U. K. Abdullahi, Badawi Aminu Muhammed, I. Y. Inuwa, Jamilu Garba, Saudat Ali Adamu, Tasi’u Musa, J. Y. Falgore
{"title":"TRANSMUTED NEW WEIGHTED EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION: ITS DISTRIBUTIONAL PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS TO DATASETS FROM RAINFALL AND BREAST CANCER STUDIES","authors":"U. K. Abdullahi, Badawi Aminu Muhammed, I. Y. Inuwa, Jamilu Garba, Saudat Ali Adamu, Tasi’u Musa, J. Y. Falgore","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-1106","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper developed a new distribution referred as transmuted Newweighted exponential distribution. This is an extension of the popular Exponential distribution by using the transmutation map, the probability density function (pdf) and the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of the developed distribution were derived. Some distributional properties of the new distribution were extensively studied. The estimation of the distribution parameters was done using the method of maximum likelihood estimation. The performance of the TNWED has been evaluated using real life datasets from two (2) previous researches and the results show that our proposed distribution fits the datasets more better compared to the fits of the other two distributions (New Weighted Exponential distribution and Exponential distribution) considered in this study.","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"547 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF RAIN-FED AND IRRIGATED SUGARCANE PRODUCTION FARMING SYSTEMS IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"T. O. Ademola, O. S. Balogun, S. Adamu","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"248 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Salim, A. Ahmed, A. W. Hassan, J. Abdulkadir, R. Abdullahi, B. I. Ityonum, A. I. Bashir
{"title":"NUTRIENT CHARACTERIZATION, BIOGAS AND ELECTRICITY GENERATION POTENTIALS OF ROOT AND TUBER WASTES","authors":"A. A. Salim, A. Ahmed, A. W. Hassan, J. Abdulkadir, R. Abdullahi, B. I. Ityonum, A. I. Bashir","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2188","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid population growth and increasing food demand have led to a significant rise in organic waste generation, which has had a negative impact on the environment. However, these wastes can be utilized as substrates for anaerobic digestion (AD) biogas production, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly waste management solution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutrient composition, biogas potential, and electricity generation capacity of root and tuber waste as a feedstock for biogas production. Waste samples were collected from various restaurants in Malumfashi. The nutrient composition of the waste samples was analyzed using standardized AOAC methods, and the biogas potential was estimated using the Baserga model equations. The results revealed that the waste samples had a total solid content of 94.70%, a volatile solid content of 87.60%, a crude protein content of 0.10%, a nitrogen-free extract of 5.1%, a crude fiber content of 5.04%, a crude fat content of 7.1%, and an ash content of 5.3%. The estimated biogas yield from complete degradation of fresh organic matter from roots and tubers was 501m3/ton, with a methane content of 52%. Based on the calorific value of biogas and the efficiency of electrical conversion, the estimated electrical potential was determined to be 1072 kWh/ton. The study recommends the utilization of root and tuber waste as a valuable resource for biogas generation and renewable energy production. Additionally, further research should be conducted to determine the specific biogas production outputs of root and tuber wastes.","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASSESSING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER BALANCE IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"Danbaba Goma, Shaibu M. Hassan, Ishaya Sunday","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2178","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine the spatial distribution of water balance components for Kaduna State. One of the most important outcomes in the water balance equation for any natural area or water body is Evapotranspiration and it is also a crucial component of the hydrologic cycle. In attaining this, monthly data on temperature (T) and rainfall (P) were obtained from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) twelve remotely sensed stations around Kaduna State for thirty-seven years from 1984 to 2021. Thornthwaite and Mather Water Balance (WB) model was used to estimate WB components i.e., soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (AET), Water surplus (S) and Runoff (R). Kaduna State was divided into three sub-basins and the result shown peak of R generally occurs during the wet season (i.e., June through November across the three catchment areas) most especially at Kaduna central catchment area in the month of July (1003.85mm). The study further reveals that the bulk of the rains still occur between these months with the peak being reached in July having the peak of rainy season for the three catchment areas with Galma-1378.21mm, Kaduna Central-1443.82mm and Mada- 814.05mm respectively. The area is relatively dry in the months of November–April and has water deficit while Soil moisture recharge takes place from early May to August and mid-May to December is the period of water surplus across the catchment areas. The result of this study provides a reference information on water balance distribution in Kaduna State and utilization for...","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"366 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. I. Gambari, Samuel Femi Babatunde, Ojonimi A. John, Raymond U. Akor, S. O. Ogbaje, Stephanie N. Ajuu, Terver S. Tyoapine
{"title":"EFFECTS OF Azadirachta indica, Parkia biglobosa AND SYNTHETIC INSECTICIDES ON Sesamia calamistis (HAMPSON) ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea Mays L.) IN MAKURDI","authors":"L. I. Gambari, Samuel Femi Babatunde, Ojonimi A. John, Raymond U. Akor, S. O. Ogbaje, Stephanie N. Ajuu, Terver S. Tyoapine","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2146","url":null,"abstract":"Zea mays, plays a crucial role in the dietary habits of numerous individuals residing in Nigeria. Several factors, including the presence of Sesamia calmistis and the effects of synthetic insecticides on beneficial insects and hazards to humans, contribute to the limitation of maize output. The study evaluated the effect of Azadirachta indica and Parkia biglobosa extracts on the control of S. calamistis and this experiment was carried out in two planting seasons of 2021 and 2022. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi. Three treatments; A. indica, P. biglobosa, Karate 5 EC (Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC) and control were used. From the study, A. indica extract had a significant effect at p<0.05 on the insect population resulting in a significant increase in the yield parameters which includes the number 100 seed weight of the plant, yield in both 2021 and 2022 planting season with the mean value of 5298.21 and 5428.98 kg/ha respectively. The use of A. indica extract was observed to be effective in the control of insect population and leading to maximum productivity of maize low infestation by observing the maize plant with borers tunnels to be lower in A. indica extracts and Karate 5 EC plots with the mean value of 3.00 and 3.00 in 2021 planting season respectively at p<0.05. The percentage of dead hearts at 60 days after treatment in 2021 and 2022 cropping seasons was significant at p<0.05%, with the control plot having the highest...","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"213 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INCIDENCE OF Listeria monocytogenes FROM DIFFERENT FOOD SAMPLES IN YOLA","authors":"H. Isa, M. S. Pukuma, J. U Ewansiha","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2190","url":null,"abstract":"Listeria monocytogenes causes food-borne listeriosis in humans. Vegetables and animal-based foods facilitate transmission and contamination if mishandled. The research aims to isolate and identify L. monocytogenes from different food samples in the study area. The Food and Drug Administration, Bacteriology and Analytical Methods (FDA, BAM) were utilized to isolate L. monocytogenes. A total of 120 food samples were examined, consisting of 10 samples each of cabbage and fruit salads, as well as 20 samples each of fresh fish, meat, frozen chicken, ice cream, and yoghurt. These samples were purchased at random from various shops and markets in Yola at different times. The identification of isolates was performed using macroscopy, microscopy, biochemical tests, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. Out of the 120 food samples analyzed, 7 (5.8%) yielded growth of L. monocytogenes alongside other Listeria spp., with a high rate of L. monocytogene isolation from frozen chicken (3.5%) and cabbage (2.7%). Raw meat and yoghurt samples also yielded 1 (0.8%) growth of L. monocytogenes each. Through the examination of various food samples, it was identified that L. monocytogenes were present. This can be seen as an opportunity to take proactive measures to ensure the safety of consumers, particularly the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and pregnant women in the study area. Minimizing the potential risk of L. monocytogenes can promote a healthier community.","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"504 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Salim, S. M. Zubairu, M. Isma’il, A. Ahmed, A. W. Hassan, J. Abdulkadir, B. I. Ityonum
{"title":"EXPLORING THE POTENTIALS OF CEREAL FOOD WASTE IN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION","authors":"A. A. Salim, S. M. Zubairu, M. Isma’il, A. Ahmed, A. W. Hassan, J. Abdulkadir, B. I. Ityonum","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2189","url":null,"abstract":"Cereal food waste makes up a significant part of municipal solid waste, and its proper treatment has become an urgent issue due to its increasing generation. In Nigeria, where around 50% of municipal waste is organic, this study focuses on the need for effective waste management. It highlights the negative environmental and economic impacts of improper disposal methods. The study examines the potential of using cereal food waste in anaerobic digestion for biogas production. Cereal food waste was collected from student hostels at the College of Nursing and Midwifery Malumfashi, sorted, and converted into a composite for anaerobic digestion. An anaerobic digester was constructed using a 25-litre plastic container designed for batch loading. The anaerobic digestion process was carried out for 30 days. The results show that a total biogas volume of 14,634 mL was produced during this time. The daily biogas yields varied, reaching its highest point on the 5th day. This finding underscores the importance of addressing food waste in the cereal supply chain to ensure sustainable food production and consumption. The results demonstrate that cereal food waste has significant potential for biogas production, which can contribute to sustainable waste management and help address environmental challenges linked to food waste. Based on these findings, the study recommends promoting the use of biogas technology to improve food waste management, thus enhancing environmental sustainability and supporting economic development.","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"691 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ese Agbe, Obaro Dominic Oghenejabor, Susan Konyeha, Chukwuemeka Chibueze Okolie
{"title":"FACTORS INFLUENCING UNHOLY PRACTICES OF INDISCRIMINATE DUMP SITE IN WARRI-SOUTH, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"Ese Agbe, Obaro Dominic Oghenejabor, Susan Konyeha, Chukwuemeka Chibueze Okolie","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2148","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing number of indiscriminate dump sites in Warri-south in Delta state is worrisome and adversely affecting the living standard and health conditions of its growing populace. This study seeks to investigate the factors that influence unholy practices of indiscriminate waste disposal and to seek appropriate measures for mitigating or curbing this menace. It employs the cross-sectional research methodology. A sample size of 100 respondents from households living in Warri is used while a structured questionnaire with a three Likert scale is the research instrument for data collection. Exploratory Data analysis is employed to extract insights to explain the menace of dump site increase and the factors that significantly influence it. The results show that domestic waste such as food, paper, glass, and plastic waste is on the increase due to key influencing factors such as poor waste management laws, lack of waste facilities, poor training of waste collectors, and household attitudes towards waste disposal. Waste segregation and recycling were countermeasures to address waste disposal.","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"333 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. B. Onwuna, H. O. Stanley, G. O. Abu, O. Immanuel
{"title":"PERCEIVED IMPACT OF SOOT POLLUTION ON RESIDENTS NEAR ARTISANAL CRUDE OIL REFINERIES IN TOMBIA COMMUNITY, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"D. B. Onwuna, H. O. Stanley, G. O. Abu, O. Immanuel","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2194","url":null,"abstract":"Soot pollution arising from artisanal crude oil is on the increase in the Niger Delta. This development is worsening the already fragile ecosystem, occasioned by many years of oil and gas exploration. The implications are adverse environmental health outcomes. This study aimed to assess the perception of the impact of soot pollution among residents near artisanal oil refineries in Tombia Community, Rivers State, Nigeria. Four hundred and twenty (420) questionnaires were administered to residents to find out the perceived impact of soot. Obtained data was analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (chi-square). Respondents were highly knowledgeable on the impact of artisanal crude oil refineries, with 79.9% affirming to that, though only 54.6% attributed the occurrence of soot in the area to artisanal crude oil refineries. The majority (67.3%) felt discomfort when in the building or shortly after using the building. The predominant health complaints by respondents were cough, sneezing, nose irritation, eye irritation and breathing difficulties. The Chi-square result revealed that the age and gender of respondents are significantly associated with the effect of soot pollution (p < 0.05). However, marital status, educational level and period of stay have no significant association with soot effect. During the period of soot pollution, the majority (65%) observed changes in plants. Soot pollution was more evident during the dry season, as reported by 95.4% of respondents. This study has shown that soot pollution adversely affects man and the environment. Artisanal crude oil refining should be fought to a...","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"128 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. A. Henry, O. S. Ogunsola, L. A. Akomolede, B. C. Akinbayo, A. A. Ogundoyin
{"title":"BIOMASS ASSESSMENT OF Adansonia digitata SEEDLINGS AS INFLUENCED BY VARYING DEGREES OF MOISTURE APPLICATION UNDER SCREENHOUSE CONDITION","authors":"C. A. Henry, O. S. Ogunsola, L. A. Akomolede, B. C. Akinbayo, A. A. Ogundoyin","doi":"10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2182","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":479809,"journal":{"name":"Fudma Journal of Sciences","volume":"528 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}