Environment and Urbanization最新文献

{"title":"Climate justice is social justice: articulating people’s rights to the city in Mumbai","authors":"Paroma Wagle, K. Philip","doi":"10.1177/09562478221113632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221113632","url":null,"abstract":"Mumbai, India’s most populous city, faces rising temperatures, flooding, and pollution. Climate change is an urgent concern, yet strong disagreements divide the city’s population on the nature of appropriate responses to climate crisis. We find that urban activists in Mumbai make an explicit connection between social justice and climate justice. This paper studies three social movements working in Mumbai to secure access to housing, water and sanitation for marginalized communities. Building on the work of Nancy Fraser, Iris Marion Young and Henri Lefebvre, we argue that climate injustice in Mumbai has roots in structures of inequality based in class, gender, religion and migration status. Climate adaptation strategies run the risk of exacerbating inequalities when disasters strike. We seek design solutions that centre on inclusive justice rather than technocratic market forces. This paper opens up a conversation about global megacities, climate change and “urban climate justice from below”.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"331 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44978810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking planning education for urban equality: higher education as a site for change","authors":"Neha Sami, Ruchika Lall, G. Anand, Shriya Anand","doi":"10.1177/09562478221113623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221113623","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the challenges facing urban planning higher education institutions in the global South that engage with knowledge production, education and training and the ways they are tackling urban equality concerns. Drawing on interviews with urban pedagogues and practitioners, and examining institutional histories across Asia and Africa, we use a five-point framework to analyse these challenges: what to teach, how to teach, whom to teach, who teaches and where to teach. We find that different institutional arrangements and choices made by educators affect the answers to these questions in different ways. These questions are also closely connected to the questions of planning “for what”, and planning education “to what end”, and relate to concerns regarding values and processes and to outcomes for urban equality in the South. Considering these cases together offers an opportunity to contribute to a Southern dialogue on the evolution of planning education.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"413 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47386614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “slow anatomy of change”: urban knowledge trajectories towards an inclusive settlement upgrading agenda in Freetown, Sierra Leone","authors":"J. Macarthy, Braima Koroma, C. Cociña, S. Butcher, Alexandre Apsan Frediani","doi":"10.1177/09562478221106611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221106611","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the dominant knowledge paradigms that have underpinned planning over time in Freetown, Sierra Leone and their implications for urban equality. Looking at the history of the informal settlement upgrading agenda, it presents this analysis through a historical mapping, outlining the knowledge paradigms that have informed planning approaches from the colonial era to the present day. It then outlines three strategic moments over the past 13 years, in which organized informal settlement residents and wider coalitions have mobilized diverse forms of knowledge. By engaging both with long-term trajectories and the intimacy of more recent experiences, it outlines what we refer to as the “slow anatomy of change” through which diverse knowledges have been consolidated. The paper offers reflections on the temporalities and geographies of change; the role of knowledge production as a historical site of power disparities; and what these strategies tell us about the negotiation of power and knowledge through planning towards urban equality.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"294 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48097994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evolving threat to life and livelihoods: comparing the health, economic and political implications of the first two waves of COVID-19 in Bengaluru and Patna slums","authors":"E. Rains","doi":"10.1177/09562478221106088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221106088","url":null,"abstract":"How has COVID-19 affected the urban poor across cities and over time? This research note serves as a follow-up to an earlier study on the impacts of the first wave of the pandemic on informal settlements in two Indian cities. This note draws on additional interviews with key informants from 20 settlements to compare the economic and health impacts of the first two major waves of the pandemic in Bengaluru and Patna, as well as respondents’ attitudes towards the government’s response. Informants in both cities reported higher levels of food insecurity during the second wave resulting from a substantial reduction in government aid, cumulative economic impacts from the first and second waves and, in the case of Bengaluru only, a surge in COVID-19 infections and associated healthcare costs. While slum residents in Bengaluru universally describe the health and economic effects of the second wave as more severe than the first, residents in Patna report the opposite. I argue these disparate characterisations reflect different expectations and approval of local government’s response to the crisis across cities and waves.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"467 - 480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43964306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into relations in community-led urban interventions in the global South: civil society and co-production in Kampala","authors":"G. Siame, Vanessa Watson","doi":"10.1177/09562478221098621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221098621","url":null,"abstract":"For many decades, civil society organisations have been instrumental in driving the development agenda in many parts of the world. In the urban global South, these organisations have championed alternative, transformational and transnational grassroots-led urban development practice. An important dimension of their efforts has involved working with the state to jointly produce urban services and the urban space, an approach termed co-production. While the rapidly growing literature on co-production has applauded the efficacy of the approach, there has been no explicit interrogation of how it is affected by clearly visible divisions within communities and civil society. This paper argues that co-production is implemented within the context of a divided civil society and that success depends to a large extent on how these civil society actors address their internal conflicts to engage with the state as a consolidated community force, able to negotiate while resisting capture by a manipulative state.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"517 - 535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42818006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the views of Iranian planning professionals on children’s active involvement in urban planning","authors":"B. Manouchehri, Edgar A. Burns, S. Davoudi, Ayyoob Sharifi","doi":"10.1177/09562478221092688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221092688","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the extent to which urban planning professionals in Iran are prepared to facilitate children’s inclusion in city decision-making. What do Iranian planners believe about the potential effectiveness of children’s inclusion? Evidence from research in Mashhad elicited ambivalent reactions on the part of planners. They held conflicting viewpoints on children’s involvement from various perspectives, including its feasibility, its value to children and to the planning system, and its implications for their own roles. There was evidence, however, that planners’ current purpose could change from passively instrumental roles to advocacy, partnership and communication. The paper considers how the functioning of the larger planning system might incorporate child-participation initiatives, facilitating a more democratic approach to planning and citizen participation in urban environments.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"497 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47425796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Research on Sexual Abuse Perpetration.","authors":"Amanda M Fanniff, Apryl A Alexander","doi":"10.1177/10790632221091193","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10790632221091193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"33 1","pages":"10790632221091193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86560017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrogating park access and equity in Johannesburg, South Africa","authors":"Samkelisiwe Khanyile, Christina Culwick Fatti","doi":"10.1177/09562478221083891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221083891","url":null,"abstract":"Equitable access to green spaces is essential in cities, especially those with complex socio-economic challenges. This study considers how socio-economic characteristics influence traditional park access measures, using a geographically weighted regression (GWR) to analyse park access equity in Johannesburg. The use of a spatially sensitive statistical approach enables a more nuanced analysis of equity than previous studies have permitted in Johannesburg, thus empowering better park access planning. The method considers the number of parks and distance to the nearest park as important access measures. The study shows a complex relationship between different interpretations of park access relative to various socio-economic considerations, such as population density, unemployment rates and education levels, and that inequity in access to park space according to these measures varies across the city. The findings offer an opportunity for an improved understanding of local environmental justice and could potentially inform more equitable park planning and management policies in cities.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"10 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44854877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulletin Board","authors":"Bulletin Board, I. M. stateMent","doi":"10.2217/17410541.3.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/17410541.3.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Environment and Urbanization (E&U) seeks to advance a more socially just and environmentally sustainable urban world through the provision of knowledge. Our focus is the Global South, where an estimated one in three of the urban population lives in informal settlements and where more than half work within the informal economy. UN projections suggest that almost all the world’s growth in population in the next few decades will be in urban centres in the Global South. Contributors to E&U include those engaging with critical social science to add theoretical and conceptual insights, those reporting innovative empirical findings that augment our understanding of context and solutions (and their significance for theories and concepts), and those able to share the voices of activist representative groups and movements that are rarely seen in the scholarly literature. In other words, our journal aims both to advance social justice and be the change we strive for by encouraging contributions that share the perspectives of disadvantaged and marginalised groups. E&U particularly encourages researchers, NGO staff, professionals and activists in Africa, Asia and Latin America to write about their work, present their ideas and debate issues. We promote the work of French, Spanish and Portuguese-speaking authors by arranging for the translation of their work into English. Papers commonly deal with poverty, inequality, and the power relations underpinning both disadvantage and transformation. Papers also report on trends, policies, programmes and practices related to urbanisation, urban development and urban environments. We are concerned with processes of progressive change, while recognising that these are contested, and that change is neither uni-linear nor necessarily progressive. Urbanisation processes are often poorly understood and papers that contribute insights supporting an accurate understanding of grounded realities are important to us. We recognise that sustainable development, including needed responses to climate change, is critical to both current and future populations, and that ecosystems have a critical role in the wellbeing of urban populations and the resilience of their cities. We encourage contributions related to such themes.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"249 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/17410541.3.1.15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46044603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Living systems infrastructure” of Kolkata: exploring co-production of urban nature using historical urban political ecology (HUPE)","authors":"Jenia Mukherjee","doi":"10.1177/09562478221084560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221084560","url":null,"abstract":"Capital investment-laden green blue infrastructures (GBI) are being globally celebrated as harbingers of urban resilience to address environmental risks. These technocratic designs exclude historical and micro-political processes shaping urban environments. It is within this context that exposure to social sciences frameworks remains significant. Here, I formulate and deploy historical urban political ecology (HUPE) to explore the mutual relationship between Kolkata and her wetlands, finally demonstrating that cities need to be perceived as complex and adaptive “living systems infrastructure” evolved over time, across an intersecting array of technological apparatuses and social arrangements through constant interactions between human and non-human actors. Beyond linear choreographies of power equations, HUPE conveys the “plural” by exemplifying collaborations, compulsions and contingencies that mediate urban ecologies. I argue that HUPE is an enabling framework, eliciting emancipatory possibilities within political ecology by envisioning the translation of epistemological insights into implementable actions, towards more just and resilient urban ecologies of future.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"34 1","pages":"32 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48048406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}