Mónica Hernández-López , Antonio Cepeda-Benito , Thomas Geist , Paula Torres-Dotor , Emily Pomichter , Miguel Rodríguez-Valverde
{"title":"Validation of the Spanish version of the body image acceptance and action questionnaire (BI-AAQ-Spanish): Measurement invariance across cultures","authors":"Mónica Hernández-López , Antonio Cepeda-Benito , Thomas Geist , Paula Torres-Dotor , Emily Pomichter , Miguel Rodríguez-Valverde","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Body Image Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ) and its recently developed 5-item version, the BI-AAQ-5. The BI-AAQ measures psychological flexibility/inflexibility regarding body image. A sample of Spanish adults (n = 938) completed the BI-AAQ and a battery of measures (including body mass index, psychological flexibility, exposure to and internalization of sociocultural body image expectations, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms). Measurement invariance was tested against a U.S. American adult sample (n = 866) that completed the English version of the BI-AAQ. The unidimensional factor structure of the BI-AAQ and BI-AAQ-5 was replicated in both samples using confirmatory factor analysis, with model fit indexes ranging from adequate (e.g., CFI = 0.95) to excellent (e.g., CFI = 0.99). Internal consistency was good for both instruments across samples (α = 0.90 to 0.97). Measurement invariance analyses confirmed full configural and metric invariance and scalar partial invariance. The Spanish BI-AAQ and BI-AAQ-5 showed clear evidence of convergent and incremental construct validity. Both instruments’ scores correlated substantively with theoretically related variables. In addition, the results of a conditional process analysis showed that body-image psychological flexibility measured with either instrument moderated the mediated effect of pressure to conform to cultural ideals of body image on disordered eating through internalization of body image ideals and body dissatisfaction. We concluded both instruments are likely suitable for conducting cross-cultural research with Spanish and English-speaking samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100755"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Ciarrochi , Baljinder Sahdra , Madeleine I. Fraser , Steven C. Hayes , Keong Yap , Andrew T. Gloster
{"title":"The compassion connection: Experience sampling insights into romantic attraction","authors":"Joseph Ciarrochi , Baljinder Sahdra , Madeleine I. Fraser , Steven C. Hayes , Keong Yap , Andrew T. Gloster","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our study examines the relationship between self-compassion, other-compassion, and romantic attraction in couples, and questions the psychological homogeneity assumption—the idea that psychological responses are uniform across individuals and couples. We analyzed data from 161 participants in 84 couples, with an average age 32 (SD = 12.02), using smartphones for event sampling six times daily over a week to measure self-compassion, other-compassion, and attraction. Through within-person and network analysis, we discovered significant variability in how self and other-compassion influence attraction, identifying two distinct couple types: “synergistic,” where compassion significantly affects attraction, and “independent,” where it does not. Further analysis revealed that, when other-compassion is accounted for, males with high self-compassion were less attracted to their female partners. The significant diversity in how individuals and couples experience compassion and attraction challenges the assumption that conclusions drawn from group averages can be universally applied to individual couples. Clinically this means that efforts to enhance compassion in couples therapy should be tailored to the couple's unique dynamics. Indeed, for some men, emphasizing self-compassion without considering other-compassion could even be <em>detrimental</em> to the relationship. Our findings highlight the need for nuanced case formulation and personalized treatment planning in couples therapy, underscoring the complexity of relationship dynamics and the importance of rejecting “one size fits all” assumptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212144724000292/pdfft?md5=fdfdaeae997e463427f049ef756fc2f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2212144724000292-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140196788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying a process-based therapy approach to compassion focused therapy: A synergetic alliance","authors":"Madeleine I. Fraser, Kaja Gregory","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) targets underlying shame and self-criticism to shift one's style of self-relating and capacity to engage with a soothing-affiliate mode. CFT has a strong evidence-base and has been adapted for diverse presenting problems and populations. CFT can serve as a stand-alone treatment approach, or an effective addition to other evidence-based approaches. This theoretical article proposes that CFT is a complementary and synergetic match with a Process-Based Therapy (PBT). This article outlines the theoretical compatibility of the two approaches before presenting an applied case study to illustrate a CFT case formulation using a PBT framework. An illustrative treatment plan is also proposed using the Extended Evolutionary Meta-Model (EEMM). Directions for further research to understand the exact mechanisms of action of CFT and its potential synergetic effects on other treatment approaches are proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212144724000346/pdfft?md5=3f16be8ab07bcce921b047638896a603&pid=1-s2.0-S2212144724000346-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140160627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura E. Bijkerk , Mark Spigt , Anke Oenema , Nicole Geschwind
{"title":"Engagement with mental health and health behavior change interventions: An integrative review of key concepts","authors":"Laura E. Bijkerk , Mark Spigt , Anke Oenema , Nicole Geschwind","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low intervention engagement is common in mental health and health behavior change interventions, but research on engagement is scattered, and heterogeneity in the definition and measurement of engagement is large. To aid future engagement research, we conducted an integrative review in which we 1) discuss definitions of engagement, 2) highlight four complementary models of engagement, and 3) propose an integrative conceptual model of engagement. We searched for definitions and models of engagement in in-person, digital, and blended mental health or health behavior change interventions. Forty studies provided definitions of engagement, which were discussed and categorized. We found that most models and definitions focused on behavioral dimensions of engagement, even though our synthesis of literature indicates that engagement is a complex multidimensional, and dynamic process that consists of behavioral, cognitive, and affective dimensions. Engagement is influenced by contextual factors, such as person- and intervention characteristics, and dynamic factors, such as a person's relationship with the care provider, and motivation for treatment. Levels of engagement vary throughout the intervention process, with intervention effects reciprocally reinforcing engagement through a positive feedback loop. To guide future research on engagement, we designed an integrative conceptual model of engagement, based on existing definitions and theories that considers the complexity of engagement and is applicable in multidisciplinary contexts. Future research ideally has a multidisciplinary and contextual focus and assesses the relationship between engagement and its related constructs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212144724000280/pdfft?md5=537b2f92683b3aecb7211129f89105e6&pid=1-s2.0-S2212144724000280-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The extended evolutionary meta-model and process-based therapy: Contemporary lenses for understanding functional analytic psychotherapy","authors":"Daniel W.M. Maitland","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) is a type of psychotherapy often described as \"process-based\" because treatment targets are idiographically defined, and intervention strategies are specified in behavioral principles. Recently, refinements have been made to the idea of process-based therapy (PBT) that incorporates an expanded evolutionary meta-model (EEMM). The present discussion articulates how FAP fits into current conceptualizations of engaging in PBT. I argue that embracing a PBT approach to treatment can enhance therapeutic outcomes by expanding the conceptualization of clinically relevant behaviors to be viewed as a series of interrelated processes. EEMM dimensions are explored as clinically relevant behaviors, and established FAP intervention strategies for some of these dimensions are discussed. This expanded conceptualization of FAP is applied to a case example before future directions for FAP are discussed in the context of a process based approach to treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212144724000309/pdfft?md5=33c16637b0a83fa47fa2c332eeca64df&pid=1-s2.0-S2212144724000309-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robyn D. Walser , Wyatt R. Evans , Jacob K. Farnsworth , Kent D. Drescher
{"title":"Initial steps in developing acceptance and commitment therapy for moral injury among combat veterans: Two pilot studies","authors":"Robyn D. Walser , Wyatt R. Evans , Jacob K. Farnsworth , Kent D. Drescher","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Moral injury is an emerging construct often related to the aftermath of warzone transgressions that violate deeply held moral values. The post-moral injury fallout includes various longstanding, distressing, and impactful experiences ranging from depression to substance abuse to posttraumatic stress disorder and other problems in life functioning. Developing effective treatments is crucial in assisting those affected by moral injury. This article describes the early development of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for moral injury with two samples of veterans using theoretical and “bottom-up” processes. Revisions were based on an iterative discussion process that included pre- and post-group briefings and recordings of sessions. Descriptive and qualitative data linked to the delivery of the intervention and ACT processes data are also presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100733"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stress and mental health: The role of emotional schemas and psychological flexibility in the context of COVID-19","authors":"Rita Sebastião , David Dias Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stress has been associated with mental health. During the COVID-19 pandemic, stress responses were identified as an important factor affecting mental health. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Following a process-based approach, emotional schemas and psychological flexibility seem to be promising processes for understanding these impacts. The present study aims to evaluate the role of two potential processes – emotional schemas and psychological flexibility – in the relationship between stress responses and (positive and negative) mental health. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 583 individuals from the Portuguese population (<em>M</em> age = 44.8, 64.3% females). They completed measures of stress responses, emotional schemas, psychological flexibility, positive and negative mental health. The results demonstrated that emotional schemas and psychological flexibility significantly mediate the relationship between stress responses and mental health. Our findings highlight the importance of attending to emotional schemas and psychological flexibility within stressful contexts. Furthermore, it stresses the need to develop individualised intervention programs that target emotional schemas and psychological flexibility to promote and protect mental health, ultimately decreasing symptoms and increasing well-being.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100736"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212144724000164/pdfft?md5=4eb676cdb1000737137dc05d7afde046&pid=1-s2.0-S2212144724000164-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspective taking reduces the correspondence bias: A systematically replication of Hooper et al. (2015)","authors":"Cibele Pacheco Gomide , William Ferreira Perez , Candido Vinicius Bocaiuva Barnsley Pessôa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Correspondence bias has been extensively described in the scientific literature, along with its harmful consequences to relationships, decision-making, etc. Interventions aiming to reduce correspondence bias or its negative impact have been also offered. In this regard, the present study systematically replicated Hooper et al. (2015) to observe the effect of a brief perspective-taking training based on Relational Frame Theory (RFT-PT) on correspondence bias. Eighty-one participants were randomized into four groups, two experimental groups that underwent training and two control groups that answered a general knowledge questionnaire. To observe the extent of correspondence bias and the effect of training on this phenomenon, all participants were exposed to an experimental condition involving the Attitude Attribution Paradigm consisting of essays in favor of or against meritocracy. This condition demanded that the participant read an essay about meritocracy, supposedly written by a candidate in a selection process, and attribute to the declarant a position in favor or against meritocracy. Attenuation of correspondence bias was observed in the groups that underwent the RFT-PT compared to the control groups, supporting the hypothesis that the opportunity to vary perspectives may decrease correspondence bias. An analysis of correspondence bias in light of the RFT is suggested.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100735"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140056911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marissa L. Donahue, Jeremiah E. Fruge, Felicia J. Andresen, Michael P. Twohig
{"title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) among U.S. veterans: A systematic review","authors":"Marissa L. Donahue, Jeremiah E. Fruge, Felicia J. Andresen, Michael P. Twohig","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Veterans of the United States military represent a large sample of the population and a distinctive culture. Veterans have a high prevalence rate of a variety of psychological disorders and disabilities. Research on treatments that meet the needs of this culturally unique group is essential. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) may meet this need with its unified treatment approach and its focus on functioning rather than diagnosis. In this study we examine the current state of the literature of ACT for U.S. Veterans. A systematic review of 249 papers found 34 unique relevant studies involving 21 single arm studies, eight randomized clinical trials, two non-randomized controlled trials, and three case studies that met inclusion criteria. Overall, results suggest ACT is a promising intervention for Veterans across multiple conditions (e.g., anxiety disorders, depression, chronic pain) as well as intervention delivery (in-person and telehealth) and type (group and individual therapy). Limitations highlighted include recruitment methods of studies included, lack of active control conditions, and the limited number of randomized trials. Future researchers should continue to examine which presentations respond to ACT and seek to understand what types of adaptations may be necessary to increase the effectiveness of ACT for U.S. Veterans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100731"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140003013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Cunha , Ana Temido , Soraia Moniz , Ana Galhardo
{"title":"Assessing psychological flexibility and mental health in adults: The Psy-Flex European Portuguese version","authors":"Marina Cunha , Ana Temido , Soraia Moniz , Ana Galhardo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study developed the European Portuguese version of the Psy-Flex. Its factor structure was studied through confirmatory factor analysis in a large community sample (N = 700) and cross-validated in calibration and validation samples created from the original sample. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed a sample and sex-invariant single-factor structure with a very good fit to the data. These analyses supported good reliability and test-retest reliability in the PsyFlex European Portuguese version. Correlations with related and unrelated constructs were indicative of convergent and predictive validity. Because it is short and easy-to-use, it reduces participant burden and may be useful in clinical and research settings. The European Portuguese Psy-Flex version will allow the broadening of research possibilities not only in Portugal but also across cultural contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100730"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140014515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}