Archive of Applied Mechanics最新文献

{"title":"Extended maximum principal stress (EMPS) criterion for fracture assessment of orthotropic materials with cracks along and across to the fibers","authors":"Ramtin Bakhshayesh Talabi,&nbsp;Sadra Shahsavar,&nbsp;Mahdi Fakoor","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02699-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02699-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, maximum principal stress (MPS) criterion is incorporated into the reinforced isotropic solid (RIS) model to investigate the fracture behavior of orthotropic materials. Cracks are assumed along and across to the fibers in the linear elastic fracture mechanics context. Our experimental observations have shown that in macro point of view cracks in orthotropic materials always occur and grow between the fibers in the isotropic matrix media of orthotropic materials. When the composites are subjected to the pure mode I of loading which is across the fibers, the fibers do not react to the applied load. It means that they do not have effects on load bearing. On the other hand, when the mixed mode I/II of loading is applied to the same material, the fibers play a significant role in load bearing. In the present research, these effects are proposed in the form of reinforcement isotropic solid (RIS) coefficients. Taking an analytical approach, RIS coefficients are embedded into the MPS formulation to obtain the new extended maximum principal stress criterion (EMPS) with high accuracy. For the case of cracks across to the fibers, the crack kinking phenomenon has also been used and proved that when the cracks collide with the fibers, they kink and propagate along the fibers. To validate the proposed criterion, center notch disk tension (CNDT) specimens as appropriate ones for mixed mode I/II fracture test of orthotropic materials are fabricated which can cover the different range of mixed mode I/II loadings. Critical forces range from 452 to 1554 N for cracks along the fibers and 730–2399 N for cracks across the fibers. The fracture limit curves in comparison with the obtained experimental data indicate the compatibility of this criterion with the nature of fracture of the orthotropic materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3861 - 3880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the effective thermal conductivity of composites under the influence of an imperfect interface using a variational asymptotic-based method","authors":"Ahamed Ali N,&nbsp;Pandi Pitchai,&nbsp;P. J. Guruprasad","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02686-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02686-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides a detailed examination of the anisotropic thermal conductivity of a two-phase layered composite material with an imperfect interface. The development of a closed-form solution focuses on using the variational asymptotic method (VAM). Highlighting the one-dimensional periodicity of the unit cell, the study includes reduced thermal conduction at the imperfect interface between the two layers of a laminate. In addition to the VAM approach, the research introduces the finite element method (FEM) for the one-dimensional periodicity of the unit cell, for the reduced thermal conduction at the imperfect interface. Validation of both the derived VAM-based closed-form analytical solutions and the FEM solutions, under identical imperfect interface conditions, has been conducted by comparing the results with those present in the literature. The results show satisfactory agreement. Furthermore, the VAM-based analytical solution is extended to unidirectional composites with similar imperfect interface conditions, predicting effective thermal conductivity. These predictions are validated against various literature models, showing significant agreement, especially with lower-bound models. As a practical application, the closed-form solution derived from VAM is used to investigate the influence of an imperfect interface on thermal conduction with changes in volume fraction, providing valuable insights for practical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3597 - 3624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the notch-induced anomalous growth of short fatigue cracks and the growth of long fatigue cracks with unified phase-field formulas","authors":"Fuming Bao,&nbsp;Junling Fan,&nbsp;Bingzhi Chen,&nbsp;Yanguang Zhao,&nbsp;Xinglin Guo","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02700-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02700-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The notch-induced anomalous growth of short fatigue cracks is investigated by the variational approach to fracture. The phase-field framework is extended to model the notch-induced anomalous growth of short cracks in metal components. The phase-field model is based on (1) the variational principle of fractures in elastic–plastic solids, (2) an elastic-perfectly plastic constitutive model and (3) a fatigue degradation function, with damage driven by plastic work. The notch-induced anomalous growth observed in experiments is reproduced by the present model. Our study suggests that the notch-induced anomalous growth of short fatigue cracks can be correlated with the growth of long fatigue cracks with the unified phase-field model. Furthermore, the plastic work done in the plastic zone ahead of a crack tip can be considered as the unified driving force dominating both the notch-induced anomalous growth of short fatigue cracks and the growth of long fatigue cracks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3881 - 3900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear behavior of rigid, deformable and breakable particles simulated by DS-DEM","authors":"Linyu Shao,&nbsp;Lanhao Zhao,&nbsp;Jia Mao,&nbsp;Xunnan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02702-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02702-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To understand the shear characteristics of particles more comprehensively, the shear behavior of rigid particles, deformable particles, and breakable particles is investigated in this work. The rigid particles are modeled by the spheropolygon-based DEM. The deformable spheropolygon-based discrete element method is employed to study the shear behavior of deformable and breakable particles. Firstly, the influence of different circularization radii on rigid particles is studied. It is found that with a larger circularization radius, the edges and corners of the particles become less pronounced, and the particle shape approaches a circle, resulting in a smaller shear force. Secondly, the shear characteristics of breakable particles are examined. The experimental results indicate that particle fragmentation primarily occurs during the early stages of the shear process. Additionally, under high tensile strength, the impact of particle fragmentation on the mechanical properties of granular materials can be disregarded. Lastly, a comparison of shear forces is conducted among rigid, deformable, and brittle particles. The results show that particles assumed to be rigid generate the highest shear forces. On the contrary, deformable particles undergo deformation during shear, while brittle particles experience breakage, leading to a relatively loose packing and consequently less shear force.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3927 - 3942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced mean-field modelling for impact response of composite laminates incorporating strain rate-dependent matrix behaviour and 3D failure criteria","authors":"Chun Cheng,&nbsp;Zhaobin Zong,&nbsp;Rolf Mahnken","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02684-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02684-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we address the challenge of hidden damages in FRP composites, such as delamination, matrix cracking, and fibre breakage resulting from transverse low-velocity impact (LVI)—damages often elusive on the surface. Our methodology operates at the meso-scale, depicting laminates as stacked homogenized plies incorporating interfaces. To capture the mechanical behaviour and damages, we extend an existing nonlinear mean-field debonding model (NMFDM), accommodating asymmetric matrix plasticity (AAMP), fibre–matrix interface debonding failure, and in-plane progressive failure. In a key enhancement, we introduce a strain rate term to the AAMP model, addressing strain rate effects associated with LVI loading. Additionally, we incorporate a novel strain-driven 3D failure criteria, offering a more precise assessment of progressive failure subjected to LVI loading. The interfaces between plies are modelled using surface-based cohesive behaviour to capture interaction phenomena. To validate the developed NMFDM, we conduct impact simulations at various energies on a UD composite laminate consisting of AS4/8552 carbon fibre and epoxy matrix. These simulations showcase the predictive capability and accuracy of the NMFDM in capturing the intricate behaviour and damage progression of UD composites subjected to LVI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 11","pages":"3573 - 3595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear model of ice surface softening during sliding taking into account spatial inhomogeneity of strain, stress and temperature","authors":"Alexei Khomenko,&nbsp;Denys Lohvynenko,&nbsp;Kateryna Khomenko,&nbsp;Yaroslava Khyzhnya","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02698-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02698-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The model of ice surface softening is represented by a system of three one-dimensional partial differential parabolic equations, taking into account the spatial inhomogeneity. Using one-mode and adiabatic approximations, an analytical soliton solution of a one-dimensional Ginzburg–Landau differential equation for the spatial normal distribution of shear strain to the ice surface is obtained. The analytical form of the numerical procedure for solving the equations, including initial and boundary conditions, is written on the basis of an explicit two-layer difference scheme. The distributions of time and stationary values of static friction force, kinetic friction force and temperature are constructed. Two cases were considered: 1) the upper and lower surfaces move with equal velocities in opposite directions; 2) the upper surface moves along the stationary lower surface. The dependencies of stress, strain and temperature on the coordinate in the normal direction to the surface are determined for different time series. It is shown that a stationary distribution of friction forces and temperature along the thickness of the near-surface ice layer is established with time. The values of the kinetic and static friction forces in the near-surface ice layer increase monotonically with distance from the friction surfaces, while the coordinate dependence of the temperature has a nonmonotonic appearance. The stationary values of the static friction force in the near-surface ice layer decrease with increasing temperature of the friction surfaces, indicating that the surface transforms to a more liquid-like state, while the coordinate dependence has a monotonically increasing form.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3849 - 3859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflection of plane waves in an initially stressed rotating nonlocal micropolar transversely isotropic generalized thermoelastic medium","authors":"Brijendra Paswan,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar,&nbsp;Pooja Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02701-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02701-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study is to investigate the reflection phenomena of plane waves from the free surface of an initially stressed rotating nonlocal micropolar transversely isotropic generalized thermoelastic half-space considering Lord–Shulman (LS) and Green–Lindsay (GL) theory. Closed-form expressions for the phase velocities of reflected quasi-longitudinal displacement (qLD), quasi-transverse displacement (qTD), quasi-transverse microrotation (qTM) and quasi-thermal (qT) waves are derived, and boundary conditions yield a system of algebraic equations to determine reflection coefficients. Energy ratios of the reflected waves are also calculated, and it is observed that the law of conservation of energy holds good in the entire reflection phenomena. Numerical results for phase velocity and reflection coefficients are computed using MATLAB examining the effects of initial stress, rotation and nonlocal parameters. Comparisons between micropolar transversely isotropic thermoelastic (MTIT) and nonlocal micropolar transversely isotropic thermoelastic (NMTIT) media highlight the significant influence of these parameters on wave behavior. The model is validated by reducing the problem to a specific case and matching it with established results. The findings are graphically demonstrated providing new insights into wave propagation in anisotropic micropolar thermoelastic materials and significant influences of initial stress, rotation and nonlocal parameters on phase velocity and reflection coefficients offering insights for geophysical exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3901 - 3925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerothermoelastic behaviors of curvilinear fiber composite panels based on the refined zig-zag theory","authors":"Panpan Hao,&nbsp;Jingbo Duan,&nbsp;Yating Liu,&nbsp;Yihang Gao,&nbsp;Yanmei Yue,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02696-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02696-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aerothermoelastic characteristics of curved fiber composite laminated panels subjected to supersonic airflow are proposed. Based on the refined zig-zag theory, the refined zig-zag theory is adopted to describe the panel and the quasi-steady first-order piston theory is utilized for calculating the aerodynamic force. With considering uniformly distributed temperatures as thermal loads throughout the panel thickness, a finite element method is employed to solve the discretization equation of aerothermoelastic motion using the complex mode method. The validity of this aerothermoelastic model is substantiated through a meticulous comparison of computed results with existing solutions documented in the literature. The maximum error of the present critical flutter dynamic pressure of the curvilinear fiber composite laminates is 0.16% comparing with the literature. Furthermore, different plate theories are investigated to explore aerothermoelastic stability, including flat, critical buckling, and limit cycle oscillation for curvilinear fiber composite laminated panels. Detailed discussions are provided on how curvilinear fiber angle and temperature rise influence natural frequencies and flutter characteristics of composite laminates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3803 - 3823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warping-included mixed FE approach of beating characteristics in functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite spatially curved beams under harmonic excitation force","authors":"Merve Ermis","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02690-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02690-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study is the first in the literature to investigate the beating characteristics of functionally graded graphene platelet reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) spatially curved (helical) beams using a warping-included mixed finite element (W-MFE) formulation. Integrating GPLs into the matrix material significantly increases the strength and load-carrying capacity of GPLRC structures. This addition also allows the tailoring of properties such as stiffness and tensile strength within the composite structure through the FG dispersion of GPLs. In this study, the GPLRC helical beams are modeled with uniform and nonuniform FG gradation patterns through the thickness. The beam is subjected to a uniformly distributed dynamic load characterized by a half-wave rectified sine function. The forced vibration analysis is carried out using the Newmark time integration scheme. A two-noded curved element is utilized with twelve field variables at each node, three displacements, three cross-sectional rotations, three forces, and three moments expressed in the Frenet coordinate frame. Satisfactory results are obtained for the warping-included natural frequency, normal/shear stresses, displacements, and reactional forces of an FG-GPLRC helical beam with lesser degrees of freedom compared to the three-dimensional behavior of brick finite elements. Through the examples, the effect of the distribution patterns and weight fractions of GPL nanofillers, and the pitch angle of the helical beam on the dynamic behavior of the FG-GPLRC semi-circular helical beam under half-rectified sinusoidal dynamic load are studied in detail. By increasing the pitch angle, the oscillation magnitude of displacements and normal stress distributions of the helical beam decreases for non-uniform distribution patterns. The distribution pattern with the GPL-rich mid-part of the cross-section is more affected by the variation of the pitch angle compared to the case where the top and bottom of the cross-section are GPL-rich.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3687 - 3713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation on auxetic angle-ply CFRP composite laminates under low-velocity impact loading","authors":"Reza Saremian,&nbsp;Majid Jamal-Omidi,&nbsp;Jamasb Pirkandi","doi":"10.1007/s00419-024-02687-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00419-024-02687-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Materials with a negative Poisson’s ratio are known as auxetic materials, which are highly desirable for improved resistance to indentation and impact. Angle-ply composite laminates with high anisotropy exhibit auxetic behavior within a specific range of layup angles. In this research, the influence of negative Poisson’s ratio on the mechanical response and the enhancement of the damage behavior of carbon/epoxy composite laminates under low-velocity impact has been numerically investigated. For this purpose, a MATLAB code based on classical lamination theory relationships was developed to determine the range of layup angles to achieve both negative Poisson’s ratio in-plane and through-thickness (out-of-plane). Then, the layups with the most negative through-thickness and in-plane Poisson’s ratio values were selected. Also, two new stacking sequences were investigated so that both of them partially exhibited the characteristic of negative through-thickness and in-plane Poisson’s ratio. The progressive damage model is written and implemented using a computer code in the Abaqus user-material subroutine. The progressive damage model consists of Hashin and Puck failure criteria and the damage evolution model based on the equivalent strain method to predict the initiation and evolution of damage for matrix and fiber. The results indicate that the new laminate configurations have 66% higher effective longitudinal modulus and 173% higher effective transverse modulus compared to the in-plane and through-thickness auxetic ones, respectively. In addition, the proposed configurations showed less overall damage under low-velocity impact loading compared to the auxetic laminates. Based on the investigations, the new configurations with features such as high impact force, low impact time, and low maximum displacement could be suitable for use in structures with a hardwall design approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":477,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Applied Mechanics","volume":"94 12","pages":"3625 - 3646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}