Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory最新文献

Chipped-Stone Crescents from the Terminal Pleistocene–Early Holocene of Far Western North America and the Transverse Projectile Point Hypothesis 北美远西更新世末期-全新世早期的碎石月牙和横向弹丸点假说

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09665-6

Daniel S. Amick

{"title":"Chipped-Stone Crescents from the Terminal Pleistocene–Early Holocene of Far Western North America and the Transverse Projectile Point Hypothesis","authors":"Daniel S. Amick","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09665-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09665-6","url":null,"abstract":"Crescents are a distinctive component of several terminal Pleistocene–early Holocene (TP–EH) toolkits in the Far West, including the concave-based projectile point techno-complex, as demonstrated by archaeological associations, toolstone preferences, and manufacturing techniques. Archaeological and paleoenvironmental evidence suggests regular association with periods of wetland expansion across this region. Numerous speculative hypotheses have been proposed for the possible function(s) of these tools, but little direct investigation or testing has been conducted. This study uses the method of multiple working hypotheses to investigate these competing propositions. It draws on multiple lines of evidence from morphological and techno-functional patterns of tool damage and rejuvenation developed from a large artifact assemblage; analogs from ethnographic, historic, and archaeological cases; paleoenvironmental and ecological observations; an actualistic experimental program; and applications of foraging and design theories. Results show how morphological variation often reflects original blank form and individual tool life-history. Patterned recycling strategies include occasional manufacture from concave-base projectile points and conversion into gravers. The combined evidence best supports the hypothesized interpretation of lunate crescents as specialized transverse projectile points used primarily for open-water hunting of waterfowl by early foragers of the Great Basin and California, especially during episodic and localized increases in their abundance. These conclusions contribute to the growing picture of diversity and adaptive flexibility among early foragers in the Far West and further indicate waterfowl as a significant but temporally and spatially variable dietary component.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Debunking Deterministic Narratives of Technological Development Through Experimentation: A Critical Review of the Prehistory of Tin Bronze Alloying 通过实验揭穿技术发展的决定论叙事：锡青铜合金史前史的批判性回顾

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09661-w

Julia Montes-Landa, Simon Timberlake, Marcos Martinón-Torres

{"title":"Debunking Deterministic Narratives of Technological Development Through Experimentation: A Critical Review of the Prehistory of Tin Bronze Alloying","authors":"Julia Montes-Landa, Simon Timberlake, Marcos Martinón-Torres","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09661-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09661-w","url":null,"abstract":"The currently accepted narrative on the prehistory of bronze alloying technology follows deterministic, outdated assumptions of technological progression that ignore the role of contextual and performance factors in the decision-making processes, thus neglecting human agency. In essence, it is expected that newer techniques were overarchingly more advanced than older ones and hence replaced them. The validity of this narrative should be challenged and revised. A critical analysis of worldwide literature exposed that, contrary to predictions of the accepted theory, (1) the oldest alloying techniques persisted for centuries after newer ones were invented, and (2) several techniques usually coexisted in the same contexts. We hypothesised that these counterintuitive findings could be explained by differences in performance between techniques, (dis)advantageous at different settings. To obtain empirical information on the performance of techniques and test for behaviourally relevant performance differences between them, a series of alloying experiments were conducted. The results show that all techniques can produce objects of broadly equivalent quality while offering different trade-offs during production. Therefore, every technique—or a combination—can be advantageous under certain conditions, and there are no grounds to support a linear trajectory of substitution. These results debunk the traditional narrative and predict that co-smelting and cementation techniques were more frequently practiced in the past than hitherto assumed. Our propositions prompt a readjustment of explanatory models of bronze production organisation, trade, and consumption while opening unexplored research paths for archaeology and the history of technology.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating the Size and Density of the La Prele Site: Implications for Early Paleoindian Group Size 估算拉普雷尔遗址的规模和密度：对早期古印第安人群体规模的影响

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09662-9

Spencer R. Pelton, Todd A. Surovell, Sarah A. Allaun, McKenna L. Litynski, Paul H. Sanders, Robert L. Kelly, Madeline E. Mackie, Matthew J. O’Brien

{"title":"Estimating the Size and Density of the La Prele Site: Implications for Early Paleoindian Group Size","authors":"Spencer R. Pelton, Todd A. Surovell, Sarah A. Allaun, McKenna L. Litynski, Paul H. Sanders, Robert L. Kelly, Madeline E. Mackie, Matthew J. O’Brien","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09662-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09662-9","url":null,"abstract":"The La Prele site (ca. 12,940 cal BP) is a deeply buried, single-component mammoth kill and campsite in Wyoming (USA). The site was discovered eroding from a creek bank 3 m deep within a 7-m tall terrace scarp, and prior investigations have primarily focused on excavations accessible from the creek bank, using heavy machinery to remove sterile overburden to access the deeply buried deposits. This approach has allowed excavations to occur safely outside of deep pits, but it has limited our ability to assess the total size and density of the site. To determine total site extent, we conducted systematic bucket auger testing of the La Prele site terrace, attempting 189 augers between 1.6 m and 6.2 m deep across the landform. We use a simulation and other mathematical procedures to infer artifact density from auger artifact counts and interpolate artifact densities across the site using GIS. We determine that La Prele is around 4500 m2 in area and likely contains a buried bison bonebed and two additional artifact concentrations comparable to or exceeding the size and density of previously excavated areas. We use these insights to infer Early Paleoindian group size, concluding that around 30 people occupied La Prele.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Basalt: A Methodological Framework for Analysing Wear Traces on Basalt Tools 探索玄武岩：分析玄武岩工具磨损痕迹的方法框架

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09663-8

Lena Asryan, Veerle Rots

{"title":"Exploring Basalt: A Methodological Framework for Analysing Wear Traces on Basalt Tools","authors":"Lena Asryan, Veerle Rots","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09663-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09663-8","url":null,"abstract":"Basalt is a widely used raw material for tool manufacture at prehistoric sites, but a unified methodology for assessing how hominfins used basalt in prehistory is lacking. A comprehensive experimental investigation of basalt tools is, thus, necessary to establish a reliable methodological framework that can be used to explore the functional properties of archaeological basalt assemblages.The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of a methodological framework for the analysis of use-wear on basalt tools. Basalt, characterised by its distinct mechanical and structural properties and unique response to mechanical stress, requires specialised treatment and investigation.To address this, our basalt varieties were characterised using SEM–EDS analysis. Sequential experiments were conducted, using the experimental basalt tools in different activities, including butchery, hide, bone and woodworking to determine use-wear formation patterns. Subsequentially, various analytical tools, including optical and scanning electron microscopes, were used to analyse macro- and micro-wear traces on basalt.Our results provide useful information on methodological aspects of use-wear formation on basalt. The inclusion of detailed cleaning and experimental protocols enhanced the robustness of our methodology. Furthermore, the combined utilisation of various microscopes enabled to compile a comprehensive and complementary information on such a complex raw material such as basalt and to characterise thoroughly the diagnostic features of the micro-wear traces (e.g. edge damage, rounding, polish).","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Techné of Rock Engravings—the Timna Case Study 岩石雕刻技术--蒂姆纳案例研究

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09658-5

Lena Dubinsky, Leore Grosman

{"title":"Techné of Rock Engravings—the Timna Case Study","authors":"Lena Dubinsky, Leore Grosman","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09658-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09658-5","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, rock engravings were studied through their visual characteristics. They have been analyzed with comparative and interpretative methodologies of iconography and iconology. However, there has been a recent shift towards identifying production processes, allowing reconstruction of operational characteristics through various methods. Nevertheless, the studies of the technological aspects typically focus on the operational and the mechanical, often omitting the visuality of the outcome. In the current paper, we are using ArchCUT3-D software for computational analysis of 3-D data acquired from various rock engravings located in Timna Park, southern Israel. We show how micro-morphological evidence, extracted from the engraved lines, can decode technical trends and variabilities in a technique’s particular implementation. Then, we conduct a focused examination of one group of engraved figures in order to establish a link between execution techniques and visual considerations. Based on our results and the following discussion, we suggest the term Techné to indicate the choice of technique that goes beyond the instrumental or purely operative perspectives. We highlight the intentional choice, which designs the visual rhetoric of the engraved marks and suggests cultural concepts that contrived the procedural processes.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141521366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use-Wear Analysis of Obsidian and Other Volcanic Rocks: An Experimental Approach to Working Plant Resources 黑曜石和其他火山岩的使用磨损分析：利用植物资源的实验方法

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-06-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09659-4

Idaira Brito-Abrante, Amelia Rodríguez-Rodríguez

{"title":"Use-Wear Analysis of Obsidian and Other Volcanic Rocks: An Experimental Approach to Working Plant Resources","authors":"Idaira Brito-Abrante, Amelia Rodríguez-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09659-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09659-4","url":null,"abstract":"This experimental study aims to contribute to functional analysis research on tools which specifically served to work wood and non-woody plants. They were made of obsidian and other volcanic rocks (basalt, trachyte, and phonolite) characterised by an amorphous matrix and phenocrysts of different number and size. In spite of prior functional analysis research resorting to these raw materials, there remain gaps in our understanding of specific activities. The work thus focused on working different types of wood from the Canary Island as well as on harvesting cereals. It is likewise centred on craftwork, especially regarding certain rarely studied contact materials such as palm leaves and rushes. The results reveal use-wear differences stemming from working woody and non-woody plants with both obsidian and other volcanic rocks. A special attention was given to the identification and description of the different features depending on the raw materials and the characteristics of their knapped surfaces. Identifying the combination of attributes has been essential to attain more accurate diagnostics. There are limits to each of the types of raw materials. The surfaces of obsidian are easier to observe and allow more specific identifications. In turn, the heterogeneous surfaces of volcanic rocks with phenocrysts that require more to time to develop diagnostic traces render use-wear amongst these types of rocks more difficult to observe. It is possible to distinguish longitudinal and transversal actions between woody and non-woody plants on every rock. Actions related to basketry, such us splitting and scraping, are more complicated to identify. The state of the worked plant (dry or fresh) and the time of use are key factors to consider in each case.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141489553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Methods for Old Questions: The Use of Elliptic Fourier Analysis for the Formal Study of Palaeolithic Art 老问题新方法：椭圆傅里叶分析法在旧石器时代艺术形式研究中的应用

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09656-7

Miguel García-Bustos, Paula García Bustos, Olivia Rivero

{"title":"New Methods for Old Questions: The Use of Elliptic Fourier Analysis for the Formal Study of Palaeolithic Art","authors":"Miguel García-Bustos, Paula García Bustos, Olivia Rivero","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09656-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09656-7","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main objectives of Palaeolithic art researchers is to study and systematise the form of artistic representations. Some methodologies include the analysis of qualitative variables, linear measurements or the use of geometric morphometry with landmarks. However, these techniques depend to a large extent on the subjectivity of the researcher, which often leads to biased results. To overcome this issue, we present an application of geometric morphometry using Elliptic Fourier Analysis (EFA), together with multivariate statistics and hypothesis testing, for the first time to the study of form in prehistoric art. In order to explain its use, the “duck-bill” convention of pre-Magdalenian horses, often used as a chronological and geographical marker, has been used as a case study. This formalism is described disparately in the literature, so the main objective is to use EFA to determine whether it is possible to characterise this type of convention according to the definitions given by certain authors. The results indicate a possible classification of the heads of these animals. Through this taxonomic proposal, it has been possible to verify the great diversity of forms in which the authors classify the duck-bill horses and, therefore, to demonstrate that this peculiar form can be considered neither a conventionalism nor a chronological/regional marker. In conclusion, the methodology based on EFA combined with multivariate statistics for the objective study of form in prehistoric art is effective and opens a new avenue of analysis in the art of prehistoric societies.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Space Analysis in Palaeolithic Cave Art: Towards a Multidisciplinary and Integrated Approach 旧石器时代石窟艺术的空间分析：迈向多学科综合方法

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09655-8

Olga Spaey, Diego Garate, Aritz Irurtzun

{"title":"Space Analysis in Palaeolithic Cave Art: Towards a Multidisciplinary and Integrated Approach","authors":"Olga Spaey, Diego Garate, Aritz Irurtzun","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09655-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09655-8","url":null,"abstract":" We present a revision of the concept of space in Palaeolithic cave art. Previous research attempting to approach this notion encounters several gaps, which surface on multiple levels: subjectivity, vagueness, restrictions on its conceptualisation, its illustration (two-dimensional description and representation), among others. We reassess the key elements at play, interpretative attempts, and theoretical concepts to gain a better understanding of the notion of space as applied to cave art. This is achieved by examining the historiography not only in prehistory but also in related disciplines, integrating new theoretical approaches and insights from ethnoarchaeology, linguistics, cognitive science, and analytic philosophy. Following this analysis of the existing research, we propose a new method to address the aforementioned issues. This method relies on digital quantitative tools for spatial analysis and three-dimensional representation, such as geographic information systems (GIS) and 3D visualisation. Through the application of these advanced technological tools, we aim to offer a more comprehensive and precise representation of the spatial aspects in Palaeolithic cave art, enabling researchers to analyse and comprehend the complexities of spatial distribution in a systematic and quantitative manner.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paleo Storage, Paleo Surplus, and Paleo Inequality in the Périgord 佩里戈尔的古法存储、古法盈余和古法不平等

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09657-6

Brian Hayden, Emmanuel Guy

{"title":"Paleo Storage, Paleo Surplus, and Paleo Inequality in the Périgord","authors":"Brian Hayden, Emmanuel Guy","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09657-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09657-6","url":null,"abstract":"There is relative agreement among many prehistorians that surpluses were an essential factor in the creation of socioeconomic inequalities and that storage was often an important aspect of surplus accumulation per Testart (Les chasseurs-cueilleurs ou l’origine des inégalités 1982a), Testart (Current Anthropology, 23, 523–537, 1982b). However, there is little agreement concerning the existence of large-scale kills, storage, surpluses, or inequalities in the deeply incised river valleys of the Southwestern French Upper Paleolithic. We present observations from a number of studies indicating that there were likely large-scale reindeer kills with substantial amounts of meat being filleted, dried, and stored, as well as indications of surpluses that could have resulted in inequalities. We rely on ethnographic observations among the Inuit concerning hunting, butchering, and filleting of meat for drying, as well as on ethnographic patterns of storage, taphonomic observations about bone discard of these activities, the importance of cut marks, and the behavior of reindeer. A critical distinction is made between the treatment of bones from individually killed animals versus the treatment of bones from large-scale kills. We also consider the implications for storage and surpluses of logistical hunting/gathering patterns, relative sedentism, and skeletal indications of heavy reliance on stored meat. On balance, we conclude that these indications favor the existence of mass kills, storage, and surpluses in certain areas of Southwestern France in the Upper Paleolithic.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141304413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking Occupation Intensity during the Levantine Middle Epipalaeolithic: The use of Space and Site Formation Processes at the Geometric Kebaran site of Neve David, Israel 反思黎凡特中古石器时代的居住强度：以色列内韦大卫几何凯巴兰遗址的空间利用与遗址形成过程

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-024-09653-w

David E. Friesem, Reuven Yeshurun, Zachary C. Dunseth, Shira Gur-Arieh, Dani Nadel

{"title":"Rethinking Occupation Intensity during the Levantine Middle Epipalaeolithic: The use of Space and Site Formation Processes at the Geometric Kebaran site of Neve David, Israel","authors":"David E. Friesem, Reuven Yeshurun, Zachary C. Dunseth, Shira Gur-Arieh, Dani Nadel","doi":"10.1007/s10816-024-09653-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-024-09653-w","url":null,"abstract":"The open-air Epipalaeolithic (Geometric Kebaran) site of Neve David (Mount Carmel, Israel) has played an important role in reconstructing scenarios of sedentarization in the Levant since its initial excavation in the 1980s, and has been seen as heralding later Natufian socioeconomic adaptations. However, little was known about the site’s formation processes and spatial organization, hindering the testing of this view. Employing new field data from Neve David, we present a combined macro- and microscopic analyses of the spatial and temporal distribution of lithics, faunal remains, phytoliths and wood ash, interpreted with the aid of ethnoarchaeological data and comparison to other Palaeolithic sites in the region. Post-depositional disturbance seems to be minimal at Neve David and we therefore suggest that the spatial distribution of the finds mostly represents human use of space. Throughout the thick sequence of occupation episodes, distinct division of space and well-preserved trampled occupation surfaces are generally lacking. We suggest that this pattern represents reduced mobility, as prolonged human activity blurs the primary depositional signal of the activity remains. The density of the finds generally increases in the upper layers of the site. Accordingly, we hypothesize that at the beginning of activity, the duration of occupation was longer and only later in the sequence of events was there an increase in group size. Our findings further highlight the position of the Geometric Kebaran as a pivotal stage in understanding the gap between the preceding highly mobile societies and the succeeding sedentary and demographically-larger Natufian societies.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0