International journal of law and politics studies最新文献

{"title":"Study on the Content of Prefabricated Dishes Policy Texts in Guangdong Province from the Perspective of Policy Tools - Policy Text Analysis Based on NVivo","authors":"Huiting Li","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, as an emerging industry, prepared dishes have gradually entered people's vision, with rapidly growing market share and gradually increasing government support. This paper investigates the structure of the prefabricated dishes policy from the perspective of policy tools by constructing a two-dimensional analysis framework of “policy tools-policy themes” and analysing the content of 59 policy texts that are strongly related to the prefabricated dishes policy using NVivo12. The results found that the published policy documents have the problems of irrational overall structure of policy tools, imperfect distribution of policy themes, and poor adaptability of policy tools and policy themes. Based on this analysis, it is proposed that policy support be improved by optimising the proportional structure of policy tools, improving the release of policy documents for each theme, and improving the degree of matching between policy themes and policy tools.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"67 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141653146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Prison Rape Elimination Acts (Prea) 2003","authors":"Shamim Ara, Shamim Ara Pia","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to briefly focus on a reform related to prison called PREA which stands for Prison Rape Elimination Act, 2003. Prison Rape Elimination Act is a US federal law that was implemented in 2003 to eradicate rape in prisons. PREA created principles for recognizing, preventing, and responding to sexual abuse and harassment in correctional settings such as prisons, jails, juvenile facilities, and immigration detention centers. The law also requires data collecting and reporting on incidences of sexual abuse within these facilities, as well as staff training to avoid such incidents. However, PREA 2003 could not meet all the criteria included in its principles to eliminate rape culture in the prison. From this concern, the main aim of this paper is to focus on a reform related to prisons called Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) 2003, the reasons why this act was put into place, the current status of prison rape, the positive, and negative impact of PREA 2003, probable strategies that can be helpful for the appropriate implementation of PREA 2003. To accomplish this endeavor, this research followed systematic literature review methods due to the availability of scholarly work in this field. Although PREA 2003 has some positive aspects, the overall analysis of this study has uncovered that PREA 2003 was not implemented accurately due to some of the practical problems related to it. There are still some improvements that need to be accomplished for the appropriate implementation of PREA 2003 for the prisoners. Some suggested ways were discussed in this study to improve the implementation of PREA 2003.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"8 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the “Intrusiveness” and “Destructiveness” of Different Types of Game Cheating Programs","authors":"Jialin Lu","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"According to China’s criminal law, the production and sale of online game cheating programs are often charged of “providing special programs specially used for intruding into computer information system”. And they are also sometimes charged of “deliberately creates or propagates computer virus and other destructive programs”. Some types of game cheating programs such as “injection game cheating program” meet the criterion of “intruding into computer information system” in the Criminal Law, while other types of game cheating programs such as “offline game cheating program” do not. The “Destructiveness” of game cheating programs should be analyzed according to specific game cheating program and the legal interests it embodied in computer information systems. It should be determined on the basis of legislator’s intention, rather than directly use the criterion of evaluating the “destructiveness” of programs in computer science.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"42 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cybercrimes: An Emerging Category of Offenses within the Frame of the International Criminal Court Jurisdiction","authors":"Clara Pettoello-Mantovani","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In our interconnected society, crime persists, demanding joint efforts by national and international authorities to detect, prevent, and prosecute criminal activities. Jurisprudential evolution mandates lawmakers to possess a comprehensive legal vision, adapting laws to changing social contexts and emerging criminal methods, especially in technology, including computer technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI). This article comments on the escalating vulnerability of sovereign states and their economies to cyber-attacks. The radical evolution of computer systems has led to new modes of aggression, targeting not only traditional legal assets but also individuals familiar with advanced technology. The emergence of \"cyberwarfare\" prompts inquiries into potential categorizations within international legal frameworks. Recent global conflicts highlight the potential classification of cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure as war crimes or acts of aggression, urging the International Criminal Court (ICC) to consider incorporating cybercrimes into its core interests. While normative references may lack in existing conventions, the Martens Clause emphasizes treating attacks using technology as equivalent to conventional means. Article 51 of the United Nations Charter implies that cyber weapons could be deemed equivalent to conventional weapons under international law. The article stresses the importance of education and advanced training for legal personnel skilled in identifying cybercrime perpetrators, challenging the ICC to recruit or train individuals with the necessary legal and technical expertise for effective cybersecurity responses. The article briefly explores challenges in conceptualizing and categorizing cybercrimes within existing legal frameworks. The intersection of law and technology necessitates harmonious collaboration between legal and technical experts, acknowledging the intricate web of cyberspace and the implications of cyber threats on global stability and security. In conclusion, the article advocates a fundamental shift in the approach to justice, recognizing the ICC's imperative evolution in addressing cybercrimes. Integrating cybercrimes into the ICC's purview aligns with international law principles, emphasizing the equivalence of cyber weapons to conventional arms. Collaboration between legal and technical experts is essential in navigating the complexities of cybercrimes, ensuring accountability, and upholding justice in the digital age. The article concludes by highlighting the proactive role of the ICC in shaping the future of global justice amid emerging cyber threats.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Globalization in Protecting Domestic Products through Anti-Dumping Laws","authors":"W. S. Widiarty","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Economic globalization has opened up wider international trade opportunities. However, on the other hand, globalization also brings potential threats to domestic industry, one of which is the practice of dumping. This research aims to analyze how economic globalization influences the effectiveness of Anti-Dumping Laws in protecting domestic products. This research uses normative juridical research methods. The data collection technique in this research is a literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that economic globalization can positively and negatively impact domestic products. One effort to protect domestic products from the negative impacts of globalization is to use anti-dumping laws. This law aims to protect domestic producers from dumping practices, namely selling imported products at prices lower than the market price in their country of origin. Dumping practices can harm domestic producers and threaten the sustainability of domestic industries. With anti-dumping laws, domestic producers can be protected from dumping practices and compete fairly with imported products. However, protecting domestic products through anti-dumping laws must be carried out wisely and without harm to consumers. Therefore, there needs to be a balance between protecting domestic products and consumer interests as well as healthy international trade.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the Proliferation of Anti-Personnel Mines","authors":"Anamika Changrani-Rastogi","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-personnel mines, first used in World War II, continue to be a persistent threat to life up to today. With technological advances, landmines have been easily deployed and difficult to detect, and an estimated 25,000 km2 is currently considered contaminated with landmines. Widespread in Egypt, Afghanistan and Iraq, these landmines have resulted in great humanitarian and economic devastation and continue to do so presently. For example, Egypt witnessed 19 casualties per day due to landmines in 2020. Further, given their low cost and ease of use, non-state armed groups (NSAGs) are currently liberally using landmines. Globally, the estimated cost to clear landmines is around $50-$100 billion, with the countries most affected unable to afford these costs. In this study, we discuss the history of use, efforts to curb, and current deployment of landmines. The economic factors connected with anti-personnel mine use are discussed, including the cost associated with procuring and clearing landmines. The multifaceted ways that landmines impact economic growth are detailed, including the cost of emergency and long-term medical care, loss of infrastructure and farmland, and barriers to accessing education, health care, and employment. The study particularly focuses on Afghanistan, Cambodia, Egypt, Iraq, Myanmar and Russia. The role of the International Committee of the Red Cross in assisting victims, building awareness, and supporting governments is discussed. Events from 1939 to the current day are examined, as are the relevant UN treaties and events from the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention, 1997, to the present United Nations Mine Action Strategy (2019-2023). The treaties are discussed in the context of their effectiveness and impact, particularly on NSAGs. Several proposed solutions are presented and examined for their potential feasibility and effectiveness, including awareness building, technological approaches and international coordination. There is an urgent need to bring landmines to our conversation in order to address their continuing threat, and this study aims to do the same.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Protection of Portunus Pelagicus: An International Fisheries Law Perspective in the Republic of Indonesia's Fisheries Management Area 713","authors":"Yulia, Baso Madiong, Hasni, Sobirin","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for Portunus pelagicus exports is increasing, which is encouraging more Portunus pelagicus capture. As a result, portunus pelagicus resources become available. The aim of this study is to examine the legal protection of portunus pelagicus based on international fisheries law in the Fisheries Management Area of the Republic of Indonesia (WPPRI) 713 and law enforcement against illegal rajuangan capture. The research method is qualitative research using an empirical normative approach. The findings revealed that the Indonesian government has incorporated international fisheries law into national legislation governing the management of Portunus pelagicus in Indonesian fisheries management areas. Administrative sanctions are used by law enforcement to punish non-compliant Portunus pelagicus fishing. In comparison to criminal and civil sanctions, this sanction is effective because it can be directly enforced by administrative officials. The government and the community share responsibility for the protection, utilization, and preservation of portunus pelagicus so that future generations are able to enjoy it.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"1 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Local Wisdom \"Merti Code\" on SDG's Goals in Protecting the River Environment in Yogyakarta","authors":"Dyah Permata, Budi Asri","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.6.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.6.15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the impact of the local wisdom \"Merti Code\" which has become the culture of communities around the banks of the Code River on maintaining the river environment, which is a sustainable development goals (SDG's.) This report analyzes comprehensively from empirical and policy approaches regarding government regulations regarding the river environment. The main aim is to emphasize the importance of maintaining the river environment through the community's communal cultural approach \"Merti Code\" even though river environmental maintenance has been regulated by several government regulations, both central and regional. From the analysis of the results of this research, it was found that the effectiveness of implementing the Local Wisdom \"Merti Code\" was found in order to maintain the sustainability of river environmental maintenance. Because this local wisdom is known to have an impact on a clean river environment with a good water ecosystem balance and can also provide economic benefits for the surrounding community and even the Yogyakarta City government, with the emergence of \"Merti Code\" cultural tourism which is an annual routine agenda of the Yogyakarta City Government, since 2000. The results found, there is a correlation between the implementation of the 'Merti Code' community culture originating from the communities along the Code river and the belief in maintaining the cleanliness and environment of the river. The trust that grows in society (Local Wisdom) is more effective than the river environmental protection regulations implemented by the government so far.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"69 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal and His World View","authors":"Maiwand Safi, Majeedullah Mamond, Ghufranullah Safi","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.6.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.6.13","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers insights into the perception of Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal regarding the great powers. In every epoch, there are different great powers; in this paper, when the term great power is used, it means the US and the USSR. In addition, this article explains Maiwandwal’s idea of non-alignment, perception of co-existence and world peace and, most importantly, progressive democracy. Progressive Democracy is a distinct social doctrine of Maiwandwal that reflects his worldview and perception regarding great powers. It starts with introducing Maiwandwal. Later, he explains his worldview and his perception regarding great powers and talks about his foreign policy towards the US and USSR.   This article examines and concludes that Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal’s ideas and conceptions about the great powers and his foreign policy towards them forced him to resign, and ultimately, he was killed due to it.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"337 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assurance of Market Principles in the Valuation of Land Use Rights when the State Recovers Land in Vietnam","authors":"Cong Lap Tran","doi":"10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.6.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.6.14","url":null,"abstract":"Valuation of land use rights is one of the steps to ensure the lawful rights and interests of people whose land is recovered. In Vietnam, the state's valuation of land use rights upon land recovery is conducted and decided upon by competent state agencies. The process of industrialization and modernization to develop the country requires the State's valuation of land use rights upon land recovery to ensure the market principles. However, the 2013 Vietnam Land Law has yet to reflect this principle in the regulations on land use right valuation when the State recovers land. Therefore, the system of regulations on principles, subjects participating in the valuation of land use rights, and the process of conducting this activity must be completed to ensure the balance of interests between the State and the persons whose land is recovered. Through clarifying the concept of market principles when the State recovers land, the article proposes solutions to improve regulations on the principles, subjects, methods, and process of land use right valuation when the State recovers land in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":475085,"journal":{"name":"International journal of law and politics studies","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}