Climate and Development最新文献

{"title":"Precarious prospects? Exploring climate resilience of agricultural commercialization pathways in Tanzania and Zimbabwe","authors":"Andrew Newsham, Lars Otto Naess, Khamaldin Mutabazi, Toendepi Shonhe, Gideon Boniface, Tsitsidzashe Bvute","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2229775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2229775","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSmallholder agricultural commercialization is a central objective across Africa, one linked to poverty reduction, sectoral transformation and increasingly, climate resilience and adaptation. There is much attention given to the extent to which agricultural commercialization serves to reduce poverty, but less to the commercialization pathways that lead towards or away from that outcome. There are, likewise, many studies that project hugely adverse future impacts of climate change on commercial agricultural production, but surprisingly little empirical work on how climate impacts are affecting current agricultural commercialization prospects and pathways for smallholder farmers. This paper, therefore, offers an analysis of levels of climate vulnerability and resilience within existing commercialization pathways in Tanzania and Zimbabwe. It embeds the account within an analysis of the underlying causes of uneven distributions of vulnerability and resilience. We find that while being able to practise commercially viable agriculture can contribute to resilience, it does not do so for the people who most need commercialization to reduce poverty. It is more common for farmers to face what we term an adaptation trap. We conclude by considering what these cases add to our understanding of climate-smart agriculture (CSA).KEYWORDS: Agricultural commercializationadaptationresilienceclimate changevulnerability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See Newsham et al. (Citation2021) for more detailed exposition of the PAR framework, tensions and unacknowledged overlaps with relational ontological thinking.2 The empirical material in this section is drawn from the longer case studies of Mutabazi and Boniface (Citation2021) for Tanzania, and Newsham et al. (Citation2021) for Zimbabwe.3 The farmers (Nyiramba) settled first on upland as lowland plains were seen barren and vulnerable to flooding. The pastoral Sukuma arrived later and settled with their livestock on the vast the lowland floodplains. The Sukuma had experience in lowland paddy farming using the majaruba system to contain rainwater for paddy production. Over recent times, rains have been in most cases falling above long-term averages, hence supported paddy production – but occasionally falling violently causing devastating flash floods.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office: [Grant Number 12345].Notes on contributorsAndrew NewshamAndrew Newsham is a senior lecturer in the department of development studies at SOAS, University of London. He works on social-environmental relations in Southern Africa and South America, specifically climate change adaptation and conservation and development. His publications are available here.Lars Otto NaessLars Otto Naess is a research fellow at the Institute of Development Studies, UK, co-leading their Resource Politics and Environmental Change Cluste","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycentric governance systems: addressing the power gap centered on climate entrepreneurs in Semnan Province of Iran","authors":"Iman Islami, Fatemeh Ghanbari, Hossein Azadi","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2229776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2229776","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135879170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Even the goats feel the heat:” gender, livestock rearing, rangeland cultivation, and climate change adaptation in Tunisia","authors":"Dina Najjar, Bipasha Baruah","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2253773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2253773","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47837290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An accounting framework for implementing India’s NDCs and reporting the capacity building needs in the context of the Paris rulebook","authors":"Debasish Prusty, Amit Garg, Umesh Solanki, Jyoti Maheshwari","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2247388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2247388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42665951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unpacking the invisible complex realities: intersections of gender and marital status in determining the intrinsic vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change in Northwestern Ethiopia","authors":"D. Yimam, N. Holvoet","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2246038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2246038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49014534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping spaces: governance and climate-related mobility in Ethiopia","authors":"N. Webster","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2227148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2227148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48498595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the farmers’ vulnerability to climate change in Tashk and Bakhtegan Lakes in Iran","authors":"Javad Masoumi Jashni, Mohsen Hamidian Pour, M. Ghorbani, Ahsen Işık Özgüven, A. Kurban, Hossein Azadi","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2209551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2209551","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47007217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate shocks, vulnerability, resilience and livelihoods in rural Zambia","authors":"Hambulo Ngoma, Arden Finn, Mulako Kabisa","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2246031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2246031","url":null,"abstract":"Climate and weather shocks pose risks to livelihoods in Southern Africa. We assess the extent to which smallholders are exposed to climate shocks in Zambia and how behavioural choices influence the negative effects of these shocks on vulnerability and resilience. We use household data from the nationally representative Rural Agricultural Livelihoods Survey and employ an instrumental variable probit regression model to control for the endogeneity of key choice variables. There are four main findings. First, droughts are the most prevalent climate shock faced by rural smallholder farmers in Zambia, but the extent of exposure differs spatially, with the Southern and Western Provinces being the hardest hit. Nationally, 76% of all smallholder farmers are vulnerable and only 24% are resilient, with female households most vulnerable. Second, increased climate shocks correlate with both increased vulnerability and reduced resilience, with short- and long-term deviations in seasonal rainfall worsening vulnerability and resilience. Third, higher asset endowments and education are correlated with reduced vulnerability and increased resilience. And last, climate-smart agricultural practices significantly improve household resilience. These findings imply a need to support scaling of climate-smart agricultural technologies and to invest in risk mitigation strategies such as weather-indexed insurance and targeted social cash transfers.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136391298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing rural households’ livelihood vulnerability to climate change and extremes in Migori River Watershed, Kenya","authors":"S. Opiyo, S. Letema, Godwin Opinde","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2243612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2243612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44450453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participating under constraints: roles and limitations of rural women’s involvement in climate change adaptation planning and implementation in Ghana","authors":"P. Koomson","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2236587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2236587","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43996028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}