Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Incidence, Risk Factors, Microbiology and Outcomes of VAP at an NCU in India: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Kapil Zirpe, Upendra Kapse, Akansha Sharma, Atul P Kulkarni, Sushma Gurav, Anand Tiwari, Chaitanya Bhujbal, Abhijeet Deshmukh, Prasad Suryawanshi, Prajakta Pote, Abhaya Bhoyar, Kaustubh Zirpe, Rupali Suryawanshi, Rahul Sharma, Piyush Dhawad, Hrishikesh Vaidya","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a major challenge while managing ventilated critically ill patients in neurocritical care units (NCUs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a prospective, single-center, observational study. All adult patients admitted to our NCU requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) for >48 hours were screened for VAP as per clinical pulmonary infectious score (CPIS) criteria. The primary outcome was the incidence of VAP in the ICU. Secondary outcomes were risk factors, microbiology, percentage of MDR/XDR organisms, mortality, and length of stay (LOS) of VAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24.94% (114 of 457) patients developed VAP. The incidence of VAP was 39.43/1000 ventilator days. Multivariate analysis of the risk factors identified, male gender, low Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of 3-8, prolonged ventilation, and diabetes mellitus as significant risk factors for the development of VAP (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (31.58%), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (28.95%), and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (13.16%) were the most common organisms responsible for VAP. Most of these isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) (81.58%), and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) organisms (12.28%). Although VAP patients had longer ICU-LOS (26.2 ± 24.2 vs 11.8 ± 6.9 days, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), it did not affect the mortality (18.4% for VAP vs 14.3% for non-VAP, <i>p</i> = 0.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ventilator-associated pneumonia has a high incidence of 39.43 per 1,000 ventilator days in the Indian neurocritical care setting.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Zirpe K, Kapse U, Sharma A, Kulkarni AP, Gurav S, Tiwari A, <i>et al</i>. Incidence, Risk Factors, Microbiology and Outcomes of VAP at an NCU in India: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(4):308-313.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 4","pages":"308-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes of Hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Strains among <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Danavath Nagendra, Souvik Chaudhuri, Nitin Gupta, Vishal Shanbhag, Vandana K Eshwara, Shwethapriya Rao, Muralidhar Varma, Thejesh Srinivas, Pratibha Todur, P S Priya, Vinutha R Bhat","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim and background: </strong>Hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (HvKp) is a virulent strain associated with invasive infections. While initially community-acquired, hospital-acquired HvKp (HA-HvKp) and carbapenem-resistant HvKp (CR-HvKp) are increasingly reported. This meta-analysis evaluates the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes associated with HvKp, including CR-HvKp and HA-HvKp, among Kp infections.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted until December 2024. Observational studies comparing HvKp vs classical Kp (cKp), CR-HvKp vs carbapenem-sensitive HvKp (CS-HvKp), and HA-HvKp vs community-acquired HvKp (CA-HvKp) were included. Quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tool, and pooled prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty studies with 6,663 participants were included. The HvKp prevalence was 33.0%, with most studies from Asia, predominantly China. Temporal analysis revealed an increase in HvKp prevalence (27.7% in 2006-2018 to 38.5% in 2019-2024). The CR-HvKp prevalence rose from 9.5% to 16.5% (2016-2024). The HA-HvKp prevalence increased from 25.9 to 47.1%. Key risk factors included diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.56), CA-Kp (OR = 2.59), and hypermucoviscous (HM)-phenotype (OR = 29.79). Complications included liver abscess (OR = 6.35), metastatic spread (OR = 4.74), meningitis (OR = 11.14), and septic shock (OR = 1.30). Mortality was higher in HvKp infections but not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.219). HA-HvKp and immunosuppression were significant CR-HvKp risk factors, with CR-HvKp showing higher mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diabetes mellitus, CA-Kp infections, and HM-phenotype are significant risk factors for HvKp. The rising prevalence of CR-HvKp and HA-HvKp highlights the need for early detection, infection control, and targeted treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Nagendra D, Chaudhuri S, Gupta N, Shanbhag V, Eshwara VK, Rao S, <i>et al</i>. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes of Hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Strains among <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(4):370-393.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 4","pages":"370-393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteremia Caused by Rare NFGNB in the ICU: A Single-center Experience.","authors":"Parikshit S Prayag, Prasad Rajhans, Nilesh Mahale, Sampada A Patwardhan, Pruthu N Dhekane, Rajeev N Soman, Deepak Sethia, Mousami Dalvi, Surabhi Dhupad, Surabhi Tyagi, Rasika S Joshi, Abhishek Deshmukh, Madhavi Wavhal, Priyamvada Sharma, Amrita P Prayag","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amongst the non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB), <i>Pseudomonas</i> (<i>P</i>.) and <i>Acinetobacter species</i> predominate the landscape. However, less common NFGNB such as <i>Burkholderia</i>, <i>Stenotrophomonas</i>, <i>Achromobacter</i>, <i>Ralstonia</i> and <i>Elizabethkingia</i> species, amongst others, are assuming increasing importance. We describe a single-center experience of <i>bacteremia</i> caused by rare NFGNBs in an Indian intensive care unit (ICU).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective study of adult patients with <i>bacteremia</i> caused by rare NFGNB in the ICU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 205 cases, <i>Burkholderia</i> <i>(B.)</i> species (43.4%, <i>n</i> = 89) were the commonest, followed by <i>Stenotrophomonas</i> species (20.4%, <i>n</i> = 42). The <i>bacteremia</i> was related to an indwelling catheter in 42.9 % of the patients. The median duration of hospitalization preceding the <i>bacteremia</i> was 16 days. Except for <i>B. Achromobacter</i> and <i>Aeromonas</i> <i>species</i>, meropenem showed high rates of resistance. Overall, cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin and minocycline were the most effective antibiotics active <i>in vitro;</i> with some differences noted specific to different organisms. The overall day 28 mortality was 34.1%. On multivariate analysis, the presence of shock (<i>p</i> = 0.008, CI: 1.188-5.052) and receipt of steroids (<i>p</i> = 0.015, CI: 1.032-3.891) were significantly associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is one of the largest studies from India, describing the landscape of NFGNB causing <i>bacteremia</i> in the ICU. Our study shows that these infections are acquired late during the course of hospitalization, have limited therapeutic options, and can be associated with significant mortality. Implementation of stringent infection control practices is needed to reduce this threat.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Prayag PS, Rajhans P, Mahale N, Patwardhan SA, Dhekane PN, Soman RN, <i>et al</i>. Bacteremia Caused by Rare NFGNB in the ICU: A Single-center Experience. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(4):345-351.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 4","pages":"345-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Two-year Retrospective Observational Cohort Study of Benzodiazepine Overdose Cases in the Emergency Department.","authors":"John Giftson, Darpanarayan Hazra, Gina M Chandy","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24925","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a significant health concern in developing countries, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Several factors influence patient outcomes. This study aimed to better understand the profile and outcomes of patients with benzodiazepine (BZD) overdose.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This two-year analysis conducted in the Emergency Department (ED) focused on patients with DSH and BZD toxicity. Key factors and outcomes were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 95 patients with BZD overdoses, some of whom had also taken other drugs. The mean age was 36.52 (SD: 14.2) years, with a female predominance (59.9%). The most common reasons for DSH were interpersonal issues, such as relationship failure (<i>n</i> = 48; 50.5%) and domestic fights or abuse (<i>n</i> = 37; 38.9%). Single-drug BZD overdose was more frequent among individuals aged 46-60 years. The predominant symptoms were drowsiness (<i>n</i> = 45; 47.4%) and nausea or vomiting (<i>n</i> = 32; 33.7%). Six patients (6.3%) required definitive airway stabilization in the ED, while two patients (2.1%) required inotropic support. Flumazenil was administered to 19 (20%) patients with no reported side effects. A majority (<i>n</i> = 49; 51.6%) of patients were admitted to the hospital, of whom 30 (61.2%) were discharged in stable condition, while 19 (38.8%) left against medical advice. No deaths were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Middle-aged females were most frequently involved in DSH cases. Single-drug BZD overdose was more common in this age-group. The predominant symptoms included drowsiness and gastrointestinal complaints. Most patients required hospital admission.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Giftson J, Hazra D, Chandy GM. A Two-year Retrospective Observational Cohort Study of Benzodiazepine Overdose Cases in the Emergency Department. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):230-235.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"230-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior of the Perme Scale and Correlation with Clinical Outcomes in the Postoperative of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.","authors":"André Luiz Lisboa Cordeiro, Hayssa Mascarenhas, Lucas Oliveira Soares, Vitória Pimentel, Eduarda Gomes, Larissa Pinto, Gabriel Ferreira, Luiz Alberto Forgiarini Junior, André Guimarães","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24922","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are limiting factors that influence the assessment of mobility after cardiac surgery. Therefore, the Perme intensive care unit mobility score scale becomes more appropriate because it analyzes physical and psychological limitations in the intensive care unit (ICU), taking into account extrinsic problems.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe the behavior of the Perme scale and its correlation with clinical outcomes in the postoperative stage of cardiac surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a prospective cohort study. The patients were evaluated in four moments, to analyze the perception of pain, the degree of dyspnea, muscle strength, and functionality according to the Perme scale which ranges from 0 to 32 points. It was applied at hospital admission, ICU discharge, admission to the ward (UI), and hospital discharge. Values expressed as Delta 1 (d1) and Delta 2 (d2) were used to determine the comparison of preoperative and hospital discharge, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one patients were included. Among the correlation variables at the different moments, it was perceived that cardiopulmonary bypass time d1 (<i>r</i> = 0.19; <i>p</i> = 0.42); d2 (<i>r</i> = 0.07; <i>p</i> = 0.98); ICU time d1 (<i>r</i> = 0.34; <i>p</i> = 0.17); d2 (<i>r</i> = 0.35; <i>p</i> = 0.16); hospital time d1 (<i>r</i> = 0.17; <i>p</i> = 0.54); d2 (<i>r</i> = 0.21; <i>p</i> = 0.47) and mechanical ventilation (MV) time d1 (<i>r</i> = 0.09; <i>p</i> = 0.70); d2 (<i>r</i> = 0.44; <i>p</i> = 0.06) showed no statistically significant difference. The variables hospital admission (31 ± 1) and ICU discharge (20 ± 4) showed significant losses in the length of stay in these units.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evaluation performed with the Perme scale showed significance when comparing the values between ICU admission and discharge. However, in relation to the clinical outcomes of this study, no relevant correlations were proven.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Cordeiro ALL, Mascarenhas H, Soares LO, Pimentel V, Gomes E, Pinto L, <i>et al</i>. Behavior of the Perme Scale and Correlation with Clinical Outcomes in the Postoperative of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):273-277.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"273-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Response: The Range of Nonpharmacological Measures to Prevent Delirium on Intensive Care Units is Broader than Assumed.","authors":"Moirangthem Sonia, Sukhpal Kaur, Nikhil Kothari","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24916","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sonia M, Kaur S, Kothari N. Author Response: The Range of Nonpharmacological Measures to Prevent Delirium on Intensive Care Units is Broader than Assumed. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):280-281.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"280-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of MACOCHA Score for Predicting Difficult Intubation in Critically Ill Cancer Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Atul P Kulkarni, Shilpushp J Bhosale, Kushal R Kalvit, Swapna Cherian, Anjana M Shrivastava, Manoj R Gorade","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24934","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tracheal intubation (TI) is often needed in the intensive care unit (ICU) but can have disastrous consequences. The MACOCHA score was developed for prediction of difficult intubation (DI) in critically ill.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, we conducted this prospective, single-center observational study. Evaluated the ability of MACOCHA score to predict difficult intubation in our ICU. We included 500 adults undergoing TI in our ICU. We collected the demographic data, details of ICU admission, and intubation-related data for calculating MACOCHA score. We used Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21) for analysis. The accuracy of MACOCHA score for predicting DI was determined by area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistics was used to determine calibration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Since complete dataset was available for 449/500 patients, we analyzed their data. Acute renal failure and shock were the most frequent reasons for TI. Ketamine and rocuronium were most commonly used drugs for TI. The incidence of DI was 13.5% (60/449). There were 30 patients whose Mallampati score was either III and IV, while 84 and 45 patients had severe hypoxemia and coma before TI, respectively. The AUROC curve for the MACOCHA score was 0.659 (confidence interval, 0.574-0.743), suggesting a moderate discrimination. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed moderate calibration (χ² = 3.142, with <i>p</i> = 0.208). One hundred and seventy-one (26.5%) complications occurred in the entire cohort. Some patients had multiple complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MACOCHA score showed moderate discrimination and calibration in predicting DI in our study.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Kulkarni AP, Bhosale SJ, Kalvit KR, Cherian S, Shrivastava AM, Gorade MR. Evaluation of MACOCHA Score for predicting Difficult Intubation in Critically Ill Cancer Patients: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):208-214.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"208-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HFNC Oxygen Therapy vs COT in Prolonged Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Inside the ICU: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study.","authors":"Ahmed M Mohamed, Wessam Z Selima","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24919","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and background: </strong>Hypoxemia is a common and serious complication occurring during deep sedation for prolonged upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE). We evaluated and compared the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy vs conventional nasal cannula oxygen therapy (COT) in preventing hypoxemia in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and who underwent prolonged (>15 minutes) UGE under deep sedation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Seventy patients aged 20-60 years with American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) I, II, or III who were admitted to the ICU and were scheduled for an anticipated prolonged UGE were included. They were randomly assigned to be administered either oxygen through a standard nasal cannula (COT group) or oxygen through an HFNC (HFNC group). The primary outcome was any occurrence of at least moderate hypoxemic episodes [oxygen saturation (SpO₂) < 90%] of any duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding the occurrence of hypoxemic episodes, 18 patients (51.4%) in the COT group experienced hypoxemia with 11 (31.4%) experiencing mild hypoxemia, six (17.1%) experiencing moderate hypoxemia, and only one patient (2.9%) experienced severe hypoxemia, with a total of seven patients (20.0%) whose SpO₂ was <90%. Conversely, only two patients (5.7%) in the HFNC group had mild hypoxemia, and no patients had SpO₂ < 90%. Additionally, nine patients in the COT group experienced clinically significant hypoxemia, whereas no patients in the HFNC group (<i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy was safe, well tolerated, and significantly decreased the incidence of hypoxemic episodes, compared to COT, among high-risk ICU patients who underwent prolonged UGE under propofol deep sedation.(<b>Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with ID:</b> NCT06350864).</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Mohamed AM, Selima WZ. HFNC Oxygen Therapy vs COT in Prolonged Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Inside the ICU: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):223-229.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"223-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MACOCHA Score to Predict Difficult Intubation in Critically Ill: Expectation-Reality Dissonance?","authors":"Mozammil Shafi","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24937","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shafi M. MACOCHA Score to Predict Difficult Intubation in Critically Ill: Expectation-Reality Dissonance? Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):199-200.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"199-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Oxygenation during Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: The Rise of HFNC Therapy.","authors":"Pavan Kumar Vala, Suhail S Siddiqui","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24927","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vala PK, Siddiqui SS. Optimizing Oxygenation during Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: The Rise of HFNC Therapy. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):201-202.</p>","PeriodicalId":47664,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","volume":"29 3","pages":"201-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}