{"title":"Introduction: 1940 Tokyo and Asian Olympics in the Olympic Movement","authors":"S. Collins","doi":"10.1080/09523360701376532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360701376532","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the importance of the 1940 Tokyo Olympic Games in defining Japanese cultural nationalism and contributing to the legitimacy of the IOC in the tumultuous 1930s, a thorough history of the event has not been addressed in the English language. This study situates the 1940 Tokyo Games as key not only to the diplomatic history of Japan and the West, but also to the ideological production of 1930s Japan and to the crisis of the IOC’s legitimacy in the aftermath of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The history of modern sports in Japan and Japan in the Olympic Movement is also traced in order to showcase Japan’s ability as a developed nation of Olympic sports and athletes.","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09523360701376532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60077107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Muscular Christianity after 150 years","authors":"J. Macaloon","doi":"10.1080/09523360600766692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360600766692","url":null,"abstract":"There are several reasons to judge it timely to review and reanalyse the ethos and tradition of muscular Christianity. The year 2005 marked the 125th anniversary of the foundation of Thomas Hughes’s intentional community at New Rugby, Tennessee, which offered a farming alternative to the military or colonial service for emigrant second sons of England. The year 2007 will mark the 150th anniversary of Hughes taking a break from his Christian socialist work to publish Tom Brown’s Schooldays. [1] Rather more is at stake, however, than dutiful commemoration. Historians and anthropologists of the postcolonial condition are now following the example of C.L.R. James in using the transformations of muscular Christianity around the world to break free of the simplistic binary of colonial hegemony and resistance and into new logics of hybridity and indigenous appropriation. [2] As essays in this issue attest, this effort can be acutely assisted by resurrecting the original Christian socialist version of the muscular Christian ethos to confront explicitly the hyper-masculinist, chauvinistic and self-righteous version that absorbed the energies of late Victorian criticism as well as subsequent twentieth-century scholarship on ‘the games ethic and imperialism’. [3] In their lifetimes, Hughes, Charles Kingsley and F.D. Maurice were well aware how their critics attacked by wilfully lumping the two muscular Christianities together. Tom Brown went through 70 editions in Hughes’s lifetime alone, making it by certain measures the most popular novel of the nineteenth century. But Hughes’s protests against distortions like the idolatry of athletic success seemed in vain. As his biographers put it:","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09523360600766692","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60077068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘For All That Was Good, Noble and True’: A Middle Class Martial Icon of Canadian Patriotism and British Imperialism. John Lovell Dashwood, Canada and the Great War","authors":"C. Hickey","doi":"10.1080/09523360500123168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360500123168","url":null,"abstract":"I would like pay personal tribute to Professor J.A. Mangan, who was the supervisor of my Ph.D. His constant encouragement and support while I was completing my thesis is gratefully acknowledged. He also showed great generosity to the extent of inviting me to stay at his house on my visits to Strathclyde University. He is a truly wonderful mentor and I am proud to call him a friend.","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09523360500123168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60077048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Imperial Legacy – British by Inclination: Socialization, Education and a Gibraltarian Sense of Identity","authors":"EG Archer *","doi":"10.1080/09523360500122897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360500122897","url":null,"abstract":"Research can be a lonely business and the support of a skilled tutor is of inestimable value. I count myself fortunate in having had such support from Professor Tony Mangan. ‘Support’ is the correct word, I believe, for it recognizes that ownership is the researcher's and intervention should in no way detract from that. Professor Mangan always got the balance right, I think, offering encouragement throughout while being ‘there’ at critical stages: when clarifying objectives and determining a clear sense of direction; when maintaining discipline and an eye for correct detail during the long haul; and when finalizing material and preparing for the viva voce. Having Professor Mangan's own excellent academic achievements as a model is a further point that must be included in this all-too-brief expression of gratitude.","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09523360500122897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60077044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"One can't shake off the women\": images of sport and gender in Punch, 1901-10.","authors":"Marilyn Constanzo","doi":"10.1080/714001704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/714001704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Examining the manner in which the popular press portrayed middle-class Edwardian women's activity in sport provides insight into the social liberation of English women. The popular middle-class British journal Punch included thousands of images of sportswomen. Despite the misogynistic satirizing of inept women, Punch's cartoons and articles depict distinct changes in women's behavior and social expectations that are linked to their increasing involvement in sport. By engaging in sport, women unconsciously challenged and permanently altered the pervasive middle-class Victorian ideology. The contents of Punch suggests that middle-class women's participation in sport, though perhaps begun in a conservative manner, completely altered and expanded their social role and changed the traditional image of womanhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/714001704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28908730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Issue: Shaping the superman: Fascist body as political icon aryan Fascism.","authors":"J. Mangan","doi":"10.4324/9781315039466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315039466","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Review, Feb 2000 \"Some superb insights into different aspects of this question.\" \"a most interesting and informative collection of essays...it would certainly be of use to anyone undertaking research related to the areas of nationalism and/or masculinity in sport - two areas that directly relate to the organisation and management of sport.\" European Sport Management Quarterly","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70624120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breaking bounds: Alice Profé, radical and emancipationist.","authors":"G Pfister","doi":"10.1080/714001484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/714001484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alice Prof was the first female sport physician in Germany and she influenced ideas on female bodies and female sports for more than 40 years. Her dream to become a doctor could be realized only in Switzerland because women were not admitted to universities in Prussia before 1908. After her examination and her PhD she established herself as one of the first female doctors in Berlin in 1905 and she worked there until her death in 1946 as general practitioner and medical specialist for pediatrics and sport medicine. As an expert on the female body she was active in many committees and organizations. Alice Prof worked her whole life for the improvement of the situation of girls and women. The focus of her work was physical education and sport and she was always active in different types of sports herself. Her first article on this topic was published in 1906. In the following years over and over again she 'took the floor' criticizing traditional stereotypes of women and the female body, demanding resources for the education of girls and women. Her efforts also helped to reduce anxieties about women in sport and to encourage women to participate in sport. In her articles and in her lectures she encouraged women to decide for themselves about their involvement in sport. She rejected all attempts to patronize female athletes and refused to accept their exclusion from many sports. Prof propagated ideas which were not popular and she never swam with the tide. In one obituary it is stated: 'you never changed your ideas about life for material rewards or professional advancement. You stayed yourself'. Her ideas are relevant even today.</p>","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/714001484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27192987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The origins of French boxing: bare-knuckle duelling, savate and chausson, 1820-45.","authors":"J F Loudcher","doi":"10.1080/714001559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/714001559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Savate, also called chausson, or French boxing is a combat activity characterized by kicking and punching. Its inception reaches back to the Restoration and the monarchy of Louis-Philippe (1818-48) although it was not recognised as a combat sport until the twentieth century. This article, based on a variety of rich sources (police reports, newspapers, books, etc.) demonstrates how, on the one hand, the origins of savate can be traced back to the bare-fisted duels of the Restoration and, on the other hand, its emergence corresponds to the mutation of structural order as put forth by M. Foucault.</p>","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/714001559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27551630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Freeing bodies: heroines in history.","authors":"H Fan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40524122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sport in Latin America from past to present: a European perspective.","authors":"R Chappell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This chapter examines sport in Latin America in its social, cultural, and political contexts. An analysis of the development of sport in Latin America suggests that there have been a number of distinct phases influenced by the cultures of the Spanish, British and French. More recently, the games and pastimes of the United States have made a significant impact. It is suggested that the further development of sport in Latin America is hindered by a number of significant problems. It concludes that the problems faced by some countries are immense and that governments and international organizations in the developed world should offer help where appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":47491,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the History of Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40547476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}