History and Theory最新文献

FROM ETERNITY TO APOCALYPSE: TIME, NEWS, AND HISTORY BETWEEN THE MUGHAL AND BRITISH EMPIRES, 1556–1785 从永恒到天启：莫卧儿和大英帝国之间的时间、新闻和历史，1556-1785

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12381

Abhishek Kaicker

{"title":"FROM ETERNITY TO APOCALYPSE: TIME, NEWS, AND HISTORY BETWEEN THE MUGHAL AND BRITISH EMPIRES, 1556–1785","authors":"Abhishek Kaicker","doi":"10.1111/hith.12381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12381","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The eighteenth-century origins of colonial orientalism in India spurred not just the translation of Indian texts but the production of interstitial histories, works that were forged in the intellectual culture of the Mughal Empire and created by individuals who explicitly sought to inform and influence their new colonial patrons. Turning to one such interstitial text, Muhammad Bakhsh Ashob's <i>History of the Martyrdom of Farrukh Siyar and the Reign of Muhammad Shah</i> (1782), which was produced at the behest of the East India Company orientalist Captain Jonathan Scott, this article explores the origins of the pervasive misconception that Mughal historical thought had faded to insignificance in the eighteenth century. It examines Ashob's representation of Mughal historiography for Scott in order to propose the existence of three discrete modes of historical writing over the course of the empire, modes that were each marked by a distinct temporal imagination. The article briefly discusses the first two modes—the “millenarian” mode of the late sixteenth century and the “eternal” mode of the seventeenth century—before focusing on the “apocalyptic” mode that became widespread in the early eighteenth century. This article argues that, against the influential and still widespread sense of the decline of historical production in that era, the Mughal bureaucracy (particularly its intelligence infrastructure) spurred the elaboration and efflorescence of historical writing outside the traditional ambit of the imperial court in a period of political turbulence. This article concludes by reflecting on the recasting of the apocalyptic sensibility of late-Mughal historical thought into a vision of imperial decline by men, such as Scott, who were involved in the foundation of British colonial rule in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 2","pages":"201-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hith.12381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“CIVILIZATION” OR “EMPIRE”? “CHINA” AS A HISTORICAL ENTITY IN CONTESTATION “文明”还是“帝国”？“中国”作为一个历史实体在争论中

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12385

Nagatomi Hirayama

{"title":"“CIVILIZATION” OR “EMPIRE”? “CHINA” AS A HISTORICAL ENTITY IN CONTESTATION","authors":"Nagatomi Hirayama","doi":"10.1111/hith.12385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12385","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two distinct approaches have shaped the landscape of modern Chinese historical studies. One approach is the civilization-to-nation thesis, which examines modern China's difficult emergence out of its supposedly cohesive civilizational past, a past that could be shared across different groups of people in contemporary China. The other approach—that is, the empire-to-nation thesis—focuses on China's national rise from the disjointed colonial empire of the Qing (and, to a lesser degree, the Ming), a transformation through which China has become the metropolitan center that enacts structural imperial control over different local or ethnic groups across its territorial domains. This article discusses the epistemic capacities, limits, and distortions of both approaches by examining their historiographical and political implications through different historical configurations of late-imperial China and the resubstantiation of national histories in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Although the empire-to-nation approach has become more or less the standard in Western academia over the past three decades, I argue that these two approaches are both essentialist, although in decidedly different ways. In doing so, I call for a more reflective and vibrant perspective on historical China, a perspective that focuses on the lived historical experiences of the diverse groups of people who are not really confined by totalizing and essentializing national subjectivities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 2","pages":"229-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DECOLONIZING THEORY AND CONCEPTS: PERSPECTIVES FROM THE GLOBAL SOUTH 非殖民化理论和概念：来自全球南方的观点

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12384

Margrit Pernau

{"title":"DECOLONIZING THEORY AND CONCEPTS: PERSPECTIVES FROM THE GLOBAL SOUTH","authors":"Margrit Pernau","doi":"10.1111/hith.12384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12384","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Until recently, most concepts and theories used in social sciences and the humanities were developed in the West. They were both provincial, as they were based on Western experience and designed to interpret these local experiences, and presumed universal. If they did not fit developments in the Global South, this was due not to the inadequacy of the concept but to a “history of lack.” Dilip M. Menon's edited volume <i>Changing Theory: Concepts from the Global South</i> can be situated within the broader movement to not only challenge these concepts and theories but also offer alternatives developed from the Global South. This review article lays out the larger intellectual framework of the volume. The history of concepts offers the possibility to distinguish more precisely between concepts used by the historical actors (hardly anyone challenges the need to base research on their careful investigation) and the analytical concepts. Especially in a global context, using analytical concepts from one of the languages of the Global South raises many questions that need to be addressed; the question of which language academics are to communicate with in the future is not the least important. Paracoloniality, the notion that there are areas of continuity beyond the “tired triad” of the precolonial, colonial, and postcolonial, in turn, needs to be brought into conversation with the central assumption of decoloniality, which argues for an epistemic rupture between the precolonial and the colonial.</p>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 2","pages":"265-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hith.12384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HISTORICAL ANTIFASCISM AND THE GLOBAL LEFT 历史上的反法西斯主义和全球左翼

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12378

TERENCE RENAUD

{"title":"HISTORICAL ANTIFASCISM AND THE GLOBAL LEFT","authors":"TERENCE RENAUD","doi":"10.1111/hith.12378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Joseph Fronczak's <i>Everything Is Possible: Antifascism and the Left in the Age of Fascism</i> presents antifascism in the 1920s and 1930s as a universal cause that united people across social and ideological divides, creating the discursive framework for the global Left we know today. It revises standard accounts according to which the Left originated either with the Atlantic revolutions circa 1800 or with the international workers’ movement that took shape in the late nineteenth century. This article accepts the weak form of the book's argument that the antifascist era was remarkably creative and essential for understanding the development of today's Left. However, it rejects the strong form of the argument that dissociates the Left from any prior history in the revolutionary tradition or the workers’ movement. To complement the book's discursive analysis of languages of the Left, this article outlines a structural analysis of antisystemic opposition in the contexts of global capitalism, imperialism, and mass politics. What results is a long-term concept of the Left that, among other things, highlights the promise and pitfalls of antifascist populism. The core problem of defining the Left is accounting for the historical disjuncture between unity of antisystemic consciousness and unity of organized action.</p>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 2","pages":"301-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hith.12378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY AS A CRITIQUE OF VIOLENCE: HISTORY, THEOLOGY, AND POLITICS IN WALTER BENJAMIN'S EARLY WRITINGS 作为暴力批判的历史哲学：瓦尔特·本雅明早期著作中的历史、神学和政治

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12380

VINSENT NOLLET

{"title":"PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY AS A CRITIQUE OF VIOLENCE: HISTORY, THEOLOGY, AND POLITICS IN WALTER BENJAMIN'S EARLY WRITINGS","authors":"VINSENT NOLLET","doi":"10.1111/hith.12380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12380","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Walter Benjamin's “Critique of Violence” became a classical work on revolutionary politics mainly due to influential political-theological expositions of its arguments. The main challenge with the political-theological understanding of the essay, however, is that Benjamin seemingly argued against any reconciliation of politics and theology. For this reason, this article develops a historical-philosophical rather than a political-theological interpretation of Benjamin's “Critique of Violence.” It demonstrates how Benjamin's essay on violence can be best understood if it is read as a text containing a speculative philosophy of history. In the essay, Benjamin indeed presented the role of violence in history as a historical “law of oscillation” between lawmaking and law-preserving violence. The problem of violence transcends the framework of the political, which can witness only “administered” violence, not violence as such, and hence cannot escape the dialectical movement of this “law.” While Benjamin's philosophy of history is usually located in the final period of his philosophical activity and comprises a messianic-Marxist complex, Benjamin's “Critique of Violence” suggests the existence of a more substantial philosophy of history in Benjamin's early writings than is usually assumed. The period between 1919 and 1922 especially shows a concentration of anarchistic and nihilistic texts devoted to developing this philosophy of history.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 2","pages":"178-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ETHICS FOR ARTIFICIAL HISTORIANS 人为历史学家的伦理

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12377

Marnie Hughes-Warrington

{"title":"ETHICS FOR ARTIFICIAL HISTORIANS","authors":"Marnie Hughes-Warrington","doi":"10.1111/hith.12377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Artificial historians do not need to have intentions to complete actions or to solve problems. Consequently, a revised approach to the ethics of history is needed. An approach to ethics for artificial historians can be proposed through the recognition of historiographical logic, which is a hybrid of modal, propositional, and erotetic (question-based) types. Looking to examples of texts produced by artificial and human historians, I argue that this hybrid historiographical logic is seen at play in what Jo Guldi has called “signal” (which can denote both the focus and interpretation of historians) and I call “healthy noise,” or metadiscursive question-begging and possible world generation. Together, the signal and noise of histories generate an ethical stance of openness toward the possibilities of new evidence from the past, new ways of interpreting that evidence, and new combinations of signal and noise. Recognizing the potential presence of this logic in modal-propositional-erotetic statements about the past in a wide range of texts, I argue for the recognition of historiographical logic as broadly useful for AI and specifically useful for the discipline. This historiographical and logical turn facilitates stepping beyond treating ethics as the generation of lists of principles that may fail in application and toward recognizing particular forms of logic as indicating ethically beneficent outcomes. This shift may facilitate the detection and deterrence of histories shaped by logics that indicate ethically maleficent outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 2","pages":"159-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hith.12377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“A GUESSER IN THIS VALE OF TEARS”: ON THE POLITICS OF HISTORY WRITING “泪谷中的猜测者”：关于历史写作的政治

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12379

Joan W. Scott

引用次数: 0

THE STUPID NINETEENTH CENTURY: PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY IN CRITICAL POSTHUMANIST AND POST-ANTHROPOCENTRIC THOUGHT 愚蠢的十九世纪：批判后人文主义和后人类中心主义思想中的历史哲学

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12373

CALLUM BARRELL, SARA RAIMONDI

{"title":"THE STUPID NINETEENTH CENTURY: PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY IN CRITICAL POSTHUMANIST AND POST-ANTHROPOCENTRIC THOUGHT","authors":"CALLUM BARRELL, SARA RAIMONDI","doi":"10.1111/hith.12373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article addresses the charge of “stupidity” leveled at nineteenth-century thought by recent critical posthumanist and post-anthropocentric theorists. The article's first section traces a particularistic reading of nineteenth-century philosophy of history in the writings of Rosi Braidotti and Bruno Latour, both of whom have employed the nineteenth century as an intellectual shorthand for human exceptionalism and its implicit collusion with the present ecological crisis. Their respective posthumanist and post-anthropocentric provocations (1) question the composition, agency, and exceptionalism of the human, and (2) posit multiple temporalities as an alternative to the linear time of universal history. While intellectual historians have begun to complicate the first provocation in relation to the nineteenth century, we lack an equivalent intervention for the second. In response, the article's second section draws on John Stuart Mill's (1806–1873) reception of Auguste Comte (1798–1857) to demonstrate that speculative philosophy of history in fact grappled with its own problems of scale, multiplicity, and direction. We show that Mill, partly in response to Comte, employed incommensurable historical registers, such as the universal and the relative, to interpret the past at different scales of analysis. These scales were undeniably human, not to mention Eurocentric, but they nevertheless invite a more nuanced reading of the nineteenth century as well as a less linear and troubled logic of overcoming that afflicts Braidotti, Latour, and others. In this spirit, the article's final section suggests that nineteenth-century philosophy of history may actually facilitate the recomposition of the human in time, a task that is central to the multifaceted crisis of the present posthumanist, post-anthropocentric, and Anthropocenic conjuncture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 1","pages":"24-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

WHY STILL KOSELLECK? 为什么还在吃素？

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12370

Fernando Esposito

{"title":"WHY STILL KOSELLECK?","authors":"Fernando Esposito","doi":"10.1111/hith.12370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.12370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Those seeking to gain a deeper understanding of the complex interrelationship between Reinhart Koselleck's oeuvre and the turbulences of the Age of Extremes would be well advised to consult Stefan-Ludwig Hoffmann's <i>Der Riss in der Zeit: Kosellecks ungeschriebene Historik</i>. Hoffmann shows how “Koselleck's personal experience of the abysmal meaninglessness of history” and his “experiences of time in extremis” formed the starting point for his numerous historiographical endeavors and, ultimately, for his unwritten <i>Historik</i>. Hoffmann provides an accessible interpretation of Koselleck's oeuvre, contextualizes its insights as a reflex of the latter's experience of the abysmal crises of the twentieth century, and invites a series of far-reaching questions that point beyond Koselleck. The significance of Koselleck for contemporary historical thought is founded on his historicization of historicism. Whereas the initial crisis of historicism constituted the point of departure for Koselleck's project, it was before the backdrop of a second crisis of historicism that he historicized historicism, embarked on a search for a theory of the conditions of possible histories, and opened up a horizon for a new historical concept of history and understanding of time.</p>","PeriodicalId":47473,"journal":{"name":"History and Theory","volume":"64 1","pages":"123-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hith.12370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HISTORY, THEORY, VERTIGO: HOMODIEGESIS IN CONTEMPORARY HISTORIOGRAPHY 历史、理论、眩晕：当代史学中的同质叙事

IF 1.1 2区历史学

History and Theory Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1111/hith.12374

Andrew Baird

引用次数: 0