Jin Geun Kwon, Yeongsong Kim, Min Young Jang, Hyunsuk Peter Suh, Changsik John Pak, Vaughan Keeley, Jae Yong Jeon, Joon Pio Hong
{"title":"The Quality of Life after Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis in 118 Lower Limb Lymphedema Patients.","authors":"Jin Geun Kwon, Yeongsong Kim, Min Young Jang, Hyunsuk Peter Suh, Changsik John Pak, Vaughan Keeley, Jae Yong Jeon, Joon Pio Hong","doi":"10.1055/a-2117-4478","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2117-4478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b> This is a prospective study on 118 patients who underwent lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) due to secondary lower limb lymphedema between January 2018 and October 2020 to evaluate patients' quality of life (QOL) using the Quality of Life Measure for Limb Lymphedema (LYMQoL) questionnaire. <b>Methods</b> The outcome measurement included the LYMQoL leg scoring system tool evaluating the function, appearance, symptom, mood, and overall outcome. In addition, correlation analysis was performed for three factors: based on International Society of Lymphology (ISL) stages, disease duration, and amount of volume reduction. <b>Results</b> The LYMQoL tool overall satisfaction score significantly increased at all intervals from 4.4 ± 0.2 preoperative to 6.5 ± 0.3 postoperative at 12 months ( <i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant findings were seen for each domain scores compared preoperatively and at 12 months: function score (18.6 ± 0.5 to 15.4 ± 0.6), appearance score (17.8 ± 0.5 to 16.0 ± 0.6), symptom score (11.8 ± 0.3 to 8.9 ± 0.4), and mood score (14.5 ± 0.4 to 11.4 ± 0.5; <i>p</i> < 0.05). The correlation analysis between improvement of the overall score and the ISL stage ( <i>p</i> = 0.610, correlation coefficient [ <i>r</i> ] = - 0.047), disease duration ( <i>p</i> = 0.659, <i>r</i> = - 0.041), and amount of limb volume reduction ( <i>p</i> = 0.454, <i>r</i> = - 0.070) showed no statistical significance. <b>Conclusion</b> The QOL of secondary lower limb lymphedema patients was significantly improved after LVA regardless of the severity of disease, duration of disease, and amount of volume reduction after LVA. Understanding the patient-reported outcome measurement will help the surgeons to manage and guide the expectations of the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10556310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41167830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fully Digital Auricular Splint Workflow for Post-Keloid Excision.","authors":"Rahmat Maria, Yee Onn Kok, Khim Hean Teoh","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771271","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1771271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ear keloids are challenging lesions to treat due to high recurrence rates postexcision. Conservative compression techniques as adjunct treatment have been reported to be effective. An innovative technique of using computer-aided design/computed-aided manufacturing to print a customized auricular splint improves efficiency and comfort level for patients compared with conventional methods. The ear is scanned using an intraoral scanning 2 weeks postsurgery. A two-piece auricular splint is designed on the digital model, incorporating perforated projections for three nylon screws for retention of the splint. The splint is printed with clear acrylic material, postprocessed, and finished. The patient is taught to assemble the components of the splint and instructed to wear for at least 8 hours daily. The surgery site reviewed for any ulceration, pain, or recurrence of keloid for 6 months. During the 6-month review, the excision scar remained flat and pink. The patient also reports unrestricted daily activities. The digital workflow increases comfort for the patient and reduces the number of hours required to produce a customized auricular splint compared with conventional methods. A fully digital workflow for a printed auricular splint should be considered for adjunctive treatment to excision of ear keloids.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10736199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45567157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rawaa Y Al-Rawee, Bashar Abdul-Ghani Tawfeeq, Ahmed Mothafar Hamodat, Zaid Salim Tawfek
{"title":"Consequence of Synthetic Bone Substitute Used for Alveolar Cleft Graft Reconstruction (Preliminary Clinical Study).","authors":"Rawaa Y Al-Rawee, Bashar Abdul-Ghani Tawfeeq, Ahmed Mothafar Hamodat, Zaid Salim Tawfek","doi":"10.1055/a-2113-3084","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2113-3084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b> The outcome of alveolar grafting with synthetic bone substitute (Osteon III) in various bone defect volumes is highlighted. <b>Methods</b> A prospective study was accomplished on 55 patients (6-13 years of age) with unilateral alveolar bone cleft. Osteon III, consisting of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, is used to reconstruct the defect. Alveolus defect diameter was calculated before surgery (V1), after 3 months (V2), and finally after 6 months (V3) postsurgery. In the <i>t</i> -test, a significant difference and correlation between V1, V2, and V3 are stated. A <i>p-</i> value of 0.01 is considered a significant difference between parameters. <b>Results</b> The degree of cleft is divided into three categories: small (9 cases), medium (20 patients), and large (26 cases).The bone volume of the clefted site is divided into three steps: volume 1: (mean 18.1091 mm <sup>3</sup> ); step 2: after 3 months, volume 2 resembles the amount of unhealed defect (mean 0.5109 mm <sup>3</sup> ); and the final bone volume assessment is made after 6 months (22.5455 mm <sup>3</sup> ). Both show statistically significant differences in bone volume formation. <b>Conclusion</b> An alloplastic bone substitute can also be used as a graft material because of its unlimited bone retrieval. Osteon III can be used to reconstruct the alveolar cleft smoothly and effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10556338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allen Wei Jiat Wong, Yee Onn Kok, Khong Yik Chew, Bien Keem Tan
{"title":"High-Fidelity Perforator Visualization for Cadaver Dissection in Surgical Training.","authors":"Allen Wei Jiat Wong, Yee Onn Kok, Khong Yik Chew, Bien Keem Tan","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771272","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1771272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the first half of the third century B.C., Herophilus and Erasistratus performed the first systematic dissection of the human body. For subsequent centuries, these cadaveric dissections were key to the advancement of anatomical knowledge and surgical techniques. To this day, despite various instructional methods, cadaver dissection remained the best way for surgical training. To improve the quality of education and research through cadaveric dissection, our institution has developed a unique method of perforator-preserving cadaver injection, allowing us to achieve high-fidelity perforator visualization for dissection studies, at low cost and high efficacy. Ten full body cadavers were sectioned through the base of neck, bilateral shoulder, and hip joints. The key was to dissect multiple perfusing arteries and draining veins for each section, to increase \"capture\" of vascular territories. The vessels were carefully flushed, insufflated, and then filled with latex dye. Our injection dye comprised of liquid latex, formalin, and acrylic paint in the ratio of 1:2:1. Different endpoints were used to assess adequacy of injection, such as reconstitution of eyeball volume, skin turgor, visible dye in subcutaneous veins, and seepage of dye through stab incisions in digital pulps. Dissections demonstrated the effectiveness of the dye, outlining even the small osseous perforators of the medial femoral condyle flap and subconjunctival plexuses. Our technique emphasized atraumatic preparation, recreation of luminal space through insufflation, and finally careful injection of latex dye with adequate curing. This has allowed high-fidelity perforator visualization for dissection studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10736179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43500307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Perspectives in Vaginal Laxity Measurement: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Indri Aulia, Michelle Valeria","doi":"10.1055/a-2113-3202","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2113-3202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This scoping review aimed to identify and categorize the available measurement options for vaginal laxity (VL), their indications of use, and whether these measurements can sufficiently provide objective clinical judgment for cases indicated for vaginal rejuvenation with many treatment options nowadays. Systematic searches were conducted on five electronic databases, manually searching articles' bibliographies and predetermined key journals with no date or study design limitations. We included all studies involving VL in their inclusion criteria, treatment indications, and outcome parameters. We used the Arksey and O'Malley frameworks as the guideline in writing this scoping review. Of the 9,464 articles identified, 66 articles and 11,258 subjects were included in the final analysis. The majority of studies were conducted in obstetrics and gynecology (73%), followed by plastic surgery (10%), medical rehabilitation (4.5%), dermatology (4.5%), and others (8%). Most studies originated from the North American region (30%). The following measurement tools were used: (1) interviews, (2) questionnaires, (3) physical/digital examinations, (4) perineometers, and (5) others. Our results suggested that subjective perception of laxity confirmed by directed interview or questionnaire is sufficient to confirm VL. Additional evaluation of pelvic floor muscle through digital examination or perineometer or other preferred tools and evaluation of sexual function through validated questionnaire (Female Sexual Function Index, Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised, etc.) should follow to ensure holistic care to patients. Future research on the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of commonly used measurements and the correlation in between subjective and objective measurements should be initiated before their clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10556325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safety and Pitfalls of Blepharoptosis Surgery in Elderly People.","authors":"Yuji Shirakawa, Kazuhisa Uemura, Shinji Kumegawa, Kazuki Ueno, Hiroki Iwanishi, Shizuya Saika, Shinichi Asamura","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770082","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1770082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b> Elderly patients often have complications of blepharoptosis surgery that can result in the appearance or exacerbation of superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK). However, postoperative changes to SPK status have not been previously reported. We used subjective assessment of symptoms and measurement of SPK scale classification to investigate the safety and efficacy of blepharoptosis surgery in elderly patients. <b>Methods</b> Included in this prospective study were 22 patients (44 eyes) with bilateral blepharoptosis that underwent surgery. Patients comprised 8 males and 14 females with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 75.7 ± 8.2 years (range: 61-89). Blepharoptosis surgery consisted of transcutaneous levator advancement and blepharoplasty including resection of soft tissue (skin, subcutaneous tissue, and the orbicularis oculi muscle). Margin reflex distance-1 (MRD-1) measurement, a questionnaire survey of symptoms and SPK scale classification, was administered preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively for evaluation. <b>Results</b> The median MRD-1 was 1 mm preoperatively and 2.5 mm postoperatively, representing a significant postoperative improvement. SPK area and density scores were found to increase when the MRD-1 increase was more than 2.5 mm with surgery. All 10 items on the questionnaire tended have increased scores after surgery, and significant differences were observed in 7 items (poor visibility, ocular fatigue, heavy eyelid, foreign body sensation, difficulty in focusing, headaches, and stiff shoulders). <b>Conclusion</b> Blepharoptosis surgery was found to be a safe and effective way to maintain the increase in MRD-1 within 2.0 mm. Despite the benefits, surgeons must nonetheless be aware that blepharoptosis surgery is a delicate procedure in elderly people.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10556323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gianluca Sapino, Rik Osinga, Michele Maruccia, Martino Guiotto, Martin Clauss, Olivier Borens, David Guillier, Pietro Giovanni di Summa
{"title":"Role of the Gastrocnemius Musculocutaneous with a Propeller Style Skin Flap in Knee Region Reconstruction: Indications and Pitfalls.","authors":"Gianluca Sapino, Rik Osinga, Michele Maruccia, Martino Guiotto, Martin Clauss, Olivier Borens, David Guillier, Pietro Giovanni di Summa","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768644","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1768644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b> Soft tissue reconstruction around the knee area is still an open question, particularly in persistent infections and multiple reoperations scenario. Flap coverage should guarantee joint mobility and protection, even when foreign materials are implanted. The chimeric harvesting of the musculocutaneous gastrocnemius flap, based on the sural artery perforators, can extend its applicability in soft tissue reconstruction of the upper leg, overcoming the drawbacks of the alternative pedicled flaps. <b>Methods</b> A multicenter retrospective study was conducted enrolling patients who underwent to a pedicled, chimeric gastrocnemius musculocutaneous-medial sural artery perforator (GM-MSAP) or lateral sural artery perforator (GM-LSAP) flap for knee coverage in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) recurrent infections and oncological or traumatic defects of the upper leg from 2018 to 2021. Outcomes evaluated were the successful soft tissue reconstruction and flap complications. Surgical timing, reconstruction planning, technique, and rehabilitation protocols were discussed. <b>Results</b> Twenty-one patients were included in the study. Nineteen GM-MSAPs and 2 GM-LSAPs were performed (soft tissue reconstruction in infected TKA [12], in infected hardware [4], and in oncological patients [5]). Donor site was closed primarily in 9 cases, whereas a skin graft was required in 12. Flap wound dehiscence (1), distal flap necrosis (1), distal necrosis of the skin paddle (1), and donor site infection (1) were the encountered complications. Flap reraise associated to implant exchange or extensive debridement was successful without requiring any further flap surgery. <b>Conclusion</b> The propeller-perforator GM-MSAP offers qualitative defect coverage and easiness of multiple flap reraise due to skin availability and its laxity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10736208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49202489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harry Burton, Alexios Dimitrios Iliadis, Neil Jones, Aaron Saini, Nicola Bystrzonowski, Alexandros Vris, Georgios Pafitanis
{"title":"Osteocutaneous Turn-Up Fillet Flaps: A Spare-Parts Orthoplastic Surgery Option for a Functional Posttraumatic Below-Knee Amputation.","authors":"Harry Burton, Alexios Dimitrios Iliadis, Neil Jones, Aaron Saini, Nicola Bystrzonowski, Alexandros Vris, Georgios Pafitanis","doi":"10.1055/a-2033-5803","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2033-5803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article portrays the authors' experience with a complex lower limb bone and soft tissue defect, following chronic osteomyelitis and pathological fracture, which was managed by the multidisciplinary orthoplastic team. The decision for functional amputation versus limb salvage was deemed necessary, enhanced by the principles of \"spare parts\" in reconstructive microsurgery. This case describes the successful use of the osteocutaneous distal tibia turn-up fillet flap that allowed \"lowering the level of the amputation\" from a through knee to a below-knee amputation (BKA) to preserve the knee joint function. We comprehensibly review reports of turn-up flaps which effectively lower the level of amputation, also applying \"spare-parts\" surgery principles and explore how these concepts refine complex orthoplastic approaches when limb salvage is not possible to enhance function. The osteocutaneous distal tibia turn-up fillet flap is a robust technique for modified BKA reconstructions that provides sufficient bone length to achieve a tough, sensate stump and functional knee joint.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10556299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jyi Cheng Ng, Ahmad Ibrahim Ahmad Zaidi, Jun De Lee, Mohd Faisal Jabar
{"title":"Meek Micrografting Technique for Reconstruction of Extensive Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Anterior Abdomen and Bilateral Femoral Region: A Case Report.","authors":"Jyi Cheng Ng, Ahmad Ibrahim Ahmad Zaidi, Jun De Lee, Mohd Faisal Jabar","doi":"10.1055/a-2077-5745","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2077-5745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon yet fatal soft tissue infection. Current recommended treatment includes antibiotics with repeat surgical exploration and wound debridement followed by reconstruction. In burn patients, the Meek micrograft has demonstrated a higher true expansion ratio, faster reepithelialization rate, more resilient toward infection, and reduced risk of graft failure as compared with meshed graft. To our best knowledge, the use of Meek micrografting technique in reconstruction of postdebridement wounds of necrotizing fasciitis has not been reported. Hereby, we present a case of a 57-year-old gentleman who was referred to us for wound reconstruction after surgical debridement of Fournier's gangrene and extensive necrotizing fasciitis involving the anterior abdomen and bilateral femoral region. Meek micrografting technique was used to reconstruct the anterior abdomen as the wound bed was large. Although the graft was complicated with a small area of localized infection, it did not spread across the entire graft and was successfully treated with topical antibiotics and regular wound dressing. In our case, wound reconstruction using Meek micrografting technique in a patient with extensive necrotizing fasciitis was successful and showed positive outcome. Therefore, we suggest further studies to be conducted to investigate the applications and outcomes of the Meek micrografting technique, especially in patients with extensive wound bed and limited donor site availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10736206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49242390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emanuela C Peshel, Claire M McNary, Catherine Barkach, Elizabeth M Boudiab, Daniella Vega, Farid Nossoni, Kongkrit Chaiyasate, Jeremy M Powers
{"title":"Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Complications of Pedicled Latissimus Flap Breast Reconstruction.","authors":"Emanuela C Peshel, Claire M McNary, Catherine Barkach, Elizabeth M Boudiab, Daniella Vega, Farid Nossoni, Kongkrit Chaiyasate, Jeremy M Powers","doi":"10.1055/a-2045-8122","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2045-8122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The latissimus dorsi (LD) flap is a reliable option for breast reconstruction. This is particularly true in patients with contraindications to abdominally based autologous breast reconstruction. A systematic review of patient satisfaction and health related quality of life following LD breast reconstruction using the BREAST-Q survey was conducted. The scope of the review was to determine the degree of patient satisfaction following the procedure and to examine how patient satisfaction from the pedicled LD flap compares to other breast reconstructive procedures. A literature search on BREAST-Q in LD flap reconstruction was performed. Only articles written in English and in published peer-reviewed journals were included. Studies with less than 20 patients in their sample and those with a follow-up period of less than 1 year were excluded. Five articles representing 331 patients were reviewed, including one case-control study and four retrospective cohort studies. Level of evidence was either III (4) or IV (1). The average age was 53 with average body mass index of 25. Most reconstructions were delayed (67%) and unilateral (88%), and most patients required radiation (79%). The average length of follow-up was 36 months, and the response rate was 75%. Overall, patients who underwent LD flap reconstruction reported favorable outcomes in satisfaction domains and quality of life domains with few complications. A meta-analysis also demonstrated higher satisfaction in LD flap without implants compared with LD flap with implants. Patient-reported outcomes following LD breast reconstruction compare favorably with other techniques of breast reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":47543,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Plastic Surgery-APS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10411213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}