Human Organization最新文献_第4页

Tackling the Triad of Trouble: Addressing the Complexity of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting and Associated Factors in Maasai Communities of Southern Kenya 解决三位一体的麻烦:解决肯尼亚南部马赛社区女性生殖器切割和相关因素的复杂性

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.84

Adam D. Kiš, Spencer Page, Elisa Vital

{"title":"Tackling the Triad of Trouble: Addressing the Complexity of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting and Associated Factors in Maasai Communities of Southern Kenya","authors":"Adam D. Kiš, Spencer Page, Elisa Vital","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.84","url":null,"abstract":"Kenya lies in the FGM/C belt stretching across Africa, and the Maasai are frequent practitioners. FGM/C has been declining in Kenya over time but not among the Maasai. The Kenyan government, many outside agencies, and the Maasai council of elders are all working to eradicate this practice, yet it persists among the Maasai. Eradication efforts tend to be either idealist or materialist but not both. We studied three primary schools surrounding Maasai Mara National Reserve to investigate what is being done at the school level to fight this practice. We discovered that FGM/C among the Maasai is always associated with girls’ early school dropouts and early marriage (the “triad of trouble”), so the measurement of one is a proxy for the measurement of the others. We also verified that school dropout rates (and associated factors in the triad) are sharply lower in these schools than in the general Maasai population and still declining. This is being accomplished through a complex interplay of eradication efforts—both idealist and materialist—such as education, persuasion, coordination of enforcement, legal prosecution, and rescue centers for sheltering girls at risk of FGM/C. Community attitudes are shifting against FGM/C as a result of these Maasai-led initiatives.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43096564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Software Development Practice as Baradian Entanglement 巴拉迪式纠缠的软件开发实践

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.25

J. Prior, J. Leaney

{"title":"Software Development Practice as Baradian Entanglement","authors":"J. Prior, J. Leaney","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Software development practice is a messy, complicated, and constantly shifting human endeavor. Barad’s concept of “entanglement” helps to theorize complex sociotechnical systems. We are testing the application of this theory to understand and explain software development practices, as our work appears to be the only ethnographic research using Barad in any technology industry. Our continual aim is to understand large-scale, collaborative software development more deeply in practice and to discover appropriate theories that describe our observations and insights. Both authors are experienced software engineers and researchers. Through an ongoing longitudinal ethnographic study at a large Australian software development company, we explore, support, and improve the lived experience and practice of the software developers that work there. Ethnographic insights and an appreciation of the mutual constitution of situated phenomena have expanded over several years into an elaboration of entanglement as a more insightful explanation of software development practice. This research is having a significant impact on the participant developers and organization, including changes in measurement practices, mentoring, knowledge management, and innovation.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46227855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Living Toward a New Way of Thinking: Re-thinking Introduction to Anthropology Classes by Re-building the Learning Management System 走向新的思维方式——学习管理体系再造人类学导论

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.36

M. Wesch, Ryan T. Klataske, Tom Woodward

{"title":"Living Toward a New Way of Thinking: Re-thinking Introduction to Anthropology Classes by Re-building the Learning Management System","authors":"M. Wesch, Ryan T. Klataske, Tom Woodward","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.36","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropology is not only a body of knowledge but also a different way of seeing and being in the world that includes persistent inquiry, empathizing, making connections, and opening up to new ideas and experiences. These practices are beneficial in a wide range of careers and for building a meaningful life in a world of persistent change, pluralism, political division, and precarity. Ideally, an introductory course in anthropology would provide a space to inspire and help students practice this way of being in the world. Unfortunately, classrooms, textbooks, and Learning Management Systems often prioritize an information-delivery model of education that places the professor and content at the center. In 2016, we started building anth101.com as an alternative to the traditional textbook and Learning Management System with 10 lessons, 10 challenges, and community features designed to inspire students to live anthropologically. The software development process forced us to interrogate a wide variety of often taken-for-granted elements of virtual learning spaces. While we set out with strong biases against Learning Management Systems, the process gave us an appreciation for what they do well while also revealing structural biases within them that can be overcome with intentional pedagogy.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49475939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Whoever Needs Food We’ll Feed Them One Way or the Other”: COVID-19 and Food Aid in Appalachian Kentucky “无论谁需要食物，我们都会以这样或那样的方式为他们提供食物”:COVID-19和肯塔基州阿巴拉契亚地区的粮食援助

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.73

A. Koempel

引用次数: 0

Co-Creation in Secure Software Development: Applied Ethnography and the Interface of Software and Development 安全软件开发中的共同创造:应用人种学和软件与开发的接口

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.13

Daniel Lende, Alexis Monkhouse, Jay Ligatti, Xinming Ou

{"title":"Co-Creation in Secure Software Development: Applied Ethnography and the Interface of Software and Development","authors":"Daniel Lende, Alexis Monkhouse, Jay Ligatti, Xinming Ou","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term ethnographic research conducted at a software company examined how security concerns and practices became part of software development. Participant observation over a two-year period was done by researchers with cybersecurity backgrounds and training in both computer science and qualitative research, with ongoing analysis done by a larger interdisciplinary team. In situ researchers joined as software engineers and participated in daily work activities while observing development practices and analyzing software (in)security. The first year of research found that improving security during software development can be helped by a co-creation model, whereby security experts work directly with software developers to provide security tools applicable to the specific software within the workflow. Researchers-as-developers fostered conversations, concerns, and considerations of how to implement security within the process of development. The second year used a situated learning approach to understand the interface between software development, security, and the development team. Through an interactive learning process, software engineers gathered knowledge and applied it, helping to foster greater concerns for security as part of the overall “culture” of development within the company. This locally situated co-creation approach has resonances with participatory approaches in business anthropology and implications for how to promote the co-creation of knowledge and expertise more broadly.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45830863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Designing for Sustainability: A Web-based Tool for Water Reclamation 可持续性设计：一个基于Web的水资源回收工具

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-82.1.48

M. Wakhungu, N. Rezaei, N. Diaz-Elsayed, Jiayi Hua, Minh Pham, Qiong Zhang

引用次数: 0

Is the Longue Durée a Legal Argument?: Understanding Takings Doctrine in Climate Change and Settler Colonial Contexts in the United States Longue Durée是一场法律争论吗？：理解气候变化中的Takings学说与美国殖民者的殖民语境

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.4.348

E. Marino, Alessandra Jerolleman, Nathaniel L. Jessee, Annie Weyiouanna, Meghan Sigvana Topkok, Eli Keene, S. Manda

引用次数: 1

Latinxs in Chicago: Managing Health Inequities with Community Centers 拉丁裔在芝加哥:管理社区中心的健康不平等

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.4.327

Lilian L. Milanés

引用次数: 0

Returning to the “Natural State”: Trail Trees and Settler Colonial Conservation in the Arkansas Ozarks 回归“自然状态”:阿肯色州奥扎克地区的小径树木和定居者殖民地保护

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.4.338

Ramey Moore

引用次数: 0

Teaching Ethnographic Methods: The State of the Art 民族志教学方法的现状

IF 0.8 4区社会学

Human Organization Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.4.401

A. Ruth, Katherine Mayfour, J. Hardin, T. Sangaramoorthy, A. Wutich, H. Bernard, A. Brewis, Melissa Beresford, Cindi Sturtzsreetharan, Bryan McKinley Jones Brayboy, H. Dengah, C. Gravlee, G. Guest, K. Harper, P. Mahdavi, S. Mattison, Mark Moritz, R. Negrón, B. Piperata, Jeffrey G. Snodgrass, Rebecca K. Zarger

{"title":"Teaching Ethnographic Methods: The State of the Art","authors":"A. Ruth, Katherine Mayfour, J. Hardin, T. Sangaramoorthy, A. Wutich, H. Bernard, A. Brewis, Melissa Beresford, Cindi Sturtzsreetharan, Bryan McKinley Jones Brayboy, H. Dengah, C. Gravlee, G. Guest, K. Harper, P. Mahdavi, S. Mattison, Mark Moritz, R. Negrón, B. Piperata, Jeffrey G. Snodgrass, Rebecca K. Zarger","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.4.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.4.401","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnography is a core methodology in anthropology and other disciplines. Yet, there is currently no scholarly consensus on how to teach ethnographic methods—or even what methods belong in the ethnographic toolkit. We report on a systematic analysis of syllabi to gauge how ethnographic methods are taught in the United States. We analyze 107 methods syllabi from a nationally elicited sample of university faculty who teach ethnography. Systematic coding shows that ethics, research design, participant observation, interviewing, and analysis are central to ethnographic instruction. But many key components of ethical, quality ethnographic practice (like preparing an IRB application, reflexivity, positionality, taking field notes, accurate transcription, theme identification, and coding) are only taught rarely. We suggest that, without inclusion of such elements in its basic training, the fields that prioritize this methodology are at risk of inadvertently perpetuating uneven, erratic, and extractive fieldwork practices.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47472878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0