I Niles Zoschke, Alejandro Betancur, Sara Ehsan, Jill D TenHaken, Justin R Rahman, Kim King-Tezino, Megan Kramer-Najjar, Carlos A Bravo, J Michael Wilkerson
{"title":"SWOT Analysis and Recommendations for Community Health Workers and Stakeholders Responding to COVID-19 Health Inequities.","authors":"I Niles Zoschke, Alejandro Betancur, Sara Ehsan, Jill D TenHaken, Justin R Rahman, Kim King-Tezino, Megan Kramer-Najjar, Carlos A Bravo, J Michael Wilkerson","doi":"10.1177/15248399231201131","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231201131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background.</i> By 2023, 1,080,000 cases of COVID-19 have been reported in Harris County. Systemic inequity and vaccine hesitancy have contributed to COVID-19 disparities. Community Health Workers provide health education and instrumental support to alleviate health disparities among vulnerable communities. We conducted an analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis in June 2022 among a broad coalition of Community Health Work stakeholders to better understand the local landscape in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. <i>Methods.</i> We recruited 33 community health workers and industry stakeholders in Harris County, Texas, to participate in the SWOT analysis. Participants were asked to describe their opinions on the SWOT facing the Community Health Work landscape and then rank the outcomes of the analysis to prioritize action. <i>Results.</i> A total of 19 themes were identified. Weaknesses included lack of respect and resources for Community Health Workers and poor coordination and capacity among the workforce infrastructure. Limited funding and lack of appreciation for Community Health Workers were deemed important threats. Diversity and community connection were critical strengths, and strong education, training, and raising awareness for community health work were considered opportunities to overcome identified weaknesses and threats. <i>Discussion.</i> Increased funding, greater coordination, greater respect, and amplified training can improve capacity for Community Health Workers and, therefore, improve public health outcomes for respiratory illness and viral infections such as COVID-19. This analysis helps fill an important research gap on the topic Community Health Workers responding to public health crises with racially disparate outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Grice-Jackson, Imogen Rogers, Elizabeth Ford, Harm Van Marwijk, Catherine Topham, Geofrey Musinguzi, Hilde Bastiaens, Linda Gibson, Mark Bower, Papreen Nahar
{"title":"The Pre-Implementation Phase of a Project Seeking to Deliver a Community-Based CVD Prevention Intervention (SPICES-Sussex): A Qualitative Study Exploring Views and Experience Relating to Intervention Development.","authors":"Thomas Grice-Jackson, Imogen Rogers, Elizabeth Ford, Harm Van Marwijk, Catherine Topham, Geofrey Musinguzi, Hilde Bastiaens, Linda Gibson, Mark Bower, Papreen Nahar","doi":"10.1177/15248399231182139","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231182139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background.: </strong>Community-led health care interventions may be an effective way to tackle cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, especially in materially deprived communities where health care resources are stretched and engagement with institutions is often low. To do so effectively and equitably, interventions might be developed alongside community members through community engagement.</p><p><strong>Objectives.: </strong>The aim of this project was to carry out stakeholder mapping and partnership identification and to understand the views, needs, experiences of community members who would be involved in later stages of a community-based CVD prevention intervention's development and implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods.: </strong>Stakeholder mapping was carried out to identify research participants in three communities in Sussex, United Kingdom. A qualitative descriptive approach was taken during the analysis of focus groups and interviews with 47 participants.</p><p><strong>Findings.: </strong>Three themes were highlighted related to intervention design (a) Management: the suitability of the intervention for the community, management of volunteers, and communication; (b) Logistics: the structure and design of the intervention; and (c) Sociocultural issues, the social and cultural expectations/experiences of participants and implementers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.: </strong>Study participants were open and willing to engage in the planned community-based intervention, particularly in elements of co-design and community-led delivery. They also highlighted the importance of sociocultural factors. Based on the findings, we developed recommendations for intervention design which included (but were not limited to): (a) a focus on a bottom-up approach to intervention design, (b) the recruitment of skilled local volunteers, and (c) the importance of fun and simplicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9699148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathleen Holmes, Margaret Gutierrez-Nkomo, John Donovan, Brian J Manns, Stephanie Griswold, Regina Edwards, Stephen A Flores, Amy Parker Fiebelkorn
{"title":"Operationalizing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vaccinate With Confidence Framework During the COVID-19 Emergency Response in the United States.","authors":"Kathleen Holmes, Margaret Gutierrez-Nkomo, John Donovan, Brian J Manns, Stephanie Griswold, Regina Edwards, Stephen A Flores, Amy Parker Fiebelkorn","doi":"10.1177/15248399231188106","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231188106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In December 2020, 11 months after identifying the first laboratory-confirmed case of COVID-19 in the United States, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorized emergency use of two COVID-19 vaccines. To prepare the public for a large-scale vaccination campaign and build confidence in COVID-19 vaccines, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded more than 200 partners and developed a national Vaccinate with Confidence (VwC) COVID-19 framework to support Americans in their decision to get vaccinated. The evolving nature of the pandemic and highly variable confidence in vaccines across populations has resulted in many unique complexities and challenges to reaching universally high vaccination coverage. Here, we describe how 23 professional health associations and national partner organizations, focused solely on building vaccine confidence, operationalized CDC's VwC COVID-19 framework from February 2021 to March 2022. Capturing how partners deployed and adapted their activities to meet a shifting pandemic landscape, which began with high demand for vaccines that waned over time, is an important first step to understanding how this new strategy was utilized and could be implemented for future surges in COVID-19 cases and other routine immunization efforts. Going forward, evaluation of partner activities should be prioritized to capture learnings and assess VwC program effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11334055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9908310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jill Sonke, Alexandra K Rodriguez, Aaron Colverson, Seher Akram, Nicole Morgan, Donna Hancox, Caroline Wagner-Jacobson, Virginia Pesata
{"title":"Defining \"Arts Participation\" for Public Health Research.","authors":"Jill Sonke, Alexandra K Rodriguez, Aaron Colverson, Seher Akram, Nicole Morgan, Donna Hancox, Caroline Wagner-Jacobson, Virginia Pesata","doi":"10.1177/15248399231183388","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231183388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arts participation has been linked to positive health outcomes around the globe. As more research is taking place on this topic, there is heightened need for definitions for the complex concepts involved. While significant work to define \"arts participation\" has taken place in the arts sector, less work has been undertaken for the purpose of researching the arts in public health. This study developed a definition for \"arts participation\" to guide a national arts in public health research agenda and to advance and make more inclusive previous work to define the term. A convergent mixed-methods study design with sequential elements was used to iteratively develop a definition that integrated the perspectives of field experts as well as the general public. Literature review was followed by four iterative phases of data collection, analysis, and integration, and a proposed definition was iteratively revised at each stage. The final definition includes modes, or ways, in which people engage with the arts, and includes examples of various art forms intended to frame arts participation broadly and inclusively. This definition has the potential to help advance the quality and precision of research aimed at evaluating relationships between arts participation and health, as well as outcomes of arts-based health programs and interventions in communities. With its more inclusive framing than previous definitions, it can also help guide the development of more inclusive search strategies for evidence synthesis in this rapidly growing arena and assist researchers in developing more effective survey questions and instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9934257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbara L Brush, Barbara Israel, Chris M Coombe, Shoou-Yih D Lee, Megan Jensen, Eliza Wilson-Powers, Adena Gabrysiak, P Paul Chandanabhumma, Elizabeth Baker, Marita Jones, Laurie Lachance
{"title":"The Measurement Approaches to Partnership Success (MAPS) Questionnaire and Facilitation Guide: A Validated Measure of CBPR Partnership Success.","authors":"Barbara L Brush, Barbara Israel, Chris M Coombe, Shoou-Yih D Lee, Megan Jensen, Eliza Wilson-Powers, Adena Gabrysiak, P Paul Chandanabhumma, Elizabeth Baker, Marita Jones, Laurie Lachance","doi":"10.1177/15248399231206088","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231206088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Partnerships that effectively engage in certain key structural and process functions are more likely to meet their research goals and contribute to longer-term health equity outcomes. Ongoing evaluation of partnerships' level of achievement of these key functions, along with their fidelity to the guiding principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR), is therefore essential to understand how they can achieve desired partnership outcomes. This article describes the validated Measurement Approaches to Partnership Success (MAPS) Questionnaire and the use of an accompanying Facilitation Guide in helping members of CBPR partnerships evaluate their partnership's state of development and interpret findings to improve its structure, processes, and outcomes. We describe the conceptual framework guiding the development of the MAPS Questionnaire and its 81-item across seven key outcome dimensions, along with 28 items measuring precursor characteristics of CBPR partnership outcomes. The Facilitation Guide provides general guidelines for sharing, interpreting, and applying results within partnerships using a participatory process, definitions and items for each dimension, an example of presenting summary means, and dimension-specific reflective questions for discussion. We offer recommendations for practical uses of the MAPS Questionnaire and Facilitation Guide. Whether used as a comprehensive tool or by dimension, the MAPS Questionnaire is conceptually sound and empirically validated for evaluating how CBPR partnerships can achieve long-standing success. CBPR partnerships at any stage of development will find the MAPS Questionnaire and Facilitation Guide useful in measuring and interpreting indicators of partnership success, sharing results, and improving their ability to contribute to achieving health equity goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Community-Defined Approach to Address Trauma Among Cambodian Immigrants and Refugees.","authors":"Parichart Sabado, Kimthai Kuoch, Susana Sngiem, Vattana Peong, Ladine Chan, Chan Hopson, Tongratha Veng, Gary Colfax, Lavyn Tham, Amina Sen-Matthews, Virak Ung, Pearun Tieng, Crystal Siphan, Jessica Dance, Kyle Chang, Jasmine Doxey, Jefferson Wood, Laura D'Anna","doi":"10.1177/15248399231184450","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231184450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asian American and Pacific Islanders are one of the fastest growing and most diverse groups in the United States. Yet, they are often aggregated as a single group, masking within-group differences in rates of disease and demographic characteristics commonly associated with elevated health risk. While more than four decades have passed since the Khmer Rouge genocide, Cambodians continue to experience trauma-related psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression. Funded by the California Department of Public Health Office of Health Equity, the Community Wellness Program (CWP) aimed to reduce mental health disparities among Cambodians in Long Beach and Santa Ana, California, using community-defined approaches. The 6-month program comprised community outreach, educational workshops, strengths-based case management, and social and spiritual activities. Our study aimed to examine the effects of the CWP on trauma symptoms. Program evaluation followed an incomplete stepped wedge waitlist design with two study arms. A linear mixed models analysis revealed that participants reported fewer trauma symptoms as a result of participation in the CWP and that participants experienced fewer symptoms over time. This is an especially important finding, as trauma can lead to long-term individual health effects and to social and health repercussions on an entire cultural group by way of intergenerational trauma. As the number of refugees and displaced individuals continues to grow, there is an urgent need for programs such as the CWP to prevent the lasting effects of trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9860950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer C Molokwu, Alok Dwivedi, Adam Alomari, Navkiran Shokar
{"title":"Effectiveness of a Breast Cancer Education Screening and NavigaTion (BEST) Intervention among Hispanic Women.","authors":"Jennifer C Molokwu, Alok Dwivedi, Adam Alomari, Navkiran Shokar","doi":"10.1177/15248399221135762","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399221135762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the United States, breast cancer remains one of the most diagnosed cancers among females and remains the second leading cause of cancer death. In addition, breast cancer is most likely diagnosed at an advanced stage among Hispanic females in the United States due to lower mammogram utilization.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a multilevel, multicomponent community-based breast cancer screening intervention called the Breast Cancer Education Screening and NavigaTion (BEST) program. The primary outcome was the completion of a screening mammogram 4 months post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a pragmatic approach for evaluation, utilizing a quasi-experimental delayed intervention design. We recruited women from the community aged between 50 and 75, uninsured or underinsured, and overdue for screening.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six hundred participants were recruited (300 intervention and 300 control). Among completers, the screening rate was 97% in the intervention group and 4.4% in the control group (RR = 22.2, 95% CI: 12.5-39.7, <i>p</i> < .001). In multivariable analysis, age ≥ 65 (RR = 1.29, <i>p</i> = .047), perceived benefits (RR = 1.04, <i>p</i> = .026), curability (RR = 1.24, <i>p</i> < .001), subjective norms (RR = 1.14, <i>p</i> = .014), and fatalism (RR = .96, <i>p</i> = .004) remained significantly associated with screening outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A multicomponent, bilingual, and culturally tailored intervention effectively facilitated breast cancer screening completion in an underserved population of Hispanic women. Individuals with improved screening outcomes were more likely to have higher positive beliefs. Our study has important implications regarding using multicomponent interventions in increasing breast cancer screening completion in poorly screened populations. It also highlights differences in health belief motivation for breast cancer screening completion.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10524906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annika Claire Sweetland, Claudio Gruber Mann, Maria Jose Fernandes, Fatima Virginia Siqueira de Menezes Silva, Camila Matsuzaka, Maria Cavalcanti, Sandra Fortes, Afranio Kritski, Austin Y Su, Julio Cesar Ambrosio, Bianca Kann, Milton L Wainberg
{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Integrating Depression Treatment Within a TB Program and Primary Care in Brazil.","authors":"Annika Claire Sweetland, Claudio Gruber Mann, Maria Jose Fernandes, Fatima Virginia Siqueira de Menezes Silva, Camila Matsuzaka, Maria Cavalcanti, Sandra Fortes, Afranio Kritski, Austin Y Su, Julio Cesar Ambrosio, Bianca Kann, Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.1177/15248399231183400","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231183400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) and depression is common and is associated with poor TB outcomes. The World Health Organization End TB Strategy explicitly calls for the integration of TB and mental health services. Interpersonal Counseling (IPC) is a brief evidence-based treatment for depression that can be delivered by non-mental health specialists with expert supervision. The goal of this study was to explore potential barriers and facilitators to training non-specialist providers to deliver IPC within the TB Control Program and primary care in Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro state. Data collection consisted of six focus groups (n = 42) with health professionals (n = 29), program coordinators (n = 7), and persons with TB (n = 6). We used open coding to analyze the data, followed by deductive coding using the Chaudoir multi-level framework for implementation outcomes. The main structural barriers identified were poverty, limited access to treatment, political instability, violence, and social stigma. Organizational barriers included an overburdened and under-resourced health system with high staff turnover. Despite high levels of stress and burnout among health professionals, several provider-level facilitators emerged including a high receptivity to, and demand for, mental health training; strong community relationships through the community health workers; and overall acceptance of IPC delivered by any type of health provider. Patients were also receptive to IPC being delivered by any type of professional. No intervention-specific barriers or facilitators were identified. Despite many challenges, integrating depression treatment into primary care in Itaboraí using IPC was perceived as acceptable, feasible, and desirable.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10799967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9836911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shemeka Thorpe, Kaylee A Palomino, Natalie Malone, Danelle Stevens-Watkins
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences and Psychological Correlates of Substance Use Disorders Among Black Sexual Minority Women.","authors":"Shemeka Thorpe, Kaylee A Palomino, Natalie Malone, Danelle Stevens-Watkins","doi":"10.1177/15248399231213041","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231213041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on Black sexual minority women's mental health and substance use disorders in adulthood. Secondary data analysis was conducted using N = 149 Black sexual minority women's reports from the Generations Study. Study variables included psychological distress, chronic strains, stressful life events, ACEs, and substance use disorders, including alcohol use disorder and drug use disorder. Quantitative data analysis consisted of descriptives and bivariate correlations. Participants' total ACE scores were positively significantly correlated with increased alcohol misuse, chronic life strains, and stressful life events. Exposure to household interpersonal violence and household mental illness during childhood were significantly correlated with alcohol misuse. Black sexual minority women with ACEs are at higher risk for mental health concerns throughout their lifespan and maladaptive coping strategies (e.g., substance use). Implications for counselors and therapists are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11209836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Jarpe-Ratner, A Bloedel, D Little, M DiPaolo, K Belcher, M Mangiaracina, B Marshall
{"title":"Evaluation of a Mandatory Professional Development on Supporting Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender-Nonconforming Students in Chicago Public Schools.","authors":"Elizabeth Jarpe-Ratner, A Bloedel, D Little, M DiPaolo, K Belcher, M Mangiaracina, B Marshall","doi":"10.1177/15248399231182161","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248399231182161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the reality that LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and others) students remain more likely to experience harm, harassment, and violence at school as well as miss school due to feeling unsafe and the fact that students identifying as transgender, nonbinary, and gender-nonconforming (TNBGNC) are at even greater risk of bullying, harassment, and significant mental health concerns, Chicago Public Schools' (CPS) Office of Student Health and Wellness (OSHW) created a novel professional development (PD) requirement in 2019, entitled \"Supporting Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming Students.\" The PD, a recorded webinar encouraging independent time for reflection and planning, takes an intersectional approach and is required of all CPS staff members across the entire district. A pre- and postevaluation of the PD, guided by the Kirkpatrick model, was completed by 19,503 staff members. The findings from this evaluation show that staff members significantly increased their knowledge, showed statistically significant gain in self-reported skills, and articulated key actions they could take toward sustaining an environment that fosters skill implementation and culture change more broadly. Findings reveal that a culture that supports staff members in learning from their mistakes can help to encourage staff members to employ gender-inclusive behaviors such as asking individuals for their pronouns and using gender-neutral pronouns. This districtwide mandatory PD approach shows value in influencing staff members' thinking and behaviors known to be supportive of TNBGNC students and may serve as a model for other school districts looking to build capacity to support TNBGNC students.</p>","PeriodicalId":47956,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9692837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}