Экспериментальная и клиническая урология最新文献

{"title":"High-dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy in patients with localized prostate cancer.","authors":"E.O. Shchukina, V.A. Biryukov, O.B. Karyakin, S.A. Ivanov","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-136-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-136-145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men. In Russia the number of patients with stage I-II prostate cancer increased from 47,7% in 2010 to 60,7% in 2021. One of the main methods of treatment of localized prostate cancer is high-dose-rate brachytherapy, which today provides high accuracy of prostate dose coverage and minimizes the impact on nearby risk organs. Within ever-increasing publications, high-dose-rate brachytherapy is considered as a method of safe and effective radical treatment of prostate cancer. Materials and methods. Relevant publications were searched for in the PubMed and е-Library databases with the use of the keywords «brachytherapy», «highdose-rate brachytherapy», «brachytherapy as monotherapy». As a result of the search, 52 sources were selected and included in the given literature review. Results and discussion. The first report on the use of brachytherapy as monotherapy appeared in 2000 where published the results of treatment and demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of the method. Despite the large number of studies conducted all over the world with various options of dose delivery per fraction, the optimal dose and fractionation mode for high-dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy have not been determined yet. Conclusions. Currently high-dose-rate brachytherapy of localized prostate cancer as monotherapy has become widespread. However, the available modern data on fractionation modes require further study and research.","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urolithiasis рrevalence among women over 45 in the Republic of Chuvashia.","authors":"M.Yu. Prosyannikov, D.A. Voytko, N.V. Anokhin, O.V. Konstantinova, S.A. Golovanov, E.N. Pavlov, O.S. Illarionov, O.I. Apolikhin, A.D. Kaprin","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-10-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-10-15","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. It is believed that Urolithiasis men of working age are most often affected. However, recent studies have shown that the difference between the incidence of this disease among men and women is rapidly decreasing due to the increased incidence of urolithiasis in women. The purpose of the study: to determine the prevalence of urolithiasis among women over 45 years of age as part of screening study in the Republic of Chuvashia. Materials and methods. A population study of 658 women over 45 years of age was conducted on the basis of hospital № 1 in Cheboksary (Republic of Chuvashia) in 2021-2022. All participants underwent ultrasound examination of the urinary system organs to detect urinary stones. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistics 10,0 program and Microsoft Excel. Results. Of 658 women, 147 had previously noted urolithiasis in past, 124 of them were associated with this disease (the group with a positive history of urolithiasis), 511 had not previously sought medical help from a urologist for stones of the urinary system (the group with a negative history of urolithiasis). In total, 95 (14.4%) women with calculi in the urinary tract were identified. In the group with a positive history of urolithiasis, stones were detected in 22.4% of cases, with a negative one – in 12.1%. The most frequent localization of concretions in all groups was the lower group of calyx. The size of the concretions varied in the group with a negative history of urolithiasis from 5.70±0.77 mm to 7.50±0.50 mm, in the group with a positive history of urolithiasis – from 5.00±0.56 mm to 21.75±8.24 mm. Conclusion. The present study showed that the true incidence of urolithiasis is 14,4%, which is several times higher than the official figures. To study the true incidence of urolithiasis, it is necessary to conduct large epidemiological studies in the russian population.","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of copulative function in patients after endovideosurgical adenomectomy.","authors":"S.V. Popov, A.I. Neymark, B.A. Neymark, I.N. Orlov, T.M. Topuzov, E.A. Grin, I.V. Sushina, S.M. Malevich, R.R. Tyumenev, A.R. Orlov","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-69-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-69-75","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of the most common diseases of elderly and senile men, for the treatment of which a large number of surgical methods of treatment have been developed, however, the dependence of the frequency of various disorders of copulative function on the type of surgical intervention is poorly reflected in the literature. Our study is devoted to assessing the effect of endovideosurgical adenomectomy on copulatory function. Materials and methods. The study involved 120 patients in whom copulatory function was assessed on the basis of IIEF-15, AMS and scale of evaluation of male copulatory function, bulbocavernosus reflex was also examined, performed actigraphy the content of total and free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were determined. Patients were examined before surgery, 6 and 12 months after it. Results. A decrease in the frequency of erectile dysfunction was revealed 6 and 12 months after surgery. The frequency of retrograde ejaculation was lower compared to the preoperative value 12 months after surgery. Improvement of reflex and hormonal status in operated patients was noted. Conclusion. Endovideosurgical adenomectomy has a positive effect on the state of copulative function and hormonal background neuroreflex status in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, which is reflected in improving erectile function and reducing the frequency of retrograde ejaculation.","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135867759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic risk factors and urinary stones formation. VII: Uricosuria lithogenic features in men and women.","authors":"S.A. Golovanov, M.Yu. Prosyannikov, A.V. Sivkov, N.V. Anokhin, D.A. Voytko, V.V. Drozhzheva","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-154-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-154-164","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Hyperuricosuria usually considered as the main metabolic factor in the formation of uric acid stones, but this issue remains unclear. Gender differences in the prevalence of urolithiasis (UL) indicate the need for a more detailed study of the lithogenic properties of uricosuria and its role in the development of various metabolic types of UL. In this study, was investigated the effect of varying degrees of uricosuria in men and women with UL on metabolic parameters and the frequency of detection of urinary stones of different chemical composition. Materials and methods. A total of 982 patientsа with UL (439 men and 543 women aged 18 to 79 years)were examined. To assess the lithogenic activity of uricosuria in men and women with UL, the values of uric acid excretion (in mmol/day) were ranked in ascending order and divided into 10 equal parts (ten 10%-х percentilesей). In each of the ranges, the percentage distribution of types of urinary stones and biochemical parameters of urine and blood were determined. Results. As the degree of uricosuria increased from minimum to maximum values in men and women, there were no differences in the percentage distribution of uric acid stones. The different orientation of the processes of urate lithogenesis is noted, which was manifested in uricosuria above 3.48 mM/day by the accumulation of anhydrous uric acid in the stones in women 1.47 times greater than in men, in whom the proportion of uric acid in the stones, on the contrary, decreased by 1.36 times. It was found that uricosuria above 3.48 mM/day was accompanied by activation of oxalate lithogenesis rather than uric acid: the incidence of oxalate stones in men increased by 1.55 times (p=0.0025), and in women by 2.16 times (p=0.0013). At the same time, the proportions of the oxalate component in the stones of male and female patients, respectively, increased, mainly due to the wevellite component. An increase in uric acid excretion over 3.48 mM/day led to a relative decrease in the frequency of detection of carbonatapatite stones in men by 1.85 times (p=0.0104), and in women by 2.0 times (p=0.0153). With increasing uricosuria, both men and women experienced an almost linear increase in the levels of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium excretion (p<0.0001). The blood phosphate content in women was on average 7-11. 6% higher than in men, and uric acid was lower by 8.5-16.0% for almost all values of uricosuria. Calcemia levels in men and women did not have statistically significant differences. for all values of uricosuria. Men in the age groups from 30-39yr to 60-79yr have a higher uric acid excretion than women, which also corresponds to a higher incidence of oxalate stones in men, exceeding this indicator in women in all age groups by 2.5 -1.8 times (p<0.05). The formation of uric acid stones is observed in men of an earlier age than in women, namely from the age of 18-29yr, while in women the formation of stones of this type is detected only from","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of azoximer bovgialuronidase on bacterial biofilms in the ejaculate of patients with chronic prostatitis.","authors":"E.E. Bragina, L.G. Spivak, M.A. Gazimiev, M.S. Evdokimov","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-87-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-87-92","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The use of molecular biological methods in the analysis of bacterial diversity (metataxonomics) of prostate secretion and ejaculate to assess the male microbiota made it possible to identify the bacterial diversity of the microbiota in chronic prostatitis. At the same time, many strains of uropathogens identified in chronic prostatitis show the ability to form biofilms, while there are no generally accepted methods for treating infections caused by bacterial biofilms. Purpose of the study. To study the effect of bovhyaluronidase azoximer in chronic prostatitis, which may be due to the enzymatic action of hyaluronidase on the matrix of bacterial biofilms, which increases the bioavailability of antibiotics, leading to the transition of bacteria into a planktonic state. Material and methods. An electron microscopic study of the ejaculate of 42 patients with chronic prostatitis was performed, of which 32 randomly selected patients received combined antibiotic treatment (4-6 weeks) together with bovhyaluronidase azoxymer (12 weeks) (group I), 10 patients received only antibiotic therapy according to clinical guidelines (group II). On ultrathin sections, the number of bacterial microcolonies and neutrophilic leukocytes per 100 spermatozoa was counted. Results. In the semen of 30 patients, bacterial biofilms with a characteristic morphology were detected: the presence of heterogeneous microorganisms in one microcolony and the presence of a fibrous matrix in which bacteria are immersed. After therapy, in group I, a decrease in the number of bacterial microcolonies, the disappearance of the extracellular matrix, and isolated single bacteria (planktonic state) were detected, in some cases, damage to the bacterial cell wall was detected. In group II quantitative changes in the content of microcolonies and neutrophilic leukocytes were also revealed, however, the morphology of microcolonies in group II did not change. Conclusions. electron microscopy in the study of the ejaculate of patients with chronic prostatitis allows us to reveal the features of the structure of bacterial biofilms. In combined antibiotic therapy together with bovhyaluronidase azoxymer, the biofilm matrix changes and the bacteria transform into a planktonic form.","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapy with xenogenic proteomic complex from embryonic brain cells inhibits the progression of experimentally induced chronic renal failure.","authors":"V.I. Kirpatovskiy, A.V. Sivkov, M.A. Sokolov, S.A. Golovanov, V.V. Drozhzheva, V.N. Sinyukhin, E.V. Frolova, O.I. Apolikhin, A.D. Kaprin","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-26-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-26-37","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In previously published experimental studies, we have shown that in rats with pre-modeled acute post-ischemic renal failure, therapy with a proteomic complex isolated from brain cells of pig embryos has a pronounced therapeutic effect, reducing the severity of functional and histological disorders and preventing the transition of the pathological process into chronic kidney insuffiency. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of this therapy for the course of artificially induced chronic renal failure (CRF) in rats. Material and methods. Experiments were carried out on 45 white mongrel male rats weighing 200-240 g. CRF was modeled by unilateral nephrectomy and resection of both poles of the remaining kidney, which reduced the mass of the functioning parenchyma by 80%. In the 1-st series of experiments no therapy was performed. In the 2-nd - 4-th series the animals were intraperitoneally injected with a fractionated xenogenic proteomic complex (secretom) from pig brain stem and progenitor cells (SSPC) at a daily dose of 0.1 ml in different modes: two 10-days courses with a 10-days break between them (2nd series); prolongation of the 1st course up to 20 days and a repeated 10-days course after 10 days (3rd series); continuous SSPC therapy for 30 days (4-th series). 5th series – intact animals. The effectiveness of therapy was evaluated based on the severity of the development of compensatory renal hypertrophy, the dynamics of biochemical parameters of kidney function, the activity of enzymes (ALT, AST, LDH, alkaline phosphatase) in blood and urine and the level of uremic neurotoxins 3-indoxyl sulfate and ptolyl sulfate in the blood. Results. SSPC therapy in all variants contributed to a more pronounced compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining kidney, as well as a decrease in the severity of the main functional indicators after 30 and 60 days: the severity of polyuria decreased, the concentration of urea in the blood decreased to a greater extent, and the glomerular filtration rate and tubular reabsorption of sodium and calcium approached normal values, which was not observed in the control series. The severity of the therapeutic effect was more pronounced with continuous 30-day therapy. There was also a less pronounced increase in the activity of enzymes in the blood and their excretion in the urine, which indicated the cytoprotective effect of SSPC therapy. If in the control series of experiments, the deterioration of the studied indicators were noted with an increase in the observation period from 30 to 60 days, whereas in all experimental series they remained at a subnormal level. SSPC therapy also contributed to a lower accumulation of uremic toxins (3-indoxyl sulfate and p-tolyl sulfate) in the blood. Conclusion. Prolonged therapy of SSPC prevents the progression of CRF by stimulating compensatory hypertrophy of the kidney and cytoprotective effect and promotes more effective elimination of uremic toxins, preventi","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135867756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstruction of the pyeloureteral segment: etiology, pathogenesis, morphological features.","authors":"D.I. Laletin, V.S. Shik, M.A. Firsov, T.A. Garkusha, E.A. Bezrukov","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-130-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-130-135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract cause chronic kidney disease in 7% of cases. The zone of the pyeloureteral segment (PUS) is affected most often. The kidney and ureter originate from two different rudiments, the violation of their connection under the influence of teratogenic or genetically determined causes determines the obstruction of the pelvic-ureteral junction. Materials and methods. The search, analysis and systematization of publications in PubMed databases and eL ibrary.ru using the keywords «hydronephrosis», «etiology», «pathogenesis». As a result, 27 publications were selected, on the basis of which this narrative literature review was prepared. Results and discussion. Among the many causes of pathology of the PUS, there is a violation of the recanalization of this zone, a vicious interaction of the ureteral rudiment and mesanephros, from which the pelvis is differentiated. Genetic studies provide new data for understanding pathogenesis. Pathology of angiotensin receptors, bone morphogenetic protein, TSHZ3, SHH, TBX18, calceneurin genes can lead to PUS stenosis. In the future, genetic discoveries may be the key to preventing the disease. Of all the existing mechanisms for the formation of an obstruction of the PUS, the conflict with the aberrant vessel is proven. Diagnosis, observation, and the timing of surgical treatment are left to the discretion of the specialist. Timely plastic surgery of the PUS zone prevents the formation of nephrosclerosis and chronic kidney disease. Along with the lesion of vascular structures, nephrons in the pathology of PUS, changes occur in the walls of the abdominal system. Retention of urine leads to ulceration, atrophy of the transitional epithelium, hypertrophy of muscle fibers, hyalinosis and overgrowth of connective tissue, which inhibits the contractility of the upper urinary tract and may worsen the result of surgery. Conclusion. Currently, the mechanisms of PUS obstruction formation are not fully disclosed. Information about embryogenesis, the course of pathological processes allows the clinician to optimally approach the treatment of pathology","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of non-antibacterial therapy and prevention of urinary tract infections.","authors":"S.V. Kotov, P.Yu. Nizin","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-105-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-105-110","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) are one of the most common nosologies in the practice of a urologist. About half of all women will have at least one episode of urinary tract infection (UTI) during their lifetime. Antibiotic therapy remains the mainstay of treatment for UTI. The need to search for alternative options for the treatment and prevention of UTIs is dictated by the frequent use of antibacterial drugs. Most often they talk about the use of D-mannose and herbal remedies. The purpose of this literature review is to critically analyze clinical studies conducted to date that have examined the effectiveness and safety of D-mannose and herbal medicines for the prevention and treatment of RUTI. Materials and methods. 13 studies were analyzed that assessed the effectiveness of D-mannose and a combined herbal medicine with antibacterial therapy. Results. Herbal preparations from centaury herb, lovage roots, rosemary herb and lingonberry leaves in combination with D-mannose and antibacterial therapy had a number of advantages in clinical practice in the form of a decrease in the titer of pathogenic microflora. Conclusions. The NephroBest phytocomplex together with the polysaccharide D-mannose is well tolerated, has no side effects and demonstrates excellent clinical results in the form of reducing the risk of relapse, eliminating the pathogen, quickly reducing symptoms and improving laboratory parameters.","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal-forming activity of urine and methods of its measurement.","authors":"O.I. Apolikhin, A.V. Sivkov, S.A. Golovanov, M.Yu. Prosyannikov, D.A. Voytko, N.V. Anokhin, I.A. Kudashov, A.V. Shcherbachev, A.V. Pavlov, A.E. Shupenev, I.S. Korshunov","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-146-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-146-153","url":null,"abstract":"ntroduction. Diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics in patients with urolithiasis are based on determining the causes of lithogenesis. At the moment, the standard of examination in patients at high risk of recurrence of urolithiasis is the detection of metabolic disorders based on the results of a biochemical analysis of blood and daily urine, as well as an assessment of the chemical composition of the urinary stone. The violations determined using this approach are a manifestation of the physico-chemical processes of stone formation, the assessment of which is currently practically not performed by urologists, due to the lack of simple diagnostic methods and tools. Materials and methods. The review was conducted on the basis of data published in PubMed databases (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) and Scientific Electronic Library еLibrary.ru (https://elibrary.ru/), and was limited only to articles in scientific peer-reviewed journals. The search was devoted to the study of the crystal-forming activity of urine, factors affecting the lithogenic properties of urine, as well as methods for assessing the risk of stone formation in the most common metabolic types of urolithiasis. We found 189 sources no older than 10 years (published after 2012) that were relevant to the topic of the review. Conference abstracts, short messages, duplicate publications wereexcluded from them. After that, based on the relevance of the data, reliability of sources, impact factors of journals and the sequence of presentation of the material in the manuscript, 41 articles were selected directly for citation in the review. Also, when writing the review, original articles published before 2012 were used. Results. The analyzed literature sources demonstrated a large number of methods for determining the crystallization properties of urine. However, none of them, in view of the complexity, as well as the ambiguity of the results obtained, have not been widely introduced into clinical practice. In view of this, it is required to develop a simple and informative method for diagnosing the crystal-forming properties of urine, which will increase the percentage of non-reactive urolithiasis. Conclusions. The methods available to doctors for determining the crystal-forming properties of urine are extremely laborious. The development of an easy-to-use and sufficiently accurate real-time determination of the crystallization and anti-crystallization properties of urine, will significantly improve the diagnosis, treatment and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis.","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women: is antibiotic therapy always justified?","authors":"E.V. Kulchavenya, L.S. Treyvish, E.V. Telina, D.P. Kholtobin, S.Yu. Shevchenko","doi":"10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-112-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-3-112-118","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) occurs in 2–15% of pregnant women, but opinions about ABU in pregnant women are controversial. The aim of the study was to assess the outcomes of delivery in pregnant women with ABU, depending on the therapy and urological history. Material and methods. The histories of childbirth of 46 women with ABU detected during prenatal screening, were analyzed. The outcomes of pregnancies were analyzed, and the relationship between the presence of ABU, the type of therapy, the presence of pyelonephritis in history and the development (exacerbation) of pyelonephritis during pregnancy was determined. Results. The structure of uropathogens was typical: E. coli was found in 36 cases (78.3%), Enterococcus faecalis - in 10 cases (21.7%). Seven women (15.2%) had a history of chronic pyelonephritis, 4 (8.7%) had chronic cystitis. The remaining 35 pregnant women (76.1%) had no any urological diseases. More than half of pregnant women with ABU (32/69.6%) received Сanephron; all of them had normal delivery. The average weight of newborns was 3768±101.9 grams. The rest of the 14 (30.4%) pregnant women with ABU, including 7 patients with a history of pyelonephritis, received amoxicillin with clavulonic acid. In more than half of the them (4/57.1%) gestational pyelonephritis developed. Correlational analysis showed that the low weight of the newborn, the development of gestational pyelonephritis and the likelihood of preterm birth did not depend on the therapy for ABU (antibacterial or herbal medicine), but on the presence of chronic pyelonephritis in the pregnant woman. Conclusion. The detection of ABU in a healthy pregnant woman without urological history is not a convincing basis for prescribing antibiotics. Preventive phytotherapy with the drug «Canephron» in such women was sufficient; none of the cases developed gestational pyelonephritis or preterm labor","PeriodicalId":474770,"journal":{"name":"Экспериментальная и клиническая урология","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}