{"title":"Government Support for Startups: A Comprehensive Analysis of Funding Initiatives and the Role of the Indian Government in Nurturing the Startup Ecosystem","authors":"Anurag Piyamrao Wasnik, Abhinav Jain","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.523","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper explores the role of government funds and initiatives in nurturing and enhancing startup ecosystems. Focusing on the Indian context, the study examines the comprehensive support provided by the Indian government to promote the growth and development of startups. Through a robust methodology involving secondary research and systematic review of government sources, the research identifies and catalogs nearly 50 distinct startup schemes, including grants, subsidies, incubators and financial assistance programs. The Indian government has dedicated divisions and ministries, such as Atal Innovation Mission and the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), to provide comprehensive assistance to new enterprises. Moreover, the government has prioritized the establishment of high-quality incubators and accelerators across the country to foster collaboration, innovation, and knowledge exchange among entrepreneurs. The research underscores the vital role played by government funds and initiatives in overcoming financial barriers and empowering startups to pursue innovative ideas. The remarkable progress made by India in the Global Innovation Index rankings further demonstrates the positive impact of government investment in nurturing a thriving startup ecosystem. The success stories of other vibrant startup ecosystems, such as Singapore, Israel, and Barcelona, further underscore the importance of government funding and initiatives in driving startup growth and success. The research concludes that government support serves as a catalyst for the development of vibrant startup ecosystems, driving economic growth, job creation, and societal advancement. The research contributes to the existing knowledge on entrepreneurship and startup ecosystem development, enabling stakeholders to capitalize on the government's support system.","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136249296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. A. Sahabuddin, Edy Sulistyadi, P. Suwarno, Supandi Halim, Mochamad Ramza Rapier Gussa
{"title":"The Sustainable Factors of the East Priangan Micro and Small Entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Z. A. Sahabuddin, Edy Sulistyadi, P. Suwarno, Supandi Halim, Mochamad Ramza Rapier Gussa","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.517","url":null,"abstract":"In Indonesia, the number of micro and small businesses is dominant; therefore, their economic defense against uncertainty becomes vital, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. By utilizing the explorative approach, this study wants to know the effect of this pandemic on the ability of micro and small businesses in East Priangan to sustain and detect their internal and external sustainability factors during this pandemic. Furthermore, to accomplish these purposes, this study uses interviews to get the data based on the viewpoint of the eight businesspersons in one city: Tasikmalaya, and two regencies: Pangandaran and Ciamis. Based on the result, this study concludes that a heavily damaging effect exists in the business related to tourist attractions (a restaurant in Pangandaran), supplier of materials to restaurants (a tempeh producer in Ciamis), and crowding creation (the seller of various snacks and a wedding organizer in Ciamis). Meanwhile, the middle-damaging impact happens in the coffee shop in Tasikmalaya, the hawker of round-shaped snacks with a chewy texture, and the food staller of hollow tofu with a sauce made of salt, onion, and brown sugar in Ciamis but a street vegetable hawker in Ciamis experiences low-damaging influence. After being asked about internal and external sustainable factors fronting this pandemic, they declare that having money left and using Instagram and WhatsApp to receive consumer orders become their internal sustainable factors. Meanwhile, receiving government aid is an external factor for business survival during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77835607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable Supply Chain in the Textile and Garment Industry of Vietnam","authors":"Thi Mai Huong Doan, Tram Anh Vu","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136276955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shinta Heru Satoto, Hasa Nurrohim KP, C Ambar Pujiharjanto
{"title":"Analysis of Interest in Forming Cooperatives in Kayoman Village, Gedangsari District, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta","authors":"Shinta Heru Satoto, Hasa Nurrohim KP, C Ambar Pujiharjanto","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.529","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hoang Thanh Tung, Nguyen Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Quoc Anh
{"title":"Research on Digital Marketing for Play Nutrition’s Nutrition Bar","authors":"Hoang Thanh Tung, Nguyen Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Quoc Anh","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.06.03.534","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136276546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESG score, board structure and the impact of the non-financial reporting directive on European firms","authors":"Marco Bigelli, Stefano Mengoli, Sandro Sandri","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of the EU Non-Financial Reporting Directive on the significance of specific board characteristics in promoting higher ESG scores among 835 European companies listed from 2002 to 2020. Empirical results indicate that gender diversity<span>, cultural diversity, a higher number of independent directors on the board, and the presence of a CSR committee all significantly contribute to achieving higher ESG scores. Furthermore, the Non-Financial Reporting Directive 95/2014, which requires large EU firms to report on various environmental, social, and governance issues, not only drives EU firms to attain higher ESG scores but also significantly reduces the ESG gap between companies with and without a CSR committee. Meanwhile, other board characteristics have maintained their relevance to a substantial extent.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85025009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of bank competition on contagion risk: The case of Mexico","authors":"Enrique Bátiz-Zuk , José Luis Lara-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the link between bank competition measures and risk indicators using quarterly interbank exposures data for all banks in Mexico during 2008Q1–2019Q1. The classical literature focuses on disentangling the link between competition and individual bank solvency risk. In this paper, we take one step forward in analyzing the relationship between competition and systemic risk. We use counterfactual bank-level contagion risk indicators as a proxy of systemic risk to assess their relationship with traditional competition measures. Our main finding indicates a negative relationship between the bank-level Lerner index and systemic risk. This means that an increase in competition is associated with an increase in systemic risk. Additionally, we find that the implementation of regulatory reform during the period studied does not affect this relationship.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83651658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Hero to Zero: The case of Silicon Valley Bank","authors":"Lai Van Vo , Huong Thi Thu Le","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the factors contributing to the rapid collapse of Silicon Valley Bank, once regarded as one of the best banks. We show that the bank invested heavily in debt securities during a period of low interest rates, and the subsequent surge in interest rates in 2022 resulted in significant unrealized losses. Additionally, the bank's deposits were heavily concentrated among a small group of venture capitalists, which increased the likelihood of a bank run. Furthermore, the bank held less equity capital and had an inefficient risk management system, exacerbating the impact of the risk. Overall, the mismanagement of assets and liabilities led to the bank’s failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anisur Rahman , Bakhtear Talukdar , Zaifeng Steve Fan
{"title":"Board independence and analysts' forecast accuracy: R&D perspective","authors":"Anisur Rahman , Bakhtear Talukdar , Zaifeng Steve Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research and development (<em>R&D</em>) activities are essential for firm growth and profitability. However, <em>R&D</em> activities also exacerbate information complexity in the financial markets. Therefore, the accuracy of earnings forecasts suffers when <em>R&D</em> expenses are high. This study aims to examine whether board independence can mitigate the adverse effect of high <em>R&D</em> expenditure on analysts' forecasts. Using a sample of 11,645 annual observations from 1997 to 2016, we find that board independence improves analysts' forecast accuracy for <em>R&D</em><span>-intensive firms. The improvement is more pronounced in firms with low analyst coverage and powerful CEOs. These results are robust with an alternative measure of information asymmetry, a dynamic generalized method of moments (GMM) model and a quasi-natural experiment based on the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to address endogeneity concerns.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85006190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wahyoe Soedarmono , Iman Gunadi , Sudiro Pambudi , Tika Nurhayati
{"title":"Monetary policy, funding liquidity, and undisbursed loans in Indonesia: The bank lending channel revisited","authors":"Wahyoe Soedarmono , Iman Gunadi , Sudiro Pambudi , Tika Nurhayati","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This paper extends the literature on the bank lending channel by assessing the interplay between </span>monetary policy and funding liquidity in affecting undisbursed loans. Using a sample of Indonesian banks, our empirical findings highlight that a higher monetary policy </span>interest rate increases undisbursed loan growth, suggesting that the bank lending channel affects borrower decisions. Furthermore, we find that banks with higher funding liquidity exhibit lower undisbursed loan growth in response to contractionary monetary policy. However, the role of funding liquidity in reducing undisbursed loans due to a higher monetary policy interest rate is more pronounced for weakly capitalized banks and small banks. On one hand, this paper emphasizes the role of funding liquidity, particularly for weakly capitalized banks and small banks, in maintaining financial intermediation during the implementation of contractionary monetary policy. On the other hand, we also emphasize that the effectiveness of the bank lending channel is mainly driven by highly capitalized banks and large banks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47522,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74882874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}