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Peasant farmers and pandemics: the role of seasonality and labor-leisure trade-off decisions in economy-wide models 农民和流行病:季节性和劳动闲暇权衡决策在全经济模型中的作用
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1963684
A. Feuerbacher, S. Mcdonald, K. Thierfelder
{"title":"Peasant farmers and pandemics: the role of seasonality and labor-leisure trade-off decisions in economy-wide models","authors":"A. Feuerbacher, S. Mcdonald, K. Thierfelder","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1963684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1963684","url":null,"abstract":"Pandemics attack the primary asset (labor) of peasant households and the rural poor. Peasant households must simultaneously allocate labor between farm and household activities, where the demand for agricultural labor is seasonal, which limits intra-temporal substitution, without perfect foresight. A pandemic reduces the supply of labor, through deaths and morbidity, with the scale of reductions in labor supply depending on the seasons in which a pandemic occurs. The analyses, using a recursive dynamic economy-wide model for Bhutan, demonstrate that outbreaks in high labor demand seasons cause increases in wage rates almost three times as high as for outbreaks in low labor demand seasons. Increases in wage rates induce peasant households to reallocate labor time between farm and household activities through the labor-leisure trade-off mechanism. Such changes in the allocation of labor time are important elements of peasants’ mitigation responses, and can reduce the negative economic implications of a pandemic.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"491 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45370829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Consumer preferences in CGE models when data are scarce: comparing the linear expenditure and the indirect addilog systems 数据稀缺时CGE模型中的消费者偏好:比较线性支出和间接附加系统
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1964440
P. M. C. De Boer, Jan van Daal, João F. D. Rodrigues
{"title":"Consumer preferences in CGE models when data are scarce: comparing the linear expenditure and the indirect addilog systems","authors":"P. M. C. De Boer, Jan van Daal, João F. D. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1964440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1964440","url":null,"abstract":"The linear expenditure system (LES) is a popular option for modeling consumer preferences in computable general equilibrium (CGE) models when data are scarce, since its underlying functional form is parsimonious in parameters. The goal of this paper is to compare the performance of LES against the indirect addilog system (IAS), a hardly known alternative, in terms of their theoretical properties and in a case study. Both systems are equally easy to implement and require the same information for parameter calibration. IAS, however, offers a richer description of consumer preferences. On the basis of an expenditure survey of Statistics Palestine in 1998, we find overwhelming statistical evidence that the IAS demand equations perform better than those of the LES. Simulations with a CGE model developed for disaster impact analysis applied to the intifada of the early 2000s show that the absolute value of the equivalent variation is larger for IAS than for LES.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"1 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43095279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
How thick is your armour? Measuring economic resilience to shocks in global production networks 你的盔甲有多厚？衡量全球生产网络对冲击的经济弹性
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1958764
Yoshihiro Hashiguchi, Norihiko Yamano, C. Webb
{"title":"How thick is your armour? Measuring economic resilience to shocks in global production networks","authors":"Yoshihiro Hashiguchi, Norihiko Yamano, C. Webb","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1958764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1958764","url":null,"abstract":"When economic shocks occur, whether at home or abroad, economic agents are expected to react to reduce the negative impact or amplify the positive effects. The ability of a country to contain economic losses can be defined as the resilience to economic shocks. Using the OECD’s annual Inter-Country Input–Output (ICIO) tables from 1995 to 2011, this paper investigates the relationship between changes in final demand and production structures for 61 economies. We found that, during economic downturns, countries that are able to prop up the economy through the domestic service sectors instead of domestic goods and foreign sectors are more resilient to negative shocks. Therefore, understanding the substitutability between goods and service sectors and between domestic and foreign sectors is crucial for gauging the potential risk to a country’s domestic economy from shocks abroad – whether economic, environmental, health-related or political.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"410 - 439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43327334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Aggregation error of the material footprint: the case of the EU 材料足迹的汇总误差:以欧盟为例
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1947782
Jan Weinzettel
{"title":"Aggregation error of the material footprint: the case of the EU","authors":"Jan Weinzettel","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1947782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1947782","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The material footprint (raw material consumption) was proposed as a basis for monitoring SDGs 8.4 and 12.2. However, there is no institutionalized procedure providing globally consistent national material footprints. The OECD aims to institutionalize the material footprint through the development of one official inter-country input–output (ICIO) database applicable for its calculation. Inherent to input–output analysis is the aggregation error, which may impair the results. Therefore, in the case of the EU I analyze the aggregation error which can be expected if NACE rev2 classification is utilized for this ICIO database, and investigate the most important disaggregations, depending on the desired focus of the results. I conclude that the disaggregation level should reflect the intended purpose of the RME indicators. For their deeper analysis, and determination of strategies for their decrease, I conclude that NACE rev2 classification is inappropriate, and recommend high disaggregation and utilization of hybrid units.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"320 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47368179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The use of pedometers in the workplace to increase physical activity. 在工作场所使用计步器来增加体育锻炼。
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.12968/bjca.2021.0066
Joanna Harrison, Annette O'Donoghue, James Hill
{"title":"The use of pedometers in the workplace to increase physical activity.","authors":"Joanna Harrison, Annette O'Donoghue, James Hill","doi":"10.12968/bjca.2021.0066","DOIUrl":"10.12968/bjca.2021.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lack of physical activity has a negative impact on health outcomes. This is particularly relevant for desk-based workplaces where sitting for long periods is required. This commentary critically appraises and evaluates a Cochrane systematic review of workplace pedometer programmes for increasing physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7615402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86254484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A scenario-based method for projecting multi-regional input–output tables 一种基于场景的多区域投入产出表投影方法
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1952404
Timothé Beaufils, L. Wenz
{"title":"A scenario-based method for projecting multi-regional input–output tables","authors":"Timothé Beaufils, L. Wenz","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1952404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1952404","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-regional input–output (MRIO) data are a powerful tool to analyze complex interdependencies in the international trade and supply network. Their field of application is however limited by the fact that MRIO datasets are only available for past years whereas the structure of the international trade network has been found to change profoundly over time. We here propose the SPIN method, a simple and flexible algorithm that can project MRIO tables into the future based on transparent scenarios of how gross domestic product and trade relations may evolve in that time. By combining well-established input–output techniques, namely the Leontief quantity model and an RAS-type algorithm, our method provides a straightforward mean to convert quantitative scenarios of the world economy into consistent MRIO tables. We illustrate the functioning of the SPIN method by projecting the evolution of the trade network after the 2008 financial crisis under different alternative scenarios of recovery.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"440 - 468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09535314.2021.1952404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42263765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Modelling the spatial and sectoral benefits of productivity enhancing innovations using a transport oriented multiregional IO framework: the ‘megatruck’ in Spain 利用以运输为导向的多区域IO框架，模拟生产力增强创新的空间和部门效益:西班牙的“巨型卡车”
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-07-22 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1951178
J. Zofío, J. González, Angel M. Prieto, Juan Vicente
{"title":"Modelling the spatial and sectoral benefits of productivity enhancing innovations using a transport oriented multiregional IO framework: the ‘megatruck’ in Spain","authors":"J. Zofío, J. González, Angel M. Prieto, Juan Vicente","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1951178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1951178","url":null,"abstract":"We render operational the model outlined by Carter (1990) via the introduction of the research methods necessary for studying the spatial and sectoral (upstream and downstream) benefits of productivity-enhancing innovations within a real interregional input–output framework. As case study we examine the reduction in production costs derived from the adoption of longer and heavier vehicles in freight road transportation. We exploit a new Spanish regional table including a detailed disaggregation of the transportation sector. The productivity gains at the national level, resulting from a 30% reduction in transport costs, amount to 2.95% of the GVA at market prices. Results show that firms operating in this niche market appropriate most of the gross operation surplus (which increases by 10%), consistent with the existence of market power. The remaining transportation sectors see profits slightly worsened, suggesting limited substitution effects. A high regional heterogeneity exists because of the different input–output structures.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"228 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09535314.2021.1951178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45832068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large-scale multinational shocks and international trade: a non-zero-sum game 大规模跨国冲击与国际贸易:非零和博弈
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1949267
Rossella Bardazzi, L. Ghezzi
{"title":"Large-scale multinational shocks and international trade: a non-zero-sum game","authors":"Rossella Bardazzi, L. Ghezzi","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1949267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1949267","url":null,"abstract":"International trade has improved living standards but has also become a major channel for spreading shocks on a global scale. The increasing relevance of intersectoral linkages and trade in intermediates renewed interest in input–output techniques. This paper enriches the literature on empirical trade models with an input–output/econometric approach including substitution effects and price spillovers. Our model shows that (a) trade elasticities and bilateral shares are not constant in time and differ across sectors and countries; (b) international price changes alter the relative competitiveness between competitors; (c) final demand components such as consumption and investment react to changes in international prices. Large multi-country shocks produce feedback effects in national economies as they adapt by import substitution across exporters, by changing the import content of domestic production and by adjusting final demand. These feedbacks affect the global demand producing an asymmetric non-zero-sum game.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"383 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09535314.2021.1949267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42605021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A GRAS variant solving for minimum information loss: An erratum 求解最小信息损失的GRAS变式:勘误
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1897780
{"title":"A GRAS variant solving for minimum information loss: An erratum","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1897780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1897780","url":null,"abstract":"Junius and Oosterhaven (2003, hereafter J&O) proposed an information-theoretic approach, which they called “GRAS”, to solve the problem of adjusting matrices with negative entries. In Lemelin (2009), I demonstrated that the J&O target function was not equivalent to Kullback-Leibler’s (1951, hereafter K-L) cross-entropy measure. In fact, I reformulated the problem using K-L’s cross-entropy to show that the reformulated problem yields a different solution. In addition, my paper extended the approach to adjustment problems, intractable via GRAS, where row sums, column sums or both are constrained to zero. The world table of country international investment positions (IIP) is an example: the worldwide sum of assets, minus liabilities, of any given category (row sums) must be zero; but individual countries’ net worth, or IIP (column sums), may be positive or negative. I illustrated this in Table 6. Unfortunately, that table was not the one that I used to generate Tables 7 and 8. As a matter of fact, given the sign-preserving property of the adjustment procedure, Table 6 is incompatible with results displayed in Tables 7 and 8. This error was mine. The proper table is now displayed here. All other numerical examples presented in Lemelin (2009) are correct.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"427 - 427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09535314.2021.1897780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45867830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entropy-based Chinese city-level MRIO table framework 基于熵的中国城市级MRIO表框架
IF 2.5 4区 经济学
Economic Systems Research Pub Date : 2021-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2021.1932764
Heran Zheng, Johannes Többen, E. Dietzenbacher, D. Moran, J. Meng, Daoping Wang, D. Guan
{"title":"Entropy-based Chinese city-level MRIO table framework","authors":"Heran Zheng, Johannes Többen, E. Dietzenbacher, D. Moran, J. Meng, Daoping Wang, D. Guan","doi":"10.1080/09535314.2021.1932764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2021.1932764","url":null,"abstract":"Cities are pivotal hubs of socioeconomic activities, and consumption in cities contributes to global environmental pressures. Compiling city-level multi-regional input-output (MRIO) tables is challenging due to the scarcity of city-level data. Here we propose an entropy-based framework to construct city-level MRIO tables. We demonstrate the new construction method and present an analysis of the carbon footprint of cities in China's Hebei province. A sensitivity analysis is conducted by introducing a weight reflecting the heterogeneity between city and province data, as an important source of uncertainty is the degree to which cities and provinces have an identical ratio of intermediate demand to total demand. We compare consumption-based emissions generated from the new MRIO to results of the MRIO based on individual city input-output tables. The findings reveal a large discrepancy in consumption-based emissions between the two MRIO tables but this is due to conflicting benchmark data used in the two tables.","PeriodicalId":47760,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"519 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09535314.2021.1932764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41794646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
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