{"title":"Leveraging simulated student interactions to learn about prospective teachers’ formative assessment practice","authors":"Meghan Shaughnessy , Timothy Boerst , D’Anna Pynes","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formative assessment practices, including eliciting student thinking, interpreting student thinking, and engaging in teaching action grounded in information from those practices, must be nurtured in teacher preparation. We present a methodological approach using simulated student interactions to learn about prospective teachers’ formative assessment practices. We used the simulated student interaction to investigate whether such a simulated student interaction could reveal important details about prospective teachers’ capabilities with formative assessment. We report on findings from a study in which 12 prospective teachers engaged in the simulated student interaction. The study findings affirm that a simulated student interaction approach can encourage prospective teachers to engage in elements of formative assessment practices and reveal aspects of prospective teachers’ mathematical knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does understanding moderate aesthetic appraisals of proofs?","authors":"George Kinnear , Matthew Inglis","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between understanding and aesthetic appraisal in mathematics is an open question, with implications for both the philosophy of mathematics and mathematics education. In this study, we investigated how undergraduate students’ understanding of a mathematical proof relates to their perception of its aesthetic value. Participants were asked to evaluate the proof’s aesthetics and to complete three different assessments of their understanding. The results reveal that self-reported understanding was moderately associated with aesthetic appraisals, while two performance-based measures of understanding showed close-to-zero relationships. These findings challenge the view that aesthetic judgements in mathematics are merely disguised epistemic judgements, and suggest that future research should focus on exploring the non-epistemic factors that shape aesthetic judgements. We conclude by discussing the implications of these results for educational practices that seek to promote aesthetic experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Realistic visual representations as mediators between everyday and mathematical discourses in heterogeneous classrooms","authors":"Merav Weingarden , Ronnie Karsenty , Boris Koichu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Creating effective learning environments in heterogeneous mathematics classrooms remains a persistent challenge. This exploratory study examines how realistic representations can support learners across achievement levels. Through a two-part investigation, the study first conducts an a priori analysis of two representation-oriented activities to articulate the roles of realistic representations and then explores how teachers view such roles as supporting low- and high-achieving students. The initial analysis identifies four roles of realistic representations: <em>motivating</em>, <em>initiating</em>, <em>connecting</em>, and <em>applying</em>—each mediating differently between everyday and mathematical discourses. The subsequent examination through case studies of two teachers implementing these activities in their classrooms shows that one teacher recognized motivational benefits for low-achieving students, whereas the other highlighted their value in encouraging connection-making for high-achieving students. We discuss how explicating the multifaceted roles of realistic representations can help teachers and teacher educators design more inclusive mathematics instruction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laying the groundwork: The grounding metaphors that build quotient groups","authors":"Holly Zolt , Kathleen Melhuish","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quotient groups are a foundational topic within abstract algebra courses, and they provide a context in which rich, powerful, and vivid language can be used to convey an understanding of the mathematics at play. We examined the language mathematicians used to describe their instruction on quotient groups and found that mathematicians draw on several source domains and use various metaphorical expressions when discussing their teaching practices. Of prominence in these findings was the use of a construction source domain which spanned all major aspects of quotient groups. The use of this source domain afforded the use of many metaphorical expressions that are tied to various formal content goals. We detail these findings and discuss how the metaphorical expressions used relate to the formal mathematics content that mathematicians are trying to convey.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First graders’ understanding of variables: Learning trajectories in a function machine environment","authors":"Konstantinos P. Christou , Eleni Vellidou","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how a function machine learning environment can instantiate a developmental trajectory of understanding variables in first-grade students. The intervention involved exploring input-output relationships and symbolic representations of indeterminate quantities. Data were collected through classroom interactions and interviews at three time points: before, immediately after, and six weeks following the intervention. The analyses revealed multiple developmental pathways. Some students progressed directly from pre-variable reasoning to advanced algebraic applications of variable notation. Others consolidated their understanding at intermediate stages or displayed misconceptions, such as treating letters as labels. Though a few students reverted, most maintained or deepened their new understandings, demonstrating the durability of learning. These results highlight the potential of function machines as instructional tools that facilitate exploration, identify misconceptions, and enable timely guidance. They also show how learning trajectories can inform instructional designs that foster early functional reasoning and challenge deficit views of young learners' algebraic capacities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teachers’ knowledge and technology in the teaching of functions: A view from Portugal and Brazil","authors":"Floriano Viseu , Helena Rocha , Sandra Menezes","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Technology integration although highly recommended has proved to be complex. This study aims to characterize the perceptions of secondary mathematics teachers (grades 7th to 12th), from Portugal (Braga region) and Brazil (Campinas region), regarding the teaching of Functions and the use of technology. We also intend to consider the context of the two countries, reflecting on justifications for the differences identified (if any). The study adopts a mixed methodology based on a questionnaire applied to 129 Portuguese teachers in Braga region and 136 Brazilian teachers in Campinas region (quantitative dimension) and on an interview to six Portuguese teachers and six Brazilian teachers (qualitative dimension). The results point to similarities between teachers from Portugal and Brazil, but also to some differences. Technology potential is recognized by teacher from both countries, however teachers from Brazil tend to assume a more traditional use of technology, based on showing and more teacher-centered. This difference can be related to the Portuguese curriculum, valuing a relevant use of technology for more than three decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hortensia Soto, Ashley Armbruster, Emily Varney, Francisco De Jesus Pagan
{"title":"The shears know: Creative assemblage with 3-D change of basis vectors","authors":"Hortensia Soto, Ashley Armbruster, Emily Varney, Francisco De Jesus Pagan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explored how undergraduates, enrolled in an introductory linear algebra course, collectively created an assemblage of a shear using 3-D change of basis vectors through intra-actions with their own fabricated material. Our theoretical perspective, <em>inclusive materialism,</em> posits that learning is the invention of a new creation that manifests through imagination in unusual and unexpected ways. It describes mathematics as an assemblage between the body of participants and the body of their materials that give shape to an activity, where affective and aesthetic features contribute to the virtuality of the body of mathematics. Our findings suggest that the class created an assemblage of a shear by (a) <em>introducing or catalyzing the new</em> and (b) showcasing how aesthetics and affect inspire intra-actions. This work contributes to the research at the intersection of linear algebra and embodiment, which can contribute to classroom assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dionne Cross Francis , Pavneet Kaur Bharaj , Kathryn Habib , Anna Hinden , Anna Gustaveson , Ji Hong
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Understanding the role of refutation texts on pre-service teachers’ mathematics-related beliefs” [Journal of Mathematical Behavior 80 (2025), 101278]","authors":"Dionne Cross Francis , Pavneet Kaur Bharaj , Kathryn Habib , Anna Hinden , Anna Gustaveson , Ji Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Paul Cook , April Richardson , Zackery Reed , Elise Lockwood , O. Hudson Payne , Cory Wilson
{"title":"Students’ productive use of equivalence transformations","authors":"John Paul Cook , April Richardson , Zackery Reed , Elise Lockwood , O. Hudson Payne , Cory Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equivalence transformations – that is, transformations that produce an object that is equivalent to the original – are a unifying conceptual thread in K-16 mathematics. Though researchers have already established that productive reasoning about equivalence transformations hinges on an awareness that the transformed objects are equivalent to the given object, research (a) has not yet explored the various ways in which students might attend to equivalence, and (b) has primarily examined equivalence transformations on only one type of object, leaving open the question of what commonalities might be present in students’ reasoning across transformations of multiple types of objects. In this study, we present our analysis of task-based clinical interviews with university students. This paper’s primary contribution to the literature involves the description and illustration of three common, unified ways in the students productively reasoned about the equivalence of the objects they produced with transformations. Our findings extend the theoretical scope of an existing equivalence framework and suggest that these ways of reasoning can inform efforts to help students overcome the widespread reports of difficulties they experience. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical implications for research on equivalence transformations across K-16 mathematics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“I want them to see their magic!”: Two teachers working within structural constraints to help cultivate their Black girl students’ positive mathematics identities","authors":"Brittany L. Marshall , Dan Battey","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional mathematics logics produce inequities that result in the perpetuation of the myths of racialized and gendered hierarchies of mathematical ability (Hottinger, 2016; Martin, 2007). There are few examples of classroom spaces that provide positive mathematics experiences for Black girls, while trying to resist traditional logics. This study looks at two successful teachers, bolstered by the nominations of their administrator and students, who navigate common structural constraints yet build strong positive mathematics identities in their middle-school Black girls. The findings show how these teachers embody aspects of BlackFMP to create safe spaces for Black girls even as they navigated school structures and mindsets that uphold traditional mathematics logics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}