{"title":"If Speaking is Silver, Listening is Gold","authors":"Abhay Raj Singh","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.6","url":null,"abstract":"Hearing refers to one’s ability to perceive sounds, by receiving vibrations through ears. In contrast, listening is a skill that requires one to use senses, including hearing and sense of touch. Hearing is physiological and only uses the ears while listening is psychological and requires the use of the brain to interpret the message. Active Listening builds trust and strong relationships, it can help you to resolve conflicts, it even helps you from missing important information, it also helps you to identify or anticipate problems. Thus, helps you to build more knowledge. While hearing may seem less important than listening as it is involuntary, it is passive and simply relies on inaction.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135595974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Echoes of Historical Trauma: An Analysis of Beloved and The God of Small Things","authors":"Khanak Ashveena Mayank","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.24","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the profound impact of historical traumas arising from slavery and caste oppression on memory and identity in Beloved and The God of Small Things. Employing trauma theory as the analytical framework, the study explores the thematic intersections and narrative techniques used by Morrison and Roy to portray the effects of trauma on individual and collective identity. Through a comparative analysis, the research delves into how the temporal hybridity and non-linear structures in the novels serve to represent the complexities of traumatic experiences. The presence of repetition in both narratives will also be examined, illustrating how the characters grapple with their recurring trauma. Furthermore, the research explores how the respective traumas have fractured the identities of the protagonists, shaping their perceptions of self and others, and influencing their relationships with their families. This research provides an examination of the lasting effects of slavery and caste oppression, offering insights into the ways literature can act as a medium for exploring collective historical traumas and their resonance in contemporary societies. Moreover, the research underscores the significance of recognizing and addressing trauma in order to foster healing and resilience in individuals and communities.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135103257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Weird in the Wild: A Study of Bizarre Human Behavior Far from the Framework of Civilization in The Heart of Darkness and Lord of the Flies","authors":"Tasnim Amin, Nur Selina","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.41","url":null,"abstract":"When the norms of a civilized society are nonexistent and the rules and regulations to control human behavior are absent or inadequate, an eccentric outburst of violence and cruelty overpowers the civilized and controlled conduct of human being. In terms of the daily acts of violence performed by one man against another, whether on a small, personal level or during large world wars, Golding's portrayal of this aspect of human nature in his novel The Lord of the Flies appears to be very true. On the other hand, Conrad has depicted in Heart of Darkness the qualities that make us human, primarily the darker aspects of our nature, such as man's pride of his own superiority. This approach is revealed when the colonizers in Africa treat the natives more cruelly and dehumanizingly due of the primitive manner of their life and weaponry. In both of the novels the settings are dark and deep forest, which holds a special place in the human imagination because it allows us to briefly put our urbane, civilized selves aside and let our wild selves take over the control. This essay makes an effort to pinpoint and examine the weird behavior of violence that flares out in a remote, wild setting, away from the network of civilization.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agree to Disagree: Perception of Beauty in Gwendolyn Brooks’s Maud Martha","authors":"Ashley Zhu","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.19","url":null,"abstract":"Maud Martha, a 1953 novel written by the award-winning, African American, female poet Gwendolyn Brooks, is a richly told exploration of beauty, people’s perceptions of it, and its consequences. Brooks explores the connection between being ordinary and being beautiful, and how such descriptions can affect each other. Maud Martha, the novel’s titular character, spends her formative years in 1940s urban and mostly black Chicago, thinking about the beautiful things around her and far away from her. Through her story and growth as a person, Brooks asks us to question our own perceptions of beauty, as well as our categorizations of it.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cryptic Echoes and Eternal Shadows: Unveiling Profound Themes in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The House of the Seven Gables","authors":"Nawal Nagi","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.15","url":null,"abstract":"Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The House of the Seven Gables is a masterpiece that looks into a myriad of enduring themes, offering to the readers a lush tapestry of human encounters and social commentary. By means of the Pyncheon family's dark past and the curse that haunts them, Hawthorne examines how the depravities of the past can engender an extensive shadow on future generations, causing moral deterioration and spiritual conflict. The paper attempts to dissect and analyze the themes that pervade the narrative, revealing some significant perceptions and social critiques rooted within the story. It also examines the gender and social expectations delicately woven into the structure of the narrative affording timeless insights into the human predicament and societal dynamics.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136202536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Appropriation and Sexual Obligation: A Feminist Reading of Khushwant Singh’s The Company of Women","authors":"Priyanka Marwaha, Dr Nancy","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.21","url":null,"abstract":"The patriarchal perspective has continually made women a puppet in a man's hands. The male society assigns women a secondary position in the household. So, man becomes the principal governing factor that appropriates and subjugates women. This paper critically analyses how the men appropriate and sexually obligate women in one way or the other in Khushwant Singh's The Company of Women. Published in 1999, it is Khushwant Singh's fourth novel. It presents the episodes of appropriation and sexual obligation of women- ranging from an Afro-American teenager to a Bai in Bombay by the narrator. The concept of Appropriation of Women by Collette Guillaumin has been applied as a theoretical framework. After a thorough reading of the selected text, relevant sentences and passages have been cited as textual evidence. The research findings indicate that the text understudy affirms the appropriation and sexual obligation of women.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on chemical, physical and microbiological quality characteristics of Barki sheep burger fed on medicinal plants with yeast","authors":"Engy Fayz Zaki, Moustafa Mohamed M.A. Ghandour","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the personas of The World’s Wife women. Carol Ann Duffy uses the Monologues to express the voice of the women who were kept silenced in history and myths, and each persona of this poem collection expresses her suffering and desires in a different manner which can be seen as unorthodox through the lens of the social norms. This study focuses on the individual personas as characters and their psychological disturbance. All of the personas face a troubling environment, which she has to face in a certain manner and behavior. Through this study, we can specifically locate the psychological disturbance of Mrs. Beast, Mrs. Lazarus, Mrs. Midas, Mrs. Quasimodo, and Queen Herod.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parallel Interplay between Tradition and Folk Theatre: A Study of select works of Vijay Tendulkar","authors":"Md. Alemul Islam","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.34","url":null,"abstract":"Folk theatre is the root of modern Indian drama, and with the advancement of modernity, folk theatre keeps balancing the dynamic aspect of modernity. Most of India's well-known playwrights overcame the limitations of regional language throughout the 1970s and produced a number of excellent plays on a national scale. The majority of their experimental productions were focused on incorporating Indian folk theatre components or performance traditions into mainstream theatre. As a result, we see Utpal Dutt using Jatra in Surya Sikar and Girish Karnad adopting Yakshagna, a traditional type of theatre, in his play Hayavadana (1972). In order to create a new type of theatre that he called the \"Third Theatre\" or \"Street Theatre\", Badal Sircar experimented with incorporating folk elements into proscenium theatres. Similar to his contemporaries, Vijay Tendulkar also experimented with many types of folk drama in Ghasiram Kotwal (1972) and other plays. The current study is an integrated effort to concentrate on how tradition and modernity are portrayed in Vijay Tendulkar's plays. Another way to put it is that modernity has economic, social, cultural, and political ramifications. A cultural driving force with social, economic, and political ramifications is tradition. Vijay Tendulkar explores both conventional and contemporary tendencies in his plays through folk theatre. In his plays, he combines elements of heritage and modernism. They are entangled with both modernity and tradition. One may easily notice Tendulkar's keen observation of life in his plays . He strikes a delicate balance between tradition and contemporary in expressing the social realities . The purpose of this article is try to understand how Tendulkar employed various folk theatre styles to express power dynamics and the outcome of oppression, a very modern and postcolonial subject, on stage.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135311044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Arsalan Asjad, Zaixiang Lou, Mukesh Mukesh, Sehar Anwar, Hafiz Abdul Munam, Farazia Hassan, Waleed Al-Ansi
{"title":"Review and Prospect of English Activity-based Approach in China (2018-2022)","authors":"Muhammad Arsalan Asjad, Zaixiang Lou, Mukesh Mukesh, Sehar Anwar, Hafiz Abdul Munam, Farazia Hassan, Waleed Al-Ansi","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.4","url":null,"abstract":"Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, this paper collects the literature on English activity-based approach published in 15 Chinese educational journals from 2018-2022, and has a review from four dimensions: development trend, research object, research content and research methods. The results show that: the number of studies is generally on an upward trend; the research objects are concentrated at the high school level, followed by middle school and the least at elementary school; the main contents of studies include conceptual research and design philosophy at the macro level, lesson design research, teaching strategies and literacy development at the micro level; the research methods are mainly non-empirical studies, and the empirical studies are mainly qualitative studies. This paper then analyzes the problems of the existing research and presents an outlook on the future development of English learning activity perspective research.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the Nexus of Memory, Power, and Identity in Lois Lowry’s The Giver and Yoko Ogawa’s The Memory Police","authors":"Nandini Jaithalia","doi":"10.22161/ijels.85.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.44","url":null,"abstract":"The study of memory, power, and identity explores how power dynamics within societies shape the construction and preservation of collective and individual memories, ultimately influencing the formation and evolution of identities. Accordingly, this research delves into the intricate relationship between memory, identity, and power by analysing two dystopian novels, Lois Lowry’s The Giver and Yoko Ogawa’s The Memory Police. In both the narratives, the theme of memory and its profound influence is apparent. Lowry drew inspiration from her father’s memory loss, prompting her exploration of a world where painful memories are intentionally eliminated. Ogawa pays homage to Anne Frank’s The Diary of a Young Girl and explores contemporary anxieties surrounding surveillance, media manipulation, and authoritarianism. This study seeks to examine how the manipulation of memory by authoritarian regimes impacts the sense of self and collective identity in both the texts. Drawing from the methods of memory studies and literary analysis, the paper explores how the characters in these novels navigate a world where memories are controlled, suppressed, or erased, leading to a disruption in the formation of individual and group identities. Through a comparative analysis of the two works, the paper uncovers the ways in which the manipulation of memory serves as a tool for maintaining dominance and shaping collective consciousness, ultimately distorting individual and communal identities. This study ultimately reveals how language and writing can also be used to resist the dominance of authoritarian regimes over the perceptions of the past, present, and future of individuals and communities.","PeriodicalId":474639,"journal":{"name":"International journal of english, literature and social science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135504529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}