Comprehensive review of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes: single-crystal synthesis and performance enhancement strategies

Abstract

This review focuses on recent advancements in single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes for Li-ion batteries. An in-depth analysis is provided of the key characteristics of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes and a description of the synthesis methods, performance degradation mechanisms, and enhancement strategies tailored to these materials is given. Synthesis techniques such as solid-state and molten salt syntheses are discussed in detail. Additionally, we describe some of the nuanced challenges and solutions pertaining to single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes, including surface modification (coating and additives) to improve the initial efficiency and Li diffusion rate through doping, with the aim of prolonging cyclability. This review offers comprehensive insights into the development of single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes and suggests directions for advancing Li-ion battery technology using these specialized cathode materials.