Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory最新文献

Continuity and Discontinuity in Artefact Distributions from Multi-Period Archaeological Sites. 多时期考古遗址人工制品分布的连续性与非连续性。

IF 2.7 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2027-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09821-0

Eljas Oksanen, Andrew Bevan, Andrew Carter

{"title":"Continuity and Discontinuity in Artefact Distributions from Multi-Period Archaeological Sites.","authors":"Eljas Oksanen, Andrew Bevan, Andrew Carter","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09821-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10816-026-09821-0","url":null,"abstract":"Artefact finds recovered by metal detecting and reported by members of the public are a growing source of archaeological information, with over 1.2 million finds recorded to date by the Portable Antiquities Scheme in England and Wales. Heritage schemes in many other European countries where hobby detecting for archaeology is legal likewise report growing numbers of finds. Using point pattern analysis, this paper presents a worked-out set of computational methods to study diachronic processes within artefact assemblages at field or local (e.g. parish) levels. We present a simulated 'toy' example to illustrate the methodology and test it with two large artefact assemblages from the counties of North Yorkshire and Norfolk that differ in terms of finds record quality and known contextual archaeological landscape information. The proposed approach and example code can be reapplied to other archaeological point patterns. It formalises a spatial statistical workflow that produces an assessment regarding landscape persistence and reuse, and which can be used, for example, to assist fieldwork or planning decisions by identifying areas for further research. The case studies highlight the considerable need for formal analytical workflows in public finds research, which can be easily deployed at different sites and local assemblages. Moreover, while the proposed workflow has been designed with public finds scatters in mind, it is scale-agnostic and can be reapplied to investigate a range of archaeological phenomena from monument distributions across a larger region to investigating artefact scatters within an excavated area.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09821-0.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"34 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2027-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13574920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeing the Skyline: A Continuous Surface Approach to Landscape Visual Quality 看到天际线：景观视觉质量的连续表面方法

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09836-7

Zehao Li,Suhui Liu,Junjie Zhao

引用次数: 0

Simulating Shape Variation in Material Culture: The Simumorph R-package 模拟物质文化中的形状变化：Simumorph R-package

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09832-x

Alfredo Cortell-Nicolau, Anne Kandler

{"title":"Simulating Shape Variation in Material Culture: The Simumorph R-package","authors":"Alfredo Cortell-Nicolau, Anne Kandler","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09832-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09832-x","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeologists have devoted a significant amount of effort to define their types, or units of analysis. However, strong disagreements persist even after years of debate. This may occur for many reasons, some intrinsic to the archaeological record itself—since different technocomplexes may involve distinct and not always comparable types—and others related to the discipline’s epistemology, where interobserver bias and differences in theoretical schools and training traditions can play a key role. As a result, most archaeological analyses, usually based on type presence/absence or type frequencies, present uncertainty levels from the start, which are not always due to the archaeological record itself, but to how we analyse that record. In this work, we adopt a materialist view to present an alternative approach where we analyse purely artefact shape without the need for previous categorisation. To do this, we resort to Geometric Morphometrics, widely used in archaeology, and we develop a simulation framework for stepwise artefactual change. We provide the software tools to do this, which have been compiled in the R-package Simumorph, and we showcase its performance in four simulated archaeological scenarios. Here, we base our simulations on the geometric microliths found during the Early and Middle Holocene in the Western Mediterranean, but the framework can be applied to any context where shape variation matters.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Archaeologies of Indigenous Foodways and Collective Capacities 土著食物方式和集体能力考古学

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09833-w

Molly Carney

引用次数: 0

Broken bodies in Domestic Spaces: Direct and Structural Violence in an Atypical Mortuary Dataset from Iron and Viking Age Scandinavia 家庭空间中的破碎尸体：来自铁器和维京时代斯堪的纳维亚的非典型太平间数据集中的直接和结构性暴力

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09817-w

Marianne Hem Eriksen, Veronica Tamorri, Vasiliki Louka, Emma Tollefsen, Kevin Kay, Jo Appleby

{"title":"Broken bodies in Domestic Spaces: Direct and Structural Violence in an Atypical Mortuary Dataset from Iron and Viking Age Scandinavia","authors":"Marianne Hem Eriksen, Veronica Tamorri, Vasiliki Louka, Emma Tollefsen, Kevin Kay, Jo Appleby","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09817-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09817-w","url":null,"abstract":"A major challenge for the understanding of violence in the past is that our main source of evidence comes from cemeteries, but a significant proportion of the victims of violence are not buried in cemeteries. Iron and Viking Age Scandinavia (c. 500 <sc>BCE</sc>–1050 <sc>CE</sc>) is infamous for its emerging warrior ideology and hegemony of violence. Yet, somewhat counter-intuitively, trauma rates have typically been found to be relatively low in cemetery populations. Not everyone was afforded formal burial in cemeteries, however. The BODY-POLITICS project examines a previously neglected mortuary dataset: disarticulated and semi-complete human remains deposited in and around domestic spaces such as longhouses, pits, wells, postholes, and hearths. We report on 12 individuals inscribed with 19 ante- and perimortem traumatic injuries, analysed through osteological, bimolecular and digital imaging methods. The unusual post-mortem history of these individuals, set within a historical context of raiding, enslavement, and ritual violence including potential ‘human sacrifice’, allows us to explore multiple scenarios for inflicted injuries: war-like events (extra-community violence), interpersonal and domestic violence (intra-community violence), and ritual violence. Finally, by integrating trauma patterns, mortuary treatment, and contextual information, we discuss the broader life histories of these individuals and argue that some may have been vulnerable to structural, ‘slow’ violence that compounded over the lifecourse. This study thus contributes to broader discourse on direct and structural violence towards potentially marginalised people, as well as connections between ritualised violence and divergent mortuary pathways.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"297 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intervening Impersistence on the St. Johns River, Florida 佛罗里达圣约翰河上的介入性不持续性

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09831-y

Asa R. Randall

引用次数: 0

Faunal Evidence and the Duration of Occupation: A Statistical Approach to Neanderthal Archaeological Sites 动物证据和占领时间：尼安德特人考古遗址的统计方法

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09829-6

Valentina Lubrano, Vincenzo Spagnolo, Anna Rufà, Ruth Blasco, Florent Rivals, Jordi Rosell

{"title":"Faunal Evidence and the Duration of Occupation: A Statistical Approach to Neanderthal Archaeological Sites","authors":"Valentina Lubrano, Vincenzo Spagnolo, Anna Rufà, Ruth Blasco, Florent Rivals, Jordi Rosell","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09829-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09829-6","url":null,"abstract":"The duration of Neanderthal occupations of caves and rock shelters is one of the most debated issues in prehistoric archaeology. Several disciplines, including lithic analysis, micromorphology, zooarchaeology, taphonomy, and spatial archaeology, have proposed criteria to estimate occupation length, but their reliability varies. This study focuses only on indicators derived from faunal assemblages and evaluates their effectiveness through statistical testing. Four features were analysed: number of taxa, hunting spectrum, anthropogenic modifications, and evidence of carnivore activity. These characteristics were applied to a dataset from Late Mousterian sites in Spain and south-eastern France (70–40 ka) that have previously been examined through multidisciplinary approaches. The results indicate that the four features do not provide equally robust signals. Anthropogenic modifications and the number of exploited taxa show the strongest correlation with occupation duration. In contrast, the number of taxa and carnivore activity, when considered alone, are less reliable indicators. Multivariate analyses reveal a clearer structuring of the faunal assemblages. Brief stopping places are consistently distinguished from longer occupations. However, long-term occupations and repeated short-term occupations tend to overlap, largely because of palimpsest effects. Overall, these findings demonstrate both the potential and the limits of faunal criteria. They highlight the need for integrated, high-resolution approaches to reconstruct the duration and intensity of Neanderthal occupations.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149003651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unbowed: Raiding and Hunting with Paracas Spearthrowers and Slings and the Conspicuous Absence of the Bow in Western South America 未鞠躬：南美西部用帕拉卡斯长矛和投石器进行突袭和狩猎，弓的明显缺失

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09826-9

Erik J. Marsh, Lucía Yebra, Silvina Castro, Gianni Cunietti, Valeria Cortegoso, Johny Isla Cuadrado, Hanna Schubert, Giacomo Bilotti, Markus Reindel, Christian Mader

{"title":"Unbowed: Raiding and Hunting with Paracas Spearthrowers and Slings and the Conspicuous Absence of the Bow in Western South America","authors":"Erik J. Marsh, Lucía Yebra, Silvina Castro, Gianni Cunietti, Valeria Cortegoso, Johny Isla Cuadrado, Hanna Schubert, Giacomo Bilotti, Markus Reindel, Christian Mader","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09826-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09826-9","url":null,"abstract":"New weapons such as the bow and arrow often emerge alongside rising population densities and interpersonal conflict. We test this generalization in southern Peru during the violent Final Formative (400–1 <sc>BCE</sc>) with measurements of 200 obsidian projectile points anchored to precise Bayesian chronologies from Paracas sites in the Palpa valleys. Based on Bayesian regressions against hafted archaeological projectile points, we conclude all Paracas points were spearthrower darts. This agrees with the lack of bows in Paracas burials and in imagery on ceramics and textiles. Conflict was limited to small-scale raids, based on a compilation of sites with slingstones, mace heads, skeletal trauma, and walls. Hunting and herding were focused in the highlands, mapped with a MaxEnt predictive surface of modern prey location. Based on spatial correlations, conflict did not drive settlement patterns; the key factors were hunting grounds, herding pastures, and agricultural suitability. Pending future research, the notable lack of the bow in the region may include later Nasca, Moche, and Chimú populations. This invites us to rethink the conditions that drive and limit the adoption and invention of bows, a uniquely human and purportedly superior projectile technology that no one bothered with during these violent centuries.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149003652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grinding Charcoal for Rock Painting: A Methodological Framework for Particle-Size Analysis in Rock Art Micro-Samples 磨炭岩画：岩石艺术微样品粒度分析的方法学框架

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09834-9

Matías Landino, Lucas Gheco, Eugenia Ahets Etcheberry, Marcos Tascon, Fernando Marte

{"title":"Grinding Charcoal for Rock Painting: A Methodological Framework for Particle-Size Analysis in Rock Art Micro-Samples","authors":"Matías Landino, Lucas Gheco, Eugenia Ahets Etcheberry, Marcos Tascon, Fernando Marte","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09834-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09834-9","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the materiality of rock art has shifted attention from images as finished products to the technical and social processes involved in their making. Within this framework, pigment grinding is a crucial but still methodologically elusive aspect of painting production, despite its potential to inform technological choices, labor investment, and variability in painting practices. In this paper, we propose an experimental and archaeometric approach to the study of charcoal grinding in rock art micro-samples. By combining experimental archaeology, optical microscopy, and particle analysis, we develop a model linking charcoal particle area to grinding time. We apply this method to study black rock paintings from the Oyola archaeological site, in northwestern Argentina, where charcoal was identified as the main black pigment. The results show that microscopically measurable differences in particle areas make it possible to distinguish varying degrees of grinding among paintings that are macroscopically and chemically similar. Beyond the local case study, our findings demonstrate that pigment granulometry can provide access to otherwise invisible dimensions of rock art production, complementing the existing knowledge of technical variability, painting events, and the historical processes through which painted surfaces were made and transformed.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution and Uses of Rock Art Sites: Contribution of Morphogenic Mapping of Rock Walls 岩石艺术遗址的演变与利用：岩壁形态生成图的贡献

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-026-09823-y

Hugo Burnet, Julien Jacquet, Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Claudia Defrasne, Emilie Chalmin

{"title":"Evolution and Uses of Rock Art Sites: Contribution of Morphogenic Mapping of Rock Walls","authors":"Hugo Burnet, Julien Jacquet, Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Claudia Defrasne, Emilie Chalmin","doi":"10.1007/s10816-026-09823-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-026-09823-y","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present a new method for investigating rock art within the framework of site morphogenesis. Although numerous surveys of paintings and engravings have been conducted in archaeology since the twentieth century, few have taken into account the geomorphological characteristics of rock surfaces and their morphogenic evolution. Yet the processes responsible for these transformations directly interact with rock art. This approach therefore raises several questions: have the sites and their rock surfaces always been accessible? If not, from when until when were they accessible? Beyond parietal paintings and engravings, are there other traces of human activity? How are these related to the rock art? The method developed, based on the general geomorphological ground mapping’s codes, has been adapted for the analysis of painted and engraved rock walls at different spatial scales. The results demonstrate the relevance of such morphogenetic analysis of rock walls for the understanding of painted and engraved archaeological sites. At Rocher du Château (France, Savoie), phases of the rock wall’s evolution have been identified, which enable discussions about Neolithic and proto-historic frequentations contemporaneity with rock paintings, and their accessibility through time. At Bruguier rock shelter (France, Gard), seven phases of human activity, that are not visible on the ground, and numerous modifications were identified on the rock wall. The methodological and cartographic framework presented in this paper is grounded in an integrative approach to the study of evolving rock walls. Geomorphological analysis sheds light on the physical changes affecting the rock wall before, during, and after (pre)historic human occupation, while the cartographic framework is intended to be further developed through interdisciplinary collaboration.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149003653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0