{"title":"Reforming EMI in higher education: The EMI ProF as a political normative framework for policy, quality, and professionalisation","authors":"Mustafa Akıncıoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>English-medium instruction (EMI) has often been implemented through ill-thought-out institutional/national strategic decisions, typically driven by the internationalisation of higher education. In this context, EMI research seems to be condensed on problem identification and trends, focusing on English language issues, pedagogical challenges, and stakeholder perceptions. This narrow focus appears to have reached a saturation point, underscoring the need for a reform-driven approach—one that prioritises structural transformation and problem-solving. Addressing this gap, this political normative paper argues that the professionalisation of EMI at the tertiary level represents the way forward. Situated within the broader contexts of global capitalism and neoliberalism, this paper takes a Critical EMI stance to examine the role of EMI in higher education. It proposes a structured, solution-oriented approach, grounded in three interrelated critical concepts: multilingualism, universities as sites for liberation, and English as an international language. EMI policy and quality are structured around three cyclic stages, with academic learning outcomes at the core. Rather than offering a rigid framework, this paper introduces the EMI Professionalisation Framework (EMI ProF) as a guiding political normative model informed by prior research to drive the EMI reform and support the professionalisation agenda. Key definitions of EMI quality, professionalisation of EMI, EMI professionals, and EMI content-teacher competence are provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The philanthropic LLC: Business influence over/via EdTech","authors":"Lara Patil , Dana Brakman Reiser","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a specific legal vehicle for for-profit philanthropy, the limited liability corporation, and analyzes: to what extent the philanthropic limited liability corporation is blurring the lines between high-net-worth individuals and the corporations they found and lead; how new modes of engagement are shifting dynamics between corporate capitalist business rationales and philanthropic endeavors and, in turn, impact the nature of education technology solutions made available; and how technology and philanthropic sector convergence is affecting power relations, educational inequalities, and global North/South relations. The theoretical framing draws from contemporary comparative education research, where scholars are comprehensively unpacking transnational education transfer processes, and contributes to a growing body of critical EdTech scholarship rethinking the presence of technologies in our lives and schooling. The findings demonstrate how the autonomy of for-profit philanthropy is increasingly linked to the institutional profit rationales of affiliate corporations, with elite philanthropists leveraging philanthropy to advance their own business development and growth impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The perspective of education warriors summary of articles in volume one","authors":"Stephen P. Heyneman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103275","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of Covid-19 disruptions on primary education: Evidence from the national grade 5 scholarship examination in Sri Lanka","authors":"Tiloka de Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in prolonged school closures. In Sri Lanka, schools closed in March 2020 and remained closed for most of the next two years. This paper investigates the impact of these disruptions on primary school students using Grade 5 scholarship examination results between 2017 and 2022 and changes in mobility resulting from state-mandated restrictions. Using panel regressions, the analysis finds that while reduced mobility negatively affected examination results, the effects were largest for students in wealthier zones. These results suggest some levelling of the playing field amid worse outcomes across the board, at least for this examination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early life human-capital investments in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Jere R. Behrman , Claudia Vazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article focuses on three general dimensions of support for human-capital development of Sub-Saharan African children under five years old: nurturing care, nutrition, and preprimary programs. We simulate the Costs of Inaction of under-investments in these three dimensions of early life human capital. For preprimary programs we also simulate the long-run economic losses due to program closures during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results suggest that: (i) the Costs of Inaction of not implementing nutritional programs for all stunted children 0–2 years of age is close to 3 % of GDP in some countries with high prevalences of stunting; (ii) the Costs of Inaction of not reaching universal coverage in preprimary is 1.6 % of GDP on average for the region; (iii) the Costs of Inaction as a share of GDP of not expanding home-visits programs to children 3–5 years considered developmentally not on track is 2.6 % of GDP, on average for the region; and (iv) the costs of reducing preprimary school participation due to COVID-19 ranges from 0.1 % of GDP to 6.0 % of GDP depending on pre-pandemic preprimary participation rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellen Spiller , Alexandra Blackwell , Cosmas Ayella , Eleonora Mansi , Kathryn Falb
{"title":"Effects of latrine safety and menstrual stigma on school attendance among adolescent girls in South Sudan","authors":"Ellen Spiller , Alexandra Blackwell , Cosmas Ayella , Eleonora Mansi , Kathryn Falb","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the factors influencing school attendance during menstruation among adolescent girls in Panyijar County, South Sudan, using secondary data from an International Rescue Committee survey of adolescents aged 10–20 years attending primary schools in the region. Key findings reveal that feelings of safety in school latrines are critical predictors of attendance, with those feeling safe while menstruating exhibiting notably higher odds of attending school during menstruation. Conversely, feelings of shame significantly decreased the odds of attendance. Age also played a positive role, with each additional year correlating with an increased likelihood of attending school. In a comprehensive model, safety in school latrines during menstruation emerged as the most influential factor, whereas the negative impact of shame, although reduced, remained significant. These findings underscore the importance of addressing both physical infrastructure (e.g., safe, private latrines) and psychosocial barriers (e.g., stigma and shame) to support educational outcomes for menstruating girls. This study provides actionable insights for policymakers and educators in low-resource, and humanitarian contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The educational inequality faced by Chinese rural migrant children in an urban public school","authors":"Chuan Ma, Desheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the beginning of the 21st century, the educational challenges faced by rural migrant children in China have been widely discussed. Previous studies have attributed the poor academic performance of migrant children to the Hukou system, which has historically excluded them from accessing public educational resources in urban areas. Although the Chinese government has gradually relaxed the control of the Hukou system, migrant children still face difficulties in gaining admission to universities. According to the <em>China Rural Education Development Report</em> (2020–2022), in 2021, there were 1.59 million rural migrant junior high school graduates nationwide, but only 584,300 were admitted to general high schools, resulting in an admission rate of just 41.15 %. This statistic underscores the structural inequalities within the education system, as migrant children are disproportionately directed toward vocational education rather than higher academic pathways. This article aims to investigate the relationship between school curriculum and migrant children’s academic achievements by participating into their school life. The finding reveals that school curriculum potentially discriminates against migrant children, effectively excluding them from access to universities in order to maintain social division.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The imperial examination system: \"How to examine\" and the comprehensive development of students during the Ming and Qing dynasties","authors":"Jinshan Yuan , Aochong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emphasis on comprehensive human development in Chinese education has a long-standing tradition. Especially during the Ming and Qing dynasties, under the criteria for selecting state-governing talent, the \"guiding role\" of the Imperial Examinations played a positive role in promoting students' all-round development in virtue, wisdom, physical, aesthetics, and labor. This paper employs historical research methods. To specifically analyze how the Ming and Qing imperial examinations guided the comprehensive development of students, it is necessary to categorize and describe the methods and content of guidance in the aspect of \"How to examine\", concerning the students' \"virtue, wisdom, physical, aesthetic, and labor\" development. During the Ming and Qing periods, the imperial examination system had become relatively mature, with its various intricacies influencing admissions and prompting students to meticulously prepare. The imperial examinations, through both direct and indirect methods, exerted a holistic impact on the comprehensive development of students throughout the entire process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Freed students, unsatisfied parents: Evidence from the Free Semester Program in South Korea","authors":"Hoyong Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of the Free Semester Program (FSP) on parental satisfaction in South Korean middle schools. Leveraging data from the 2012 Gyeonggi Education Panel Study, we employ a difference-in-differences methodology that exploits variations in FSP implementation across schools. Our findings indicate that the FSP significantly reduces parental satisfaction, a result that remains robust across multiple control variables. Moreover, the effect varies by household characteristics, with underprivileged families experiencing a sharper decline in parental satisfaction. Our findings underscore the need for policymakers to consider parental perspectives when designing and implementing education reforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}