WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Efficient Algorithm for Pulmonary Nonlinear Model Online Estimation of Patients Under Assisted Ventilation","authors":"Diego A. Riva, Carolina A. Evangelista, Paul F. Puleston","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.27","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient algorithm to estimate a respiratory system nonlinear model of sedated patients under assisted ventilation is presented. The considered model comprises an airways resistance and a volume-dependant compliance and, for each respiratory cycle, the proposed algorithm provides online the model parameters guaranteeing a minimum accuracy, above a user-defined threshold. Relying on standard nonlinear identification techniques, it exhibits computational burden reduction features, which contribute to its suitability for its online application.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"876 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.0 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy module-Greek Translation: A Quality of Life tool in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy","authors":"Eleni Katsomiti, Catherine Kastanioti, Elisabeth Chroni, George Mavridoglou, Assimina Douka, Antigone Karras, George Gourzoulidis","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.28","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder in boys’ early childhood that adversely affects the cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscle’s function and emotional and social functioning as aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The current study aimed to translate the disease-specific Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL™) 3.0 DMD Module into Greek to make it feasible to administer in patients with DMD for national and cross-national studies. Methods: Established guidelines, using forward-back translation were followed for the performance of the Greek translation of the PedsQL™ 3.0 DMD Module and approval was given by the creator of the instrument. The administration of the Greek version of the module took place at the patients’ organization MDA-Hellas, a non-profit association for neuromuscular disorders, to 28 participants, children with DMD (aged 8-18 years), and their caregivers. The inventory consists of a child self-report format for children aged 8 to 18 years and a caregiver proxy-report format for children ages 5 to 18 years. Results: The module encompasses four scales: 1) Daily activities (5 items), 2) Treatment (4 items), 3) Worry (6 items) and Communication (3 items). All the questions of the PedsQL™ 3.0 DMD module were translated without any major discrepancy. The results confirmed the feasibility of administering the Greek version of the PedsQL 3.0 DMD Module. It has a clear focus and is concise. The results showed that the quality of life of DMD patients from age 5 to 18 years is affected as reported by parents. Conclusion: The results showed that the translation of the Greek version of the PedsQL 3.0 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Module questionnaire was well perceived and accepted. It has a clear focus is comprehensive and can be used for health-related quality-of-life studies in Greek-speaking patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy-DMD aged 5-18 years old.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Adaptive Neural Network Model for Clinical Face Mask Detection","authors":"Oladapo Tolulope Ibitoye, Oluwafunso Oluwole Osaloni, Samuel Olufemi Amudipe, Olusogo Julius Adetunji","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.25","url":null,"abstract":"Neural networks have become prominent and widely engaged in algorithmic-based machine learning networks. They are perfect in solving day-to-day issues to a certain extent. Neural networks are computing systems with several interconnected nodes. One of the numerous areas of application of neural networks is object detection. This area is now very prominent due to the coronavirus disease pandemic and the post-pandemic phases where wearing of clinical face mask is imminent. Wearing a protective face mask in public and a clinical face mask in a hospital environment slows the spread of the virus and any other respiratory-related contagious diseases, according to experts’ submission. This calls for the development of a reliable and effective model for detecting face masks on people’s faces during compliance checks. The existing neural network models for facemask detection are characterized by their black-box nature and large dataset requirement. The highlighted challenges have compromised the performance of the existing models. The proposed technique utilized the Faster R-CNN model on the Inception V3 backbone to reduce system complexity and dataset requirements. The model was trained and validated with very few datasets and evaluation results show an overall accuracy of 96% regardless of skin tone.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digestibility In Vitro Discorea Hispida Dennst using Albizia Saponaria Lour Extract as Local Feed","authors":"Deki Zulkarnain, Ali Bain, Andi Murlina Tasse, Muhammad Amrullah Pagala, La Ode Muh. Munadi, Sarno Ndabi","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.26","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of local feed resources in various regions in Indonesia is quite abundant in quantity and availability, but their utilization is not optimal. This study specifically analyzes the In Vitro Digestibility of Dioscorea hispida Dennst Using Albizia Saponaria Lour (Langir) Extract as local feed, which was carried out at two locations, namely Tinanggea District, Konawe Selatan Regency, and the animal feed laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Halu Oleo University with a research duration of 6 months, namely January-July 2023 The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) unidirectional pattern with 4 treatments and 4 replications so that a total of 16 experimental plots. The experimental procedure begins with preparing Dioscorea hispida Dennst, the preparation of langir bark extract, the Soaking of the Trial Samples, and the Collection and Sampling. The findings showed that using langir bark extract up to 15% reduced cyanide acid (HCN) levels to 10,07 ppm or 49,06% compared to HCN levels in the study controls. Langir bark extract up to 15% usage level in Dioscorea hispida Dennst immersion has no effect on dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility in vitro because it still shows the maximum digestibility level of 91,54-93,48% dry matter and 69,74-77,86% organic matter, langir bark extract into Dioscorea hispida Dennst flour was used effectively in improving the concentration of NH3 and VFA at the 5% level, with the achievement of a concentration of NH3 of 5,09 mM and a concentration of VFA of 147,10 mM.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of Cryochemical Formation of Medicinal Substances in Nanoforms. The Role of Temperature and Dimensional Parameters","authors":"Irina Astashova, Gregory Chechkin, Alexey Filinovskiy, Yuriy Morozov, Tatyana Shabatina","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.22","url":null,"abstract":"The work is aimed at creating a mathematical model of cryochemical synthesis of nanoforms of pharmaceutical substances. The therapeutic efficacy of pharmaceutical substances largely depends on the size and morphology of the particles. Reducing the particle size of pharmaceutical substances to nanoscale makes it possible to obtain highly effective drugs, which makes it possible to use smaller doses of drugs and, thus, reduce side effects and toxicity. Cryochemical synthesis is one of the most powerful methods for obtaining nanoforms of medicament. The method, which is completely new, is based on sublimation or evaporation of the initial pharmaceutical substance under high vacuum conditions and the introduction of the resulting vapors into an inert gas stream, followed by low-temperature condensation of the flow of molecules of the substance from the gas phase on the cooled surface. The first step in the mathematical modeling of cryochemical synthesis processes is the calculation of the temperature field in the carrier gas flow interacting with the cooled surface. For this purpose, a stationary equation of thermal conductivity with mass transfer is used for the one-dimensional case. We prove existence and uniqueness theorems of the solution. Analytical solutions of the equation for Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin boundary conditions are found.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Action Potential Propagation in Cardiac Tissues Using Cable Theory","authors":"Natela Zirakashvili, Teona Zirakashvili","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.24","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the present paper is to study the propagation of action potential in cardiac tissue using the cable equation. The paper discusses one-dimensional models of continuously coupled myocytes. Electrical behavior in cardiac tissue is averaged over many cells. Therefore, the transmembrane potential behavior for a single cell is studied. Using the monodomain model, in the absence of current at the beginning and end of the cable (cell), the initial boundary problem is posed and solved analytically. The paper also discusses a one-dimensional mathematical model of conduction in discretely coupled myocytes. The electrical behavior in the tissue is studied in individual myocytes, each of which is modeled as a continuum connected through conditions at the cell boundaries, which represent gap junctions. A stationary passive problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions is stated and solved analytically using the bidomain model. The problems are solved by the method of separation of variables. Numerical modeling of transmembrane potential propagation is performed using MATLAB software. Transmembrane isopotential contours, and 2D and 3D graphs corresponding to the obtained numerical results are presented.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Structured Analysis Design Technique on a Pathology Process","authors":"Mohamed Najeh Lakhoua, Fatma Khanchel","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.23","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze processes, to improve them, to assure quality management and quality assurance, to integrate hardware and software components as well for education, training, and communication between different domains experts, analysis and modeling business processes in a pathology department is certain. The objective of this paper is to present an application of the Structured Analysis Design Technique (SADT) method in the medical framework. Then, we present the application of this method in a case study of a pathology process. Thus, the authors underline the need for system analysis of a pathology process.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning based Brain Stroke Detection using Improved VGGNet","authors":"Srisabarimani K. Arthi R","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.21","url":null,"abstract":"Brain stroke is one of the critical health issues as the after effects provides physical inability and sometimes death. The inability of focus in the brain due to bleeding or clogged blood vessels leads to stroke. Early treatment and diagnosis are crucial in and following manual procedures takes more time which further increases the criticalness. Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques hands together in medical domain and numerous applications are developed to reduce the diagnosis time and to improve the accuracy. Incorporating machine learning techniques in brain stroke detection is a familiar research arena and numerous research works are evolved with better solutions. However, the drive towards developing better system for brain stroke detection is still in progress. Thus, in this research work, deep learning-based brain stroke detection system is presented using improved VGGNet. Simulation analysis using a set of brain stroke data and the performance of learning algorithms are measured in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, f-measure, and Jaccard index. The better performance of proposed model is comparatively analyzed with traditional machine learning algorithms like support vector machine, Naïve Bayes, Decision tree, K-Nearest neighbor, and recent deep learning models like ResNet, Squeeze Net, Alex Net, and Google Net algorithms. Experimental results validates that the Improved VGG model attained better performance for all the parameters. Specifically with 96.86% of detection accuracy improved VGG model detects the brain strokes effectively compared to other learning algorithms.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioengineering and Geomatics: Automatic Brain Image Segmentation using Two-Stage Pipeline with SNN and Watershed Algorithm","authors":"Vincenzo Barrile, Emanuela Genovese, Elena Barrile","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.20","url":null,"abstract":"Digital image processing holds an increasingly essential role in the medical domain. This study emphasizes the significance of researching and implementing methods aimed at the segmentation of critical image regions and potential noise reduction, which is indispensable for medical professionals in disease diagnosis. Consequently, the investigation of software solutions in this context can substantially enhance diagnostic accuracy. In particular, neurology stands as a medical field wherein imaging plays a substantial contributory role. In pursuit of an automated brain image segmentation approach, this paper centers its attention on a two-step pipeline methodology to address the segmentation challenges inherent in medical imaging. The proposed method incorporates the use of a Self-Normalizing Neural Network (SNN) for denoising and employs the Watershed algorithm, typically employed in Geomatics imagery, for segmentation. Encouraging results are obtained, with a segmentation performance, as measured by IoU, reaching a noteworthy value of 0.93 when compared with alternative segmentation software.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABO and Rh Blood Group Antigens and Natural Anti-A and ANTI-B Antibodies in the Neonates","authors":"Shorena Gabaidze, Marina Nagervadze, Leila Akhvlediani, Nana Nakashidze, Alissar Alfilo, Irine Tsintsadze, Nato Gorgadze, Rusudan Khukhunaishvili, Marina Koridze, Tea Koiava, Ketevan Dolidze, Tamar Bakhtadze","doi":"10.37394/23208.2023.20.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2023.20.19","url":null,"abstract":"ABO blood group is determined by the presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of RBC and of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the serum. The relatively weak expression of A and B antigens in newborns due to their developing immune systems poses challenges in accurately detecting naturally occurring IgM antibodies against these antigens. This difficulty in immunoserological methods contributes to the potential for errors in determining the blood groups of newborns. Despite this, the Rh antigen expression in newborns remains comparable to that in adults. Nonetheless, various factors contribute to diverse blood typing results in newborns, including the utilization of alternative testing methods. The complexity of blood typing is magnified when using samples from the umbilical vein. Furthermore, compared to adults, the exploration of ABO antigen expression in newborns is limited, and the identification of specific subgroups such as A1 and A2 is even rarer. This underscores the need for standardized testing procedures and further research to enhance our understanding of antigen expression patterns in newborns. Based on the aforementioned details, the primary objective of our study was to delve into specific aspects related to blood group characterization in newborns. This encompassed exploring the expression of A, B, AB, and D antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and detecting anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma of newborns. These analyses were conducted using samples obtained from the heels of 208 newborns and were typed by forward and reverse blood typing methods with monoclonal antibodies and srandart erythrocytes. The distribution of phenotypic groups within the ABO system among the newborns was not uniform. The r allele was identified with the highest frequency in the analyzed samples (0.6), while the prevalence of the p allele significantly lags at 0.3. The q allele has the lowest frequency (0.1). In our study, we propose that for the majority of cases (43.94±3.5%) among the studied newborns, there was an absence of naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B antibodies (n=87). In a specific scenario, within the O(I) blood group nwborns, partial synthesis of these antibodies was detected in 14.14±2.4% (n=28). Meanwhile, 41.92±3.5% of the newborns in our study exhibited natural antibodies similar to those found in adults. We didn’t find any difficulties in typing the Rh blood group antigens in the newborns. In conclusion, our study's findings indicate that newborns, in certain instances, exhibit strongly pronounced natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies within the ABO system. However, in the majority of cases, these antibodies are not evident. Majority of cases erythrocyte A and B antigens were weakly expressed and for detecting these images optic microscopes were used.","PeriodicalId":481436,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}