lu","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2447781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2024.2447781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study applied a mixed-methods approach to investigate rater effects that might affect case report evaluation in China. <b>Method:</b> In the quantitative phase, we randomly assigned 210 mental health professionals to the experienced or novice ratee condition to rate the same structured case report on assessment and formulation, intervention strategy, relationship, and self-reflection. The qualitative phase was subsequently conducted to help make sense of the results. We interviewed twelve supervisors about how they would rate a case report and factors they thought would influence their evaluation. <b>Results:</b> Linear model with non-constant variances revealed that the manipulation of ratee experience did not significantly bias ratings. Raters whose self-identified theoretical orientation aligned with that of the report provided higher and less dispersed ratings for intervention strategy and therapeutic relationship competencies. As their years of experience increased, theoretically congruent raters tended to give lower and more dispersed ratings. Thematic analysis revealed highly variable cognitive processes, and identified rater theoretical expertise, evaluation context, rater subjectivity and dual relationships as important factors to consider. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study indicate that theoretically congruent raters would be desirable, but raters with more years of experience should be cautioned against giving stringent ratings for theoretically familiar cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2283528
Stig Magne Solstad, Mick Cooper, Rolf Sundet, Christian Moltu
{"title":"Effects and experiences of idiographic patient-reported outcome measures for feedback in psychotherapy: A systematic review and secondary analysis of the empirical literature.","authors":"Stig Magne Solstad, Mick Cooper, Rolf Sundet, Christian Moltu","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2283528","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2283528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> There is a growing interest in idiographic patient-reported outcome measures (I-PROMs) for routine outcome monitoring (ROM) and clinical feedback (CF) in psychotherapy, but to our knowledge, no systematic reviews of the empirical literature. <b>Method:</b> We conducted a systematic literature search for empirical papers investigating effects and experiences of I-PROMs for ROM/CF and found a total of 13 papers. There was only one experimental controlled effectiveness study. <b>Results:</b> We formulated a narrative summary of the data set as a whole. We conducted a secondary analysis of nine papers containing qualitative data on stakeholder experiences with I-PROMs and found three superordinate themes and eight subthemes, summarized as \"I-PROMs can facilitate self-reflection for patients, assist in identifying and tracking therapeutic topics, and make patients more committed to therapy by giving them a greater sense of responsibility and empowerment. Formulating goals and problems can be difficult, and lack of progress can be demotivating. Time in therapy is precious and must be spent wisely. Effective use of I-PROMs is facilitated by flexibility and therapists' use of clinical skills.\" <b>Conclusion:</b> We discuss the limitations of the study and provide recommendations for future research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"125-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2252160
Jeanne C Watson
{"title":"Psychotherapy process research: Identifying productive in-session processes to enhance treatment outcomes and therapist responsiveness.","authors":"Jeanne C Watson","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2252160","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2252160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides an overview of my research programme for the past 37 years. The focus of my work has been on identifying productive in-session processes to enhance treatment outcomes and therapist responsiveness. Two foci will be reviewed, first, my research on client and therapist interpersonal process and second, productive processing in psychotherapy in three different therapeutic approaches including EFT, CBT and CCT. Given that many competing theoretical perspectives are effective, I was curious about change processes that are common and unique to each. In my work, I employed a variety of research methodologies drawing on frameworks with alternative epistemological and ontological assumptions to capture specific in-session change processes in an attempt to reveal the richness and complexity of the phenomena being studied and illuminate the process of change.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"4-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-01-24DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2301972
Kirsi Honkalampi, Henna-Riikka Urhonen, Marianna Virtanen
{"title":"Negative effects in randomized controlled trials of psychotherapies and psychological interventions: A systematic review.","authors":"Kirsi Honkalampi, Henna-Riikka Urhonen, Marianna Virtanen","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2301972","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2301972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Psychotherapy is a key evidence-based method for the treatment of mental disorders. However, little research has been published on the negative effects of psychotherapies. <b>Aims:</b> We examined this issue through a systematic literature review of previous systematic reviews on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). <b>Methods:</b> We focused on previous reviews and meta-analyses on 1) RCTs examining the effectiveness of psychotherapies and 2) previous reviews and meta-analyses specifically focusing on the negative effects of psychotherapy. We included publications published in PubMed and the Cochrane Databases from the year 2000 or later. <b>Results:</b> Of the 1,430 relevant publications, only a small proportion (30%) mentioned negative outcomes, mostly withdrawal. Only 57 of the extracted original studies monitored potential negative effects, and only three small-scale studies indicated negative effects. <b>Conclusions:</b> The systematic monitoring of negative effects in psychotherapy has not been given the same attention as has been given to the benefits of therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"100-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2303318
Maayan Levy Chajmovic, Orya Tishby
{"title":"Therapists' responsiveness in the process of ruptures and resolution: Are patients and therapists on the same page?","authors":"Maayan Levy Chajmovic, Orya Tishby","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2303318","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2303318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the association between the rupture-repair process and patients' and therapists' perceptions of the therapist's responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used the Rupture Resolution Rating System to rate early sessions (3-5) in 35 short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy cases. The patients and therapists rated their perceptions of the therapist's responsiveness after each session using the Patient's Experience of Attunement and Responsiveness (PEAR) Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Therapists' contribution to ruptures was negatively associated with both patients' and therapists' PEAR ratings. Confrontation ruptures were negatively associated with patients' PEAR ratings, whereas there was no significant association with withdrawal ruptures. Resolution was positively associated with both patients' and therapists' PEAR ratings. In addition, resolution moderated the negative association between ruptures and patients' PEAR ratings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings emphasize the link between therapists' responsiveness and the rupture-repair process. They also highlight the significance of providing therapists with the necessary training to recognize these dynamics and engage in discussions about them with their patients when appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"42-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2239457
Heidi Pellens, Valerie Vanhees, Jessie Dezutter, Patrick Luyten, Siebrecht Vanhooren
{"title":"Therapist responsiveness in the blank landscape of depression: A qualitative study among psychotherapists.","authors":"Heidi Pellens, Valerie Vanhees, Jessie Dezutter, Patrick Luyten, Siebrecht Vanhooren","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2239457","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2239457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evidence about the high burden of depression on society and the immediate environment of patients has accumulated over the past decades. Yet, empirical data about the impact of depression on the environment of psychotherapy are limited. The present study investigates the phenomenon of therapist responsiveness in the treatment of depression. Specifically, this qualitative study examines the influence of a client's severe depressive symptomatology on psychotherapists' immediate experience and reflections about interventions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The responses of 26 Flemish psychotherapists and counselors to a questionnaire with open questions and as part of a focus group were investigated by using Consensual Qualitative Research methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, experiences with a negative valence were most common in the responses of the psychotherapists and counselors. A particular negative experience, a sense of \"constriction\", affecting the therapist's relational, cognitive, emotional, and bodily level of experiencing, was a predominant response. Second, most psychotherapists and counselors considered a therapeutic attitude of being present for the client and the different aspects in the client's experience to be crucial, although most of them experienced difficulty in maintaining an attitude of presence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that exploration of the different aspects of the clients' experience and working with the self-split of the client might be essential in the psychotherapeutic treatment of depressive disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"67-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9902012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2417401
Ueli Kramer, Jan R Boehnke, Giovanna Esposito
{"title":"Therapist responsiveness in psychotherapy: Introduction to the special section.","authors":"Ueli Kramer, Jan R Boehnke, Giovanna Esposito","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2417401","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2417401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapist responsiveness denotes that therapists provide therapeutic interventions within an emerging context of client manifestations and moment-by-moment internal and external changes. So far, psychotherapy research on explaining how therapy works falls short of operationalizing the sequence of events constituted by therapist responsiveness. The present special section of Psychotherapy Research addresses this conceptual and methodological gap and proposes six original contributions, using several validated assessment protocols, both from a quantitative and qualitative viewpoint, to study therapist responsiveness in psychotherapy. It aims at providing a rigorous conceptual and methodological basis for studying a core principle of change in psychotherapy for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2023-12-30DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2290029
Lutz Wittmann, Eva Blomert, Michael Linden
{"title":"Patients' perception of side effects in cognitive-behavior, psychodynamic, and psychoanalytic outpatient psychotherapy.","authors":"Lutz Wittmann, Eva Blomert, Michael Linden","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2290029","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2290029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess and compare the frequency of psychotherapeutic side effects in different psychotherapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Side effects were assessed across 17 domains through structured interviews with 45 outpatients in cognitive-behavior, psychodynamic, and psychoanalytic psychotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost every patient (95.6%) reported at least one side effect, with a mean of 4.7 affected domains. Most frequent complaints were that problems were seen as more complex (60.0-80.0%), worsening of pre-existing symptoms (46.7-60%), occurrence of new symptoms (20.0-53.3%), feeling uncomfortable in treatment (33.3-40.0%), tensions with therapist (26.7-46.7%), as well as conflicts with current family and with family of origin (both 13.3-46.7%). Differences between therapeutic orientations were mostly non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychotherapy is regularly accompanied by side effects, independent of different theoretical orientations. Psychotherapists need to be familiar with side effects in order to inform patients about treatment-associated risks and to recognize and manage side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"112-124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139075552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluctuations in therapist responsiveness facing clients with borderline personality disorder: Starting therapy on the right foot.","authors":"Ines Culina, Setareh Ranjbar, Isabella Nadel, Ueli Kramer","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2368784","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2024.2368784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present paper focuses on therapist responsiveness during the initial therapy session with clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), aiming to analyze therapist responsiveness at short intervals during the initial session and determine if it can predict therapeutic alliance from both therapist and client viewpoints.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of 47 clients participated in the study for 10 sessions of therapy. Therapeutic alliance from therapists' and clients' perspectives was rated after each session; external raters assessed therapist responsiveness during the initial session. Multiple linear regression models and linear mixed models with backward variable selection based on AIC were run to analyze whether specific therapist behaviors during session one predicted therapeutic alliance rated from therapists' and clients' perspectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that therapists normalizing and validating clients' experiences during the first session are crucial for establishing therapeutic alliance for BPD clients; however, for therapists, the increase in variability of emotions verbalized by clients during the initial session negatively impacts therapeutic alliance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study contributes to further understand the impact of therapists' behavior at the beginning of therapy with BPD clients. Therapist responsiveness is crucial for therapy outcome but is methodologically challenging; therefore, efforts in this direction should be pursued.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychotherapy ResearchPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2298000
Güler Beril Kumpasoğlu, Chloe Campbell, Rob Saunders, Peter Fonagy
{"title":"Therapist and treatment credibility in treatment outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clients' perceptions in individual and face-to-face psychotherapies.","authors":"Güler Beril Kumpasoğlu, Chloe Campbell, Rob Saunders, Peter Fonagy","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2298000","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2298000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>No systematic review was identified investigating the influence of perceived therapist credibility on treatment outcomes. Extant treatment credibility reviews have focused on early perceptions without considering influence of various therapy phases. This study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived treatment and therapist credibility and treatment outcomes, while considering the timing of the credibility assessment as a potential moderator.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Articles published in English peer-reviewed journals containing at least one quantitative measure of credibility and treatment outcome regarding face-to-face therapist-delivered interventions were eligible. PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Embase online databases were last searched on April 5th, 2023, and the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool was used to assess the study quality. Correlations between treatment credibility and outcomes, and therapist credibility were calculated separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of 27 studies revealed a positive association between perceived treatment credibility and treatment outcome (<i>r </i>= 0.15,95%CI = 0.09,0.21,<i>p </i>< 0.001,<i>n </i>= 2061). Nine studies showed a strong association between perceived therapist credibility and outcome (<i>r </i>= 0.35,95%CI = 0.18,0.51;<i>p </i>< .001<i>,n </i>= 1161). No significant moderator found in both meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that clients' perceptions of higher credibility - whether concerning the treatment or the therapist - are associated with better therapeutic outcomes. Constraints in inclusion criteria and the small sample size in eligible studies were notable limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"139-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}