Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Facial Morphometry of the Mwaghavul Ethnic Group in Plateau State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Gudaji, L.Y. Panshak","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.14","url":null,"abstract":"The face is the most striking feature which distinguishes an individual. Human body dimensions are affected by ecological, biological,  geographical, racial, gender, age and nutritional factors. Anthropometrics vary from tribe to tribe, and from race to race and, also differs  amongst different age groups and between the two sexes of a given population. The aim of the study was to determine the facial  morphometry of the Mwaghavul ethnic group of Plateau State, Nigeria. The objectives were to determine facial dimensions, facial index  and facial types of Mwaghavul ethnic group. Four hundred and five (405) participants (231, males; 174, females) aged 18-30 years were  involved in this study. The study was carried out on Mwaghavul students of College of Education Gindiri, Mangu LGA of Plateau State in  Nigeria. The photographic setup consisted of a tripod stand and digital camera. The participants were positioned at a distance of 120 cm  from the camera. The camera was raised to the ear level of the participants to provide good quality of image and to prevent distortion of  the face. The photographs were captured at a standard resolution of 12.1 megapixels. A digital vernier caliper was then used to measure  the facial linear dimensions. The photographic records were analysed using a bioanalyser (version 6). The program was customized with  the landmarks used in this study. Facial width higher in females than in males (p=0.047) while facial and lower facial indices were higher  in males than in females (p<0.001) respectively. The facial type of Mwaghavul ethnic group was found to be dominantly hyperleptoprosopic in both sexes. These variations were possibly due to age, inter- and intra-ethnic, nutritional, socio-economic, genetic,  gender, racial and climatic factors ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Patients’ Satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Services rendered in Staff Clinic, of Tertiary Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State","authors":"M. Osarenmwinda, Oluwabusayo Abolarin, Joseph Ole","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.20","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of patients’ satisfaction on various matters concerning healthcare services provides insight about the drawbacks of  different healthcare systems. The study aimed at assessing the level of patients’ satisfaction with pharmacy services in staff clinic of  tertiary hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State. In a cross-sectional study, data on the level of satisfaction with the pharmacy services among 130 patients who had their prescriptions filled at the pharmacy clinic during the period of April to October, 2019 was collected using a  validated adopted structured instrument. The data collected was entered into and analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences  (SPSS) version 20. Analyses were descriptive and inferential, and results were considered significant at P < 0.05. Very many (80.8%) of the  respondents had frequent patronage of the pharmacy, with majority (76.9%) which sought services for themselves, and 80.0% were  registered on National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). The overall mean score, the respondents gave to satisfaction with pharmacy  services was 3.31. There was above average structure and process mean score (> 3) with respect to gender, patronage, payment status  and services sought for self or others. Services sought for self, was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the process mean score. There  was a positive correlation between mean overall satisfaction score and mean structure as well as process satisfaction score (r value is 0.  717 and 0.986 respectively with P < 0.0001). The overall mean patient satisfaction with services rendered is above average. The mean  process satisfaction score contributed more to the overall satisfaction score than the mean structure satisfaction score, and both aspects  correlated positively with the overall satisfaction score. ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Supplements Improved Fasting Blood Glucose Level and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Diabetic Wistar Rats","authors":"Shuaibu Salisu, Aliyu S. Bababa, Zainab A. Abdullahi, Abdulhamid M. Usman, Sulaiman A. Sulaiman, Adamu H. Garkuwa, Murtala M. Jibril, A. A. Ladan, Usman A. Garkuwa","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.21","url":null,"abstract":"Turmeric is a spice derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (C. longa) which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae).  Curcuma longa is widely used for food spices, preservatives, and coloring agents. Anxiety disorders are the most frequently occurring  mental disorders, they encompass a group of conditions that share extreme or pathological anxiety as the principal disturbance of mood  or emotional tone. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of C. longa supplements on fasting blood glucose levels and anxiety-like  behavior in diabetic Wistar rats. Twenty (20) rats were randomly assigned into five (5) groups of four each (N=4). Group I served as  control and received distilled water (1 ml/kg), groups II, III, IV and V were diabetic and received glibenclamide (1mg/kg), and C. longa  supplements at 2.5%, 5% and 10% respectively. Diabetes was induced using intraperitoneal injection of freshly dissolved alloxan  monohydrate (150 mg/kg). All administrations were made for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose levels and anxiety-like behavior were  determined using a digital glucometer and elevated plus maze test respectively. Based on the results obtained from this study, there was  significant (p < 0.05) improvement in fasting blood glucose levels across all supplemented doses of C. longa (2.5%, 5% and 10% at 9.33 ±  0.46 mmol/L, 11.20 ± 0.68 mmol/L and 11.00 ± 0.40 mmol/L respectively) compared to control group (18.13 ± 1.28 mmol/L). Time spent in  the opened arm was also increased significantly (p < 0.05) in 5% (18.25 1.18 s) and 10% (19.25 1.49 s) groups after 21 days of  supplementation compared to before the commencement of supplementation (9.75 ± 1.11 s and 10.25 ± 1.49 s respectively). These findings suggested that the C. longa supplement improved fasting blood glucose and anxiety-like behavior in diabetic Wistar rats.  ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"32 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacogenomics as a Tool in Addressing Genetic VariationDependent Adverse Drug Reactions","authors":"O. Anunobi","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1b.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1b.5","url":null,"abstract":"Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a cause of discontinuing drug development and withdrawal from market, as well as a very common  source of morbidity and mortality. Genetic variables may be the primary predictor of drug response for certain medications, but they are  estimated to account for 15– 30% of the variability in drug response. Many factors can contribute to adverse drug reactions, including  genetics and drug targeting/delivery. Genetic markers, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug-metabolizing enzymes,  drug targets, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes, have been associated with an increased risk of ADRs. Pharmacogenomics is  the study of the genetic variation in the way that different people react to different pharmaceuticals, including variations in the risk of  adverse drug reactions, dose requirements, and efficacy. The implementation of genetic data for predicting responses to medications  and ADRs is becoming a reality in clinical practice, offering the potential to reduce the incidence of ADRs and improve patient outcomes.  As pharmacogenomic research continues to advance, it holds great promise for enhancing drug safety and efficacy, ultimately leading to  more tailored and effective therapeutic interventions. ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"55 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Assessment of Bottomland Resources Influenced by Waste Disposal","authors":"S.L. Adebisi, S.A. Adebayo, I.H. Oladebeye","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1b.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1b.31","url":null,"abstract":"In Ile-Oluji, Nigeria, issues with waste disposal brought on by population growth have resulted in contamination of the bottomland  resources that sustain humankind. Random soil samples were taken from a solid dumpsite and its adjacent closed bottomland at depths  of 0–15, 15–30, and 30–75 cm and analyzed in the laboratory. Soil texture, soil moisture content (MC), porosity, bulk density, pH, electrical  conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na) were measured. Also examined  was the concentration of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and manganese (Mn) in  the samples. Soil moisture content (MC), porosity, bulk density, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 8.52 to 16.08%, 30.14 to  51.19%, 1.16 to 1.46 g/cm3, 6.98 to 7.58, and 299.82 to 432.61 μS/cm, respectively. The concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals (OC,  K, Ca, Mg, and Na) and (Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Cr, and Mn) in the soil samples collected from the solid waste dumpsite and bottomland ranged respectively from 2.13–3.10%,, 3.98–6.57, 5.08–8.11, 5.41–7.11, and 0.98–2.61 Cmol/kg, and 6.83– 29.04, 0.00–0.35, 0.41–3.92, 0.89–3.46,  0.00–0.63, and 13.74–74.38 mg/kg. The highest concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals were found in the soil sample collected from  the solid waste dumpsite between 0 and 15 cm of soil depth, and it was closely followed by the sample obtained from the bottomland at the same soil depth compared to other locations. The concentration of heavy metals did not exceed the limits established  by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), but persistent dumping of waste in the area  may eventually increase the concentration of heavy metals beyond the acceptable limit. There is a need for the locals to be aware that the  growing of crops on dumpsites and closed adjacent bottomland due to its fertility status could result in the uptake of heavy metals  and eventually end up in human or animal bodies. A measure to avoid dumping waste close to the bottomland should be put in place by  ensuring the immediate construction of a standard environmental sanitary dumpsite in combination with the waste recycling strategy in  the study area. ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"99 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Models for Estimation of Diffuse Solar Radiation for Warri, Nigeria","authors":"D. Akpootu, S. I. Salifu","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.7","url":null,"abstract":"This study utilized a 22-year dataset (2001-2022) comprising monthly average daily global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation, relative  humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, and mean temperature for Warri (Latitude 5.52 oN, Longitude 5.73 oE and 6.10 m above sea  level). Nineteen models, categorized into modified Page, Liu, and Jordan models; clearness index and one variable models; two variable  models; three variable models; and four variable models, were developed and statistically tested using the following validation indices of  Mean Bias Error (MBE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Percentage Error (MPE), t-test, and coefficient of determination (R2).  Among the models, the linear page model from the modified Page, Liu, and Jordan category, the model that relates the diffuse solar  radiation with clearness index and mean temperature for clearness index and one variable models, the model that relates wind speed  and atmospheric pressure for two variable models, and the model that relates wind speed, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity  for three variable models were found more appropriate. Upon ranking the best-performing models from each category, the model that  relates that diffuse solar radiation with clearness index and mean temperature performed best as the most suitable model for estimating  diffuse solar radiation in Warri. ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140660378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical Properties of Locally Processed Shea Butter (Vitellaria paradoxa) from Parts of Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"Abubakar Abdulmumeen, Hafsat Muhammad Oladunni, Habiba Maikudi Muhammed, N. J. Dadi-Mamud","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1b.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1b.4","url":null,"abstract":"The suitability of shea butter as a dietary fat is greatly influenced by its physicochemical parameters as well as fatty acid composition.  Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the physicochemical and fatty acid composition of shea butter sampled from three  vegetational zones; Zone A (Agaie and Lapai Local Government Areas Coordinates) Zone B (Suleja and Gurara Local Government Areas) Zone C (Kontagora and Magama Local Government Areas in Niger State. The physicochemical parameters which include; colour,  moisture, pH, oil yield, acid value, peroxide and saponification were analyzed according to standard methods. Results obtained showed  that the colour of the shea butter from the 3 zones were orange/yellow. Moisture content ranged between 2.07±0.21 and 2.40±0.21; pH  values ranged between 5.27±0.14 and 5.34±0.14; Oil yield ranged from 52.76±4.27 and 56.12±4.27; Acid values ranged from 2.47±2.61 to  3.77±2.61. Saponification ranged between 183.51±0.09 and 193.57±0.09; Peroxide values ranged between 0.54±0.38 and 1.04±0.38  respectively. There were significant and non-significant differences in the values of all the physicochemical parameters sampled from the  3 zones (p<0.05). Fatty acid composition revealed that the values of Oleic, linoleic, palmitic and arachidic ranged between 48.65±1.23 and  52.78±0.74; 7.24±1.21 and 8.30±1.30; 6.43±0.24 and 7.35±1.26; 0.63±0.11 and 0.84±0.08 respectively. The parameters assessed compared  favourably with the reports from previous studies, indicating that the shea butter could serve as a source of food to the rural dwellers.  ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140660640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Ecology of Diatoms in Relation to Environmental Variables in Landzu River Bida Niger State Nigeria","authors":"A.Z. Mohammed, S.B. Adama, A.S. Adamu, Y. I. Auta, Y.M. Mohammed","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.23","url":null,"abstract":"Diatoms are widely utilised as excellent environmental indicators due to their ability to react to a wide range of physical, chemical, and  biological changes that take place in the aquatic environment. This study was carried out to investigate some aspects of the ecology of  diatoms in relation to environmental variables in Landzu River Bida, Niger state Nigeria. Samples were collected from five (5) sampling station and analysed using standard methods and procedures. The results show water temperature (23.63±2.18-25.75±0.25°C), Water  depth (23.76±4.87-36.32±3.21cm), Flow velocity ranged (0.011±0.00-0.182±0.01), Water pH (7.28±0.37-7.48±0.35), Transparency  (20.50±0.15- 22.01±0.31cm), Electrical conductivity (118.95±0.21-144.6±0.23 µS/cm). Dissolved oxygen concentration (6.4±0.50-7.70±0.19  mg/l), the Biochemical oxygen demand (2.14±0.23-2.55±0.26mg/l), total hardness (30.5±3.19-31.26±2.8.33mg/l), alkalinity  (13.83±0.74-14.00±0.71mg/l), Nitrate (0.014±0.00-0.035±0.00mg/l), Phosphate (0.028±0.01 to 0.03±0.00mg/l) the total dissolved solids (111.86±1.49 to 131.18±1.90), Magnesium (0.018±0.01-0.053±0.00mg/l), Zinc (12.02±9.00-23.45±3.00 mg/l), Nickel (4.90±0.45-5.51±0.52mg/ l), Lead (0.44±0.07-1.84±0.04mg/l) and Manganese (12.58±1.30-19.43±2.70 mg/l). All the physicochemical variables measured show no  significant (p>0.05) difference between the sampling stations except depth, flow velocity, dissolved oxygen, phosphate and total dissolved  solids which differ significantly (p<0.05) among the sampling stations while all the heavy metal differs significantly (p<0.05)  between the sampling stations except magnesium and nickel. A total of 2499 individual organisms from 25 species were identified.  Station 2 had the highest number of individuals with 561 organisms, followed by station 5 with 511 organisms while station 4 had 505  organisms. Station 1 had 481 organisms, while station 3 had the lowest with 441 organisms. The study shows diatom assemblage is  influenced by human activities. ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"29 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Solar Irradiance and Temperature on The Pll-Synchronized Inverter Within Grid-Connected PV Systems","authors":"A. A. Sisa, M.H. Ali, A.B. Ahmed","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.22","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the influence of solar irradiance and temperature on αβPLL synchronized inverters by investigating their intricate  relationship within grid-connected PV systems. The intermittent nature of the DC side of these systems can significantly impact their  performance. However, the extent of this impact remains uncertain when employing the stationary reference frame PLL (αβPLL)  algorithm for synchronization with the utility grid. Employing simulation in MATLAB 2020a and a Model Based Design approach in the  Simscape toolbox of SIMULINK, we conducted this investigation through two test scenarios: one with constant solar irradiance and  varying temperature, and the other with varying solar irradiance and constant temperature. Our results indicate that fluctuations in solar  irradiance and temperature have minimal effects on the output parameters of grid-connected PV systems when synchronized with the  stationary reference frame PLL (αβPLL) algorithm. This conclusion is supported by the total harmonic distortion values, which all fall  within the specified limits of IEEE Standard 929- 2000. These findings underscore the potential of αßPLL synchronization as a promising  technique, capable of effectively synchronizing grid inverters even in the presence of DC input distortion. This proficiency in grid  integration holds promise for enhancing the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid, thereby bolstering power availability  for household distribution. ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Nutraceutical Potential of Ziziphus spina Christi and Parkia biglobosa Fruits","authors":"M. Bashir, L.U. Bashir, S.G. Salma, U.S. Abubakar, S. Abdullahi, A.M. Yamani","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i1c.27","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of Zizipus spina christi and Parkia biglobosa fruits in Kano state Northern Nigeria is increasing daily, due to their huge  amount of some minerals, vitamins and antioxidant content. Comparative analysis of these minerals and proximate composition will  showcase their health and nutritional benefits. This study aimed to compare the proximate composition of Z. spina christi and P. biglobosa fruits. The proximate analysis shows that some parameters (ash, crude fiber and moisture content) were significantly (p<0.05)  higher in the fruit of P. biglobosa when compared to Zizipus spina christi fruit [(5.76±0.17 % and 3.15±0.12 %), (12.35±0.46 % and  5.59±0.16 %), (3.16±0.05 % and 1.99±0.02 %) respectively], while other parameters such as crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrate  content were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the fruit of Z. spina christi when compared to P. biglobosa fruit [(13.23±0.60 % and 11.09±0.60  %), (75.80±0.10 % and 67.53± 0.09 %), (0.14±0.01 % and 0.13± 0.01 %) respectively]. Also, the mineral composition were also  analyzed; potassium (250.72± 0.03 mg/kg), magnesium (47.04± 0.04 mg/kg), iron (12.77± 1.02 mg/kg), manganese (2.26± 0.55 mg/kg) and  sulfur (1.92± 0.12 mg/kg) were found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher in the fruit of P. biglobosa when compared to Zizipus spina  christi fruit, while calcium (177.72± 0.07 mg/kg), zinc (2.53± 0.08 mg/kg) and phosphorus (10.85± 0.13 mg/kg) were found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher in the fruit of Zizipus spina christi when compared to P. biglobosa fruit. The present study showed that the  fruits of both trees contains important mineral and proximate composition; therefore, they could be utilized as raw materials in food and  pharmaceutical industries.             ","PeriodicalId":479620,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"96 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}