Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry最新文献

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Beyond lithium-ion: emerging frontiers in next-generation battery technologies 超越锂离子:下一代电池技术的新前沿
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1377192
Balaraman Vedhanarayanan, K. C. Seetha Lakshmi
{"title":"Beyond lithium-ion: emerging frontiers in next-generation battery technologies","authors":"Balaraman Vedhanarayanan, K. C. Seetha Lakshmi","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1377192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1377192","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid advancement of technology and the growing need for energy storage solutions have led to unprecedented research in the field of metal-ion batteries. This perspective article provides a detailed exploration of the latest developments and future directions in energy storage, particularly focusing on the promising alternatives to traditional lithium-ion batteries. With solid-state batteries, lithium-sulfur systems and other metal-ion (sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium) batteries together with innovative chemistries, it is important to investigate these alternatives as we approach a new era in battery technology. The article examines recent breakthroughs, identifies underlying challenges, and discusses the significant impact of these new frontiers on various applications–from portable electronics to electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage. Against the backdrop of a shifting paradigm in energy storage, where the limitations of conventional lithium-ion batteries are being addressed by cutting-edge innovations, this exploration offers insights into the transformative potential of next-generation battery technologies. The article further aims to contribute to the ongoing scientific dialogue by focusing on the environmental and economic implications of these technologies.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehensive review of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes: single-crystal synthesis and performance enhancement strategies 富镍单晶阴极综述:单晶合成与性能提升策略
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1338069
Meihua Hong, Van-Chuong Ho, Junyoung Mun
{"title":"Comprehensive review of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes: single-crystal synthesis and performance enhancement strategies","authors":"Meihua Hong, Van-Chuong Ho, Junyoung Mun","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1338069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1338069","url":null,"abstract":"This review focuses on recent advancements in single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes for Li-ion batteries. An in-depth analysis is provided of the key characteristics of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes and a description of the synthesis methods, performance degradation mechanisms, and enhancement strategies tailored to these materials is given. Synthesis techniques such as solid-state and molten salt syntheses are discussed in detail. Additionally, we describe some of the nuanced challenges and solutions pertaining to single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes, including surface modification (coating and additives) to improve the initial efficiency and Li diffusion rate through doping, with the aim of prolonging cyclability. This review offers comprehensive insights into the development of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes and suggests directions for advancing Li-ion battery technology using these specialized cathode materials.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"29 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of the benefits of the oxazolidinium cation for plastic crystal and ionic liquid electrolytes 研究噁唑烷阳离子对塑料晶体和离子液体电解质的益处
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1330604
Azra Sourjah, Colin S. M. Kang, Federico M. Ferrero Vallana, O. E. Hutt, L. A. O'Dell, J. Pringle
{"title":"Investigation of the benefits of the oxazolidinium cation for plastic crystal and ionic liquid electrolytes","authors":"Azra Sourjah, Colin S. M. Kang, Federico M. Ferrero Vallana, O. E. Hutt, L. A. O'Dell, J. Pringle","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1330604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1330604","url":null,"abstract":"Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are promising for developing safer energy storage electrolytes. However, there remains a significant knowledge gap regarding how different cation-anion combinations influence their core properties, and cyclic ether-based cations have received limited attention. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of OIPCs based on the N-ethyl-N-methyl-oxazolidinium cation [C2moxa]+ and demonstrates the first instance of oxazolidinium OIPCs being combined with lithium salts to create electrolytes. The [C2moxa]+ cation was paired with [FSI]-, [TFSI]-, [BF4]-, [PF6]- and [FTFSI]- anions. A study of the thermal, transport and electrochemical properties was performed. Among the new salts developed, [C2moxa][BF4] exhibited the most promising characteristics, including the lowest entropy of melting (ΔS = 7 J mol−1 K−1), an extended phase I range (10°C–130°C), the highest conductivity of 8 x 10−6 S cm−1 at 30°C, and an electrochemical stability window of 4.8 V. When the [C2moxa][BF4] and [C2moxa][FSI] were mixed with lithium salts (10, 20 and 50 mol% Li+) of the same anion, the highest conductivity of 2 x 10−3 S cm−1 at 30°C was found for the 20 mol% LiFSI/[C2moxa][FSI] electrolyte. Finally, preliminary lithium plating/stripping experiments and coulombic efficiency (CE) measurements demonstrate stability for lithium cycling for all four [C2moxa]+ electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"518 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent developments and future prospects of magnesium–sulfur batteries 镁硫电池的最新发展和未来前景
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1358199
Liping Wang, Sibylle Riedel, J. Drews, Z. Zhao‐Karger
{"title":"Recent developments and future prospects of magnesium–sulfur batteries","authors":"Liping Wang, Sibylle Riedel, J. Drews, Z. Zhao‐Karger","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1358199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1358199","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable magnesium (Mg) batteries are promising candidates for the next-generation of energy storage systems due to their potential high-energy density, intrinsic safety features and cost-effectiveness. Among the various electrochemical couples, the combination of an Mg anode with a sulfur (S) cathode stands out as an attractive option, as it offers a remarkable theoretical volumetric energy density exceeding 3,200 Wh L–1. However, owing to the unique properties of Mg-ion electrolytes, Mg polysulfides and the surface passivation of Mg metal anodes, the development of Mg–S batteries is facing multiple challenges. In this review, recent advancements in designing efficient electrolytes for Mg–S battery systems are summarized. Apart from electrolytes, we also discuss the progress made in fabricating new S cathode composites, Mg anodes and functional separators, focusing on their roles in addressing the critical issues of the Mg–S systems. Finally, it is worth pointing out that the collaborative research combining experimental investigations and theoretical modelling could provide deeper insights into the mechanisms of Mg–S battery systems and promote their development. Overall, the comprehensive insights about the S-redox reaction, polysulfide shuttle problems and degradation mechanism in Mg–S batteries are discussed, which is of profound importance for creating solutions to enhance the overall performance of Mg–S batteries. This review aims to providing an overview of the current state of the research to stimulate innovative thoughts on the fundamental guidelines for facilitating development of Mg–S batteries.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"62 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139779392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent developments and future prospects of magnesium–sulfur batteries 镁硫电池的最新发展和未来前景
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1358199
Liping Wang, Sibylle Riedel, J. Drews, Z. Zhao‐Karger
{"title":"Recent developments and future prospects of magnesium–sulfur batteries","authors":"Liping Wang, Sibylle Riedel, J. Drews, Z. Zhao‐Karger","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1358199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1358199","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable magnesium (Mg) batteries are promising candidates for the next-generation of energy storage systems due to their potential high-energy density, intrinsic safety features and cost-effectiveness. Among the various electrochemical couples, the combination of an Mg anode with a sulfur (S) cathode stands out as an attractive option, as it offers a remarkable theoretical volumetric energy density exceeding 3,200 Wh L–1. However, owing to the unique properties of Mg-ion electrolytes, Mg polysulfides and the surface passivation of Mg metal anodes, the development of Mg–S batteries is facing multiple challenges. In this review, recent advancements in designing efficient electrolytes for Mg–S battery systems are summarized. Apart from electrolytes, we also discuss the progress made in fabricating new S cathode composites, Mg anodes and functional separators, focusing on their roles in addressing the critical issues of the Mg–S systems. Finally, it is worth pointing out that the collaborative research combining experimental investigations and theoretical modelling could provide deeper insights into the mechanisms of Mg–S battery systems and promote their development. Overall, the comprehensive insights about the S-redox reaction, polysulfide shuttle problems and degradation mechanism in Mg–S batteries are discussed, which is of profound importance for creating solutions to enhance the overall performance of Mg–S batteries. This review aims to providing an overview of the current state of the research to stimulate innovative thoughts on the fundamental guidelines for facilitating development of Mg–S batteries.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"417 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139839417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry and its contemporary application in R&D of aqueous batteries 锰沉积/溶解化学及其在水电池研发中的当代应用
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1353886
Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan, S. Nithiananth, Akshaiya Padmalatha Muthukrishnan, Gita Singh, Anindityo Arifiadi, Duong Pham Tung, Jung Ho Kim, Jaekook Kim
{"title":"Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry and its contemporary application in R&D of aqueous batteries","authors":"Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan, S. Nithiananth, Akshaiya Padmalatha Muthukrishnan, Gita Singh, Anindityo Arifiadi, Duong Pham Tung, Jung Ho Kim, Jaekook Kim","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1353886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1353886","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry and its translation to different battery variants is progressively documented. However, Mn represents poor reversibility, causing limitations for practical application. With the purpose of improving Mn-based battery operation, various technical solutions have been implemented for numerous batteries with Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry. This review summarizes the rapid advancements on Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry-based aqueous batteries.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"91 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139804463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry and its contemporary application in R&D of aqueous batteries 锰沉积/溶解化学及其在水电池研发中的当代应用
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2024.1353886
Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan, S. Nithiananth, Akshaiya Padmalatha Muthukrishnan, Gita Singh, Anindityo Arifiadi, Duong Pham Tung, Jung Ho Kim, Jaekook Kim
{"title":"Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry and its contemporary application in R&D of aqueous batteries","authors":"Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan, S. Nithiananth, Akshaiya Padmalatha Muthukrishnan, Gita Singh, Anindityo Arifiadi, Duong Pham Tung, Jung Ho Kim, Jaekook Kim","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2024.1353886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2024.1353886","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry and its translation to different battery variants is progressively documented. However, Mn represents poor reversibility, causing limitations for practical application. With the purpose of improving Mn-based battery operation, various technical solutions have been implemented for numerous batteries with Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry. This review summarizes the rapid advancements on Mn deposition/dissolution chemistry-based aqueous batteries.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139864491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of precursor morphology of cellulose-based hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries 钠离子电池用纤维素基硬碳阳极前驱体形态的影响
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2023.1330448
H. R. Sarma, Ju Sun, Isuru E. Gunathilaka, Yvonne Hora, R. Rajkhowa, Maria Forsyth, Nolene Byrne
{"title":"Effect of precursor morphology of cellulose-based hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"H. R. Sarma, Ju Sun, Isuru E. Gunathilaka, Yvonne Hora, R. Rajkhowa, Maria Forsyth, Nolene Byrne","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2023.1330448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2023.1330448","url":null,"abstract":"Hard carbon with different microstructures and physicochemical properties can be obtained based on the precursor used, and these properties have a direct impact on the electrochemical performance. Herein, two different precursors from a single source of waste cotton textiles have been prepared to be either cotton snippets retaining the original fiber structure of cotton or a microfibrillated cellulose, which has a very different morphology and surface area. Both the cotton snippet (CS) and the microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) have been carbonized to prepare hard carbons MFC-C and CS-C, and their electrochemical performance is evaluated in sodium-ion batteries (NIBs). Physicochemical properties in terms of a higher interlayer spacing of 3.71 Å and a high defect ratio (ID/IG) of 1.10 resulted in CS-C having a relatively higher specific capacity of 240 mAh g-1 in comparison to 199 mAh g-1 in MFC-C when cycled at 50 mA g-1. In addition, ex-situ MAS (magic angle spinning) NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer of CS-C revealed a lesser amount of conductive SEI layer on its surface compared to MFC-C, mainly composed of NaF and an additional FSI-derived Na complex, suggested to be Na2 [SO3-N-SO2F]). In contrast, MFC-C revealed a greater amount of SEI-related compounds, which is interpreted as a thicker SEI layer resulting in a long Na+ diffusion pathway and slower Na+ reaction kinetics. This study provides insight into the effect of microstructural differences arising from different cellulose precursors on the electrochemical performance, thereby aiding in the fabrication and optimization of hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bridging the gap between academic and industry Li-ion battery research 缩小学术界与工业界锂离子电池研究之间的差距
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2023.1287887
Yeyoung Ha, Rachel B. Licht, Timothy D. Bogart, Keith M. Beers
{"title":"Bridging the gap between academic and industry Li-ion battery research","authors":"Yeyoung Ha, Rachel B. Licht, Timothy D. Bogart, Keith M. Beers","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2023.1287887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2023.1287887","url":null,"abstract":"The field of lithium (Li)-ion batteries has entered a stage where industry is largely focusing on optimizing current cell chemistries to increase the effective energy density of commercial cells while academia is mainly driven by the development of novel materials for next-generation cell chemistries. In addition to their different research goals, industry is producing commercial cells with increasingly diversified size and shape, while the majority of academic research reports on limited small sized cell formats. Such differences in research settings are leading to a disconnect between industrial and academic perspectives. More specifically, a disconnect arises due to academic research results obtained from smaller scale cells not translating to cells with more complex designs. In this paper, we discuss where a disconnect between industry and academia exists, and demonstrate how industry relevant problems can be studied in academia by utilizing a multifaceted approach and further provide valuable insights at a practical level.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"31 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of 3D binder-free silicide/silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries 锂离子电池三维无粘结剂硅化物/硅阳极的研究
Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.3389/fbael.2023.1292295
Shiraz Cherf, Diana Golodnitsky
{"title":"Study of 3D binder-free silicide/silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Shiraz Cherf, Diana Golodnitsky","doi":"10.3389/fbael.2023.1292295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbael.2023.1292295","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon anode materials have attracted much attention as an alternative to the graphite anode in Li-ion batteries since the theoretical capacity of silicon is an order of magnitude higher than that of graphite. However, the drastic volume changes of silicon during lithiation/delithiation cause breakup of the electrode, electrical isolation of the active material and capacity fade. Binders and conducting agents, while improving adhesion and electrical conductivity, reduce the volumetric capacity of the Si anodes. In this article, we present the study of improved, easy-to-fabricate binder-free 3D silicon anodes. The anodes are prepared by combining for the first time three approaches: use of Si nanoparticles, use of porous, high-surface-area metal foam current collector and formation of metal silicide layer in between. The fabrication of 3D anodes includes electrophoretic deposition of silicon nanoparticles (SiNP) on copper, nickel, and titanium foams followed by annealing at different temperatures and time. Analysis of morphology and electrochemical performance of composite 3D silicon/silicide anodes reveals that increased annealing time of SiNPs-deposited on Ni foam results in a thicker Ni 3 Si 2 layer, which leads to the enhanced capacity retention and power capability. At C/10 and C/2 rates the reversible capacity of NMC/3DSi-Ni 3 Si 2 cells was 880 and 530 mAh/g Si+Silicide, respectively.","PeriodicalId":474803,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Batteries and Electrochemistry","volume":"48 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134902353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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