{"title":"Egocentric Contact Networks of Older Adults: Featuring Quantity, Strength and Function of Ties","authors":"Fruzsina Albert, Beáta Dávid, G. Hajdú, É. Huszti","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1787111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1787111","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article analyzes how the theory of constraints, the socio-emotional and functional selectivity theories can explain the egocentric networks of older adults. The contact diary method is applied on a randomly chosen subsample of a nationally representative cross-sectional sample in Hungary enumerating all active ties and encounters with social contacts of 181 adults aged 50 and above. Age is negatively associated with network size, but it is positively correlated with average tie strength. Retirement, declining health, and death of the partner act as external constraints, and are associated with a shrinking network. Our results support the socio-emotional selectivity theory, but not the functional selectivity theory.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"623 - 642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1787111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42470790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura A. Bray, Nicholas J. Membrez‐Weiler, Thomas E. Shriver
{"title":"Agrochemical Exposure & Environmental Illness: Legal Repression of Latin American Banana Workers","authors":"Laura A. Bray, Nicholas J. Membrez‐Weiler, Thomas E. Shriver","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1841585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1841585","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prior research on legal repression shows how elites use criminal law to demobilize collective challenges, yet social control efforts based in civil law have received inadequate attention. In this study, we develop the concept of elite legal framing to examine how corporations deploy “soft” forms of repression within the civil justice system. Drawing on court, government, and media documents, we analyze a series of transnational civil litigation cases over pesticide exposure on Dole-contracted banana plantations in Nicaragua. Results highlight how the corporate defendants promoted a corruption narrative that diffused through the media and legal system to successfully discredit farmworker claims.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"359 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1841585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44400234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immigration and Crime in the Local News: Exploring the Macrolevel Covariates of Coverage and Framing","authors":"C. Harris, Jeff Gruenewald, Cody R. Tuttle","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contrary to empirical evidence, immigration is seen as increasing rates of crime among the public. However, most people draw from secondary sources—including local news media—to form such opinions. We examine the contextual factors impacting whether and how local media describe the immigration–crime nexus. Using data constructed from content analysis of over 3,800 news articles, we find that the likelihood of local media providing coverage of immigration and crime varies as a function of the violent crime rate, minority population size and growth, and religious and political conservatism. Additionally, news “frames” depend on contextual factors too: Articles in more affluent communities with growing minority populations link immigration to higher rates of crime but are less likely to discuss the protective effects of immigration or immigrant refugees.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"788 - 812"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42520288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"This Land Is (Not) Your Land: Race and Ascripted Americanness in the Formation of Attitudes about Immigrants","authors":"Raul S Casarez","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Race consistently patterns anti-immigrant bias. However, it is less clear if all racial groups define “being American” in the same way. This work explores the ways ascribed characteristics that define being “American,” termed Ascripted Americanness, potentially contributes to racial variation in attitudes toward immigrants. Using the 2004 & 2014 General Social Survey (n = 1,774), results show that emphasizing any facet of Ascripted Americanness, particularly US ancestry, correlates to anti-immigrant hostility. Furthermore, the connection between Ascripted Americanness and hostility tends to be more pronounced for white adults compared to black or Latinx adults. Ultimately, these findings reveal that hostility toward immigrants is shaped by the racialization of symbolic boundaries around “being American.”","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"114 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49606236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Systems Change Not Climate Change”: Support for a Radical Shift Away from Capitalism at Mainstream U.S. Climate Change Protest Events","authors":"Christopher Todd Beer","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social movements and academic research debate about how to address climate change. One such debate asks whether climate change should be addressed by new policies and technological innovation within the existing economic system or if it requires a more fundamental change to the system. How much do mainstream climate change protestors support a radical shift away from capitalism to address climate change? Using original survey data collected during major U.S. climate change movement events, I examine the individual-level predictors of protestors’ support for a radical shift away from capitalism and the demographics of mainstream climate change protestors.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"175 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47130906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Porn as a Threat to the Mythic Social Order: Christian Nationalism, Anti-Pornography Legislation, and Fear of Pornography as a Public Menace","authors":"Samuel L. Perry, Andrew L. Whitehead","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We propose contemporary support for sweeping anti-pornography legislation is driven, in large part, by Christian nationalism―an ideology seeking to politically enforce a mythic Christian sexual order, but not one’s own sexual behavior. We show Christian nationalism strongly predicts a desire to outlaw pornography, but not actual pornography use. Moreover, Christian nationalism is also the strongest predictor that Americans believe pornography leads to a breakdown of morals and to rape, but is unrelated to views about porn’s individual consequences. Unlike indicators of personal piety, which connect pornography to individual behavior, Christian nationalism relates to pornography almost exclusively as a societal threat.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"316 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48424506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building Expectations and Keeping Customers Happy: How Charter School Leaders Recruit and Retain Families","authors":"Virginia Riel","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using qualitative data collected in three charter schools over the course of 14 months, this article analyzes how involvement expectations played a role in charter school recruitment practices and shaped personnel-parent relations. Through various recruitment strategies, personnel built involvement expectations among prospective parents, treating them as valued customers whose happiness carried consequences for funding. Personnel drew on parents’ financial networks, neighborhood connections, and social media contacts to recruit families, as for-profit charter school budgets rely on the recruitment and retention of parents who can volunteer, serve on committees, provide transportation, court donors, and recruit similar families.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"296 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42405179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Emergence of de facto Bureaucratic Priorities: Extending Urban Citizenship in fin-de-millénaire Lima, Peru","authors":"Simeon J. Newman","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT I outline an underappreciated explanation for states’ de facto policy-implementation priorities, contrast it with existing explanations, and apply it to the Peruvian state’s extension of “urban citizenship” (squatter residence legalization) in late-twentieth century Lima. Bureaucratic priorities emerge from both the intervention of the bureaucracy tasked with policy implementation and local-level actors found in the policy-implementation arena it targets. Qualitative evidence shows that the legalization bureaucracy encountered neighborhood elites who tried to obstruct the extension of urban citizenship. Quantitative evidence suggests that these actors were unevenly distributed across space and that the state prioritized settlements according to their relative absence.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"266 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48841852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differential Effectiveness of Regional Trade Agreements, 1958-2012: The Conditioning Effects from Homophily and World-System Status","authors":"Min Zhou","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Borrowing insights from economic sociology and world system theory, this study highlights the dual “embeddedness” of regional trade agreements (RTAs) and examines the contingent nature of their trade-promoting effect. While overall RTAs are found to promote bilateral trade, the trade-promoting effect varies. First, RTAs are embedded in dyadic homophily. Geographic, political, and cultural proximity provides a favorable institutional environment for the materialization of the trade-expanding potential unleashed by RTAs. Most RTAs are predominantly focused on reducing trade barriers and are far less effective in creating effective institutions (especially informal institutions), thereby rendering the actual effectiveness of RTAs dependent on dyadic homophily. Second, RTAs are also embedded in the overall world system. RTAs between wealthy core countries boost trade more effectively than those between less developed peripheral countries. Peripheral countries have limited economic power and lack the capacity or intention to fully implement policies stipulated in RTAs. Overall, the dual “embeddedness” and its resulting differential effectiveness of RTAs is expected to intensify regionalism and the North-South divide in global trade.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"337 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48582190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}