Democratization最新文献

{"title":"The d-word: surveying democracy in America","authors":"Hannah M. Ridge","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2284279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2284279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138601046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elite polarization and democratic backsliding in Tunisia: tracing agency-driven mechanisms","authors":"Adrià Rivera-Escartin","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2284873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2284873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spirit of populism: sacred, charismatic, redemptive, and apocalyptic dimensions","authors":"Daniel Nilsson DeHanas","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2284277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2284277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resisting backsliding: opposition strategies against the erosion of democracy Resisting backsliding: opposition strategies against the erosion of democracy , by Laura Gamboa, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2022, 320 pp., $105(cloth), $34.99(paperback), ISBN: 978-1-00916-408-5","authors":"Benjamin Yoel","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2288622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2288622","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139206937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ideological beasts or effective organizations? Do voters’ views of democracy affect their expectations of political parties?","authors":"Annika Werner, Reinhard Heinisch","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2278709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2278709","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voting out autocrats: evidence from Zambia","authors":"Erin Accampo Hern","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2282621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2282621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Countering autocratization: a roadmap for democratic defence","authors":"Joep van Lit, Carolien van Ham, Maurits J. Meijers","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2279677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2279677","url":null,"abstract":"Many democracies around the world face the challenge of democratic recession and autocratization as democratically elected incumbents increasingly show autocratic tendencies. Existing research has mainly focused on the circumstances under which these autocratizing incumbents erode democracy and on the structural factors explaining the resilience of democratic institutions. Much less is known about the actors within those institutions and when they stand up against the autocratizing incumbent to defend democracy. In this article, we present a novel theoretical framework of democratic defence that focuses on the interaction between the incumbent, institutional elites, and citizens. Developing a two-level model of democratic defence, we show how the democratic defender’s personal interests, repression by the incumbent, the perceived ambiguity of the autocratic action, and the perceived credibility of the democratic defender interact to affect the occurrence of democratic defence. The resulting framework can guide future research on the role of specific actors in defending democracy. We demonstrate the utility of our framework with illustrative case studies of (attempted) democratic defence in Senegal (2011–2012) and Poland (2017–2018). An actor-based approach of democratic defence is crucial to understand what actions domestic and international actors can take to prevent (further) democratic recession.","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tanzania under Magufuli: the personalization of a party-based regime","authors":"Anja Osei, Elisabeth Bruhn","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2273871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2273871","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary research has shown that authoritarian regimes are not static. At the same time, gradual changes are often difficult to detect and the literature has not yet developed convincing tools to identify autocracy-to-autocracy transitions outside the visible ruptures of coups, power transfers, and opposition victories. Building on fieldwork in Tanzania, we show that patterns of rule shifted significantly under Magufuli. Once the model case of a party-based system in Africa, we argue that Tanzania should be reclassified as a party-personalist regime for the time of his presidency. The basis for his success lies in the increasing factional tensions within the CCM which gave him the power to act as the arbiter and to manipulate party institutions and nominations to his favour. Beyond providing a thick description of a single case, we address the theoretical and empirical challenges of correctly classifying authoritarian regimes.","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dictator’s legionnaires: foreign recruitment, coups, and uprisings","authors":"Marius Mehrl, Abel Escribà-Folch","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2277283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2277283","url":null,"abstract":"Several countries recruit foreign nationals into their armed forces. This is despite the norm of citizen armies and the strong idea that individuals join the military to defend their home country while military service socializes them into good citizens. We argue that foreign recruits can have very specific benefits for some authoritarian governments. Because they lack strong links to society, their loyalties lie with whoever recruited and pays them, not the nation, country, or its citizens. As such, we argue, first, that their recruitment is especially attractive for personalistic rulers. Second, we propose that foreigners’ presence in the armed forces stymies these forces’ ability to carry out coup attempts and deters the occurrence of mass uprisings by signalling the security forces’ willingness to respond with violent repression. Empirical tests for the period 1946–2010 support these arguments. This research expands our understanding of legionnaire recruitment, civil–military relations, and comparative authoritarianism.","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state as a determinant of democracy: durable poor-quality democracies in contemporary Latin America","authors":"Gerardo L. Munck","doi":"10.1080/13510347.2023.2267992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2023.2267992","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article claims that the state and, more precisely, whether the state has a rational-legal or a patrimonial public administration, affects (1) the extent to which democratic standards are met and (2) the costs of abandoning office and the support leaders unwilling to accept electoral defeat can expect to have within the state and their party. Further, this argument is elaborated so as to account for the typical political regime in contemporary Latin America, durable poor-quality democracies. Latin America’s semi-patrimonial states are held to determine this outcome through two mechanisms: selective collusion and political opportunism. The plausibility of the theory about mechanisms is gauged. Additionally, implications for the field of comparative democracy studies are spelled out.KEYWORDS: DemocracyDemocratic erosionStatePatrimonialismLatin America AcknowledgementsFor useful comments on this paper, I thank Lasse Aaskoven, David Andersen, Ana Arjona, Kent Eaton, Lucas González, Ken Greene, Aram Hur, Marko Klašnja, Juan Pablo Luna, Raúl Madrid, Sebastián Mazzuca, Silvia Otero-Bahamonde, Grigore Pop-Eleches, Maria Paula Saffon, Indrajit Roy, Andreas Schedler, Merete Bech Seeberg, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Dan Slater, Richard Snyder, Jakob Tolstrup, Dan Treisman, Maya Tudor and Andrew Yeo.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 O’Donnell, Democracy, Agency, and the State, 155.2 Munck and Luna, Latin American Politics, ch. 3.3 Tocqueville, Democracy in America; Tocqueville, The Ancien Régime.4 O’Donnell, “On the State”; O’Donnell, Democracy, Agency, and the State; Linz, “State Building”; Linz and Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition; Tilly, Democracy.5 Slater, Ordering Power; Norris, Making Democratic Governance; Møller and Skaaning, The State-Democracy Nexus; Berman, Democracy and Dictatorship; Acemoglu and Robinson, The Narrow Corridor; Stasavage, The Decline and Rise of Democracy; Andersen, “The Limits of Meritocracy”.6 Bauer et al., Democratic Backsliding; Haggard and Kaufman, Backsliding, 8.7 Handlin, State Crisis; Mazzuca and Munck, A Middle-quality Institutional Trap; Foweraker, Oligarchy in The Americas.8 O’Donnell, Democracy, Agency, and the State, 4, 13.9 Mazzuca, “Access to Power”; Mazzuca, Latecomer State Formation, 401–3. See also Mazzuca and Munck, A Middle-quality Institutional Trap.10 Tilly, Democracy, ch. 6; Acemoglu and Robinson, The Narrow Corridor, 63–7.11 Weber, Economy and Society, chs. 11–3.12 Haggard and Kaufman, Backsliding, 2; García Holgado and Mainwaring, “Why Democracy Survives,” 531.13 Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, 155.14 O’Donnell, “Illusions about Consolidation,” 39; Schwartz, Undermining the State, 17–8, 21.15 Bobbio, The Future of Democracy, 59–60.16 Bobbio, The Future of Democracy, 20–1, 24–6, 59–60, ch. 7; Dahl, Polyarchy, ch. 1; Dahl, Democracy and its Critics, 112–4, 221–2.17 Cadena-Roa and López Leyva, El malestar; Romero Ballivián, Elecciones","PeriodicalId":47953,"journal":{"name":"Democratization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}