Clinical Medicine & Research最新文献

{"title":"PRN Antihypertensives in Hospitals: A Crisis of Precision or Pragmatism?","authors":"Apurva Popat","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.2002","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.2002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weil's Disease with Multi-Organ Dysfunction: A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"David Vivero-Tellez, Joshua Antonio Contreras-Ortíz, Emmanuel Flores-Martínez, Abraham Edgar Gracia-Ramos","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1963","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by spirochetes from the species <i>Leptospira</i> Weil's disease, the more severe manifestation of leptospirosis, is characterized by a combination of jaundice, renal injury, and hemorrhages. Diagnosing severe leptospirosis in patients with acute life-threatening multi-organ dysfunction at presentation can be challenging because of the non-specific clinical manifestations. This report describes a case of severe leptospirosis with jaundice, acute renal dysfunction, severe thrombocytopenia, pulmonary hemorrhage, and unusual manifestations, including rhabdomyolysis, acalculous cholecystitis, and pancreatitis, which required a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation of possible causes to confirm the diagnosis. The case highlights the importance of clinicians considering leptospirosis in the differential diagnosis of a patient with cryptogenic sepsis who develops multiple organ dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"False Positive Supraventricular Tachycardia During Exercise Stress Test.","authors":"Apurva Popat, Sweta Yadav, Deepa Soodi, Param P Sharma","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.201","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise stress testing is crucial for assessing myocardial ischemia. However, artifacts from algorithmic interpretation and limitations of linked median algorithms can lead to false-positive findings. A female patient, age 63 years, underwent treadmill stress testing for atypical chest pain. Linked median analysis showed narrow complex tachycardia at 270 bpm during the stress test. Having supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with a heart rate of 260 bpm would be extremely uncommon in a patient 63 years of age, especially without symptoms. The patient was initially planned for inpatient admission, but the raw electrocardiogram (ECG) confirmed sinus tachycardia. This case emphasizes the need for verification of synthesized ECG to avoid false-positive arrhythmia diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Methemoglobinemia and Hemolysis from Sodium Chlorite Ingestion.","authors":"Jessica Liu, Matthew Patel, Marisa Vigna, Mark Keith Hewitt, Wendy Lim","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1954","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium chlorite is a household and industrial cleaning agent that can cause oxidative stress leading to methemoglobinemia and severe hemolysis when ingested. There is a scarcity of published literature reporting this in humans. We report a case of intentional sodium chlorite ingestion for homeopathic purposes that resulted in methemoglobinemia and hemolysis, requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Following successful treatment with methylene blue, the patient developed worsening hemolytic activity. Outpatient testing later revealed she was non- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient. Hemolysis precipitated by methylene blue is an underrecognized side effect that can be observed in individuals both with and without G6PD deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of CRH, ACTH, Cortisol, and Chromogranin Levels in the Acute Stage of Schizophrenia.","authors":"Esra Yazici, Yavuz Selim Ogur, Derya Guzel Erdogan, Betul Aslan Turkmen, Ahmet Bulent Yazici","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1930","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study investigated the relationship between corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) related hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormones, chromogranin (CgA), and the acute stage of schizophrenia.<b>Methods:</b> Thirty-eight patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM 5) were included in the study. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Stroop Test, Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), and Wechsler Memory Scale III Visual Reproduction Subtest (WMS III-VRS) were implemented to the patient on the days 1 and 20 of their hospitalization. Blood samples were taken on days 1 and 20 from each patient at 8 AM. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, CRH, and CgA serum levels were measured.<b>Results:</b> The CRH levels were significantly higher on day 20 than day 1 (<i>P</i>=0.007, t=-2.8). A positive correlation was found between cortisol level and PANSS General (r=0.325; <i>P</i>=0.046) and immediate WMS III- VRS (r=0.424; <i>P</i>=0.008). CgA change between the day 1 and day 20 negatively correlated with the sum of previous psychiatric hospitalization days (r=-0.344, <i>P</i>=0.034). Day 1 ACTH levels were negatively correlated with the sum of previous psychiatric hospitalization days (r=-0.365, <i>P</i>=0.024) and the hospitalization number (r=-0.415, <i>P</i>=0.01).<b>Conclusion:</b> HPA axis hormones measured in the acute phase of schizophrenia can give an idea about the severity of the disease and visual memory functions. However, studies with more subjects and controlling confounders are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-16 Up-Regulation is Associated with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Progression and Poor Prognosis in Patients.","authors":"Lai Huichao, Liao Zhenrong, Liu Jianying, Zhong Guiwei, Chen Lianhong, Xu Minjuan","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1946","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> IL-16 has been described as a chemoattractant that activates macrophages, CD4+ T cells, eosinophils, dendritic cells, and monocytes, thus activating the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-15, IL-1β, and TNF-α. The present study aimed to investigate the IL-16 expression in the serum and elucidate IL-16 significance in the clinical assessment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).<b>Methods:</b> The study adopted an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to analyze the expressions of IL-16 in the serum derived from 80 EOC patients and 80 age-matched healthy controls. The association of IL-16 levels with EOC patients' prognosis and clinical factors were determined. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was done to determine the accuracy of serum IL-16 in EOC diagnosis.<b>Results:</b> EOC patients demonstrated significantly increased serum IL-16 levels compared to the controls (192.4 ±54.27 pg/mL versus 90.5±41.27 pg/mL, <i>P</i><0.001, respectively). Elevated IL-16 levels in the serum were remarkably linked with tumor size (<i>P</i>=0.001), FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage (<i>P</i>=0.001), recurrence (<i>P</i>=0.039), and metastasis of lymph node (P=0.029). Analysis of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve confirmed elevated IL-16 levels in serum is directly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (<i>P</i>=0.032) and progression-free survival (<i>P</i>=0.041). Assessment of univariate and multivariate results demonstrated IL-16 serum levels (HR: 2.996, 95%CI:1.313-4.231, <i>P</i>=0.006) were the independent EOC patients' prognostic factors. Analyses of the ROC curve confirmed AUC of 0.781, 95% CI:0.639-0.923, <i>P</i><0.001.<b>Conclusion:</b> Elevated IL-16 serum levels are linked with poor prognosis in EOC patients, and IL-16 might be a promising biomarker for the prognosis of EOC among patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Diagnostic Prediction Model for Distinguishing Between Tuberculous and Cryptococcal Meningitis.","authors":"Mengqi Niu, Zhenzhen Bai, Liang Dong, Wei Zheng, Xialing Wang, Nannan Dong, Si Tian, Kebin Zeng","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2024.1869","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2024.1869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and aim:</b> Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) are easily misdiagnosed due to atypical clinical symptoms. It is difficult for physcians to achieve a rapid and accurate differential diagnosis of TBM in the early stages of disease onset. The aim of this study was to construct a diagnostic prediction model for TBM and CM.<b>Methods:</b> In this retrospective study, 194 patients with TBM and CM were divided into two groups: training group (163 patients) and validation group (31 patients). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the training group patients. The diagnostic factors were selected to construct the differential diagnostic prediction model for TBM and CM, and the prediction model was verified. A receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) was constructed and used to evaluate the diagnostic value of the novel model.<b>Results:</b> Univariate analysis of clinical characteristics revealed differences in eight parameters (<i>P</i><0.05) between tuberculous meningitis and cryptococcal meningitis. The multivariate analyses showed there were five independent differential factors including age, disease course, albumin-to-globulin ratio, cerebrospinal fluid protein, and cerebrospinal fluid sugar to blood sugar ratio in this study between TBM and CM, while there was no significant difference in the number of nucleated cells in CSF (<i>P</i>=0.088). A differential diagnosis model for TBM and CM was constructed based on those factors. A ROC was constructed with an area under curve [AUC] of 94.5%, a sensitivity of 85.71%, and specificity of 94.59% in the training group.<b>Conclusion:</b> The novel diagnostic scoring model for TBM and CM has greater differential diagnosis potential than previous reports, which can provide more reliable preliminary diagnosis results for primary hospitals, effectively reduce misdiagnosis, and provide references for early treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"22 4","pages":"197-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcortical Gray Matter Volume Abnormalities in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Atrophy.","authors":"Gustavo R Dos Santos, Sergio E Ono, Arnolfo de Carvalho Neto, Luciano de Paola, Carlos E Soares Silvado, Gustavo L Marques, Dante L Escuissato","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2024.1894","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2024.1894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Hippocampal atrophy (HA), the main lesion associated with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy, can be reliably evaluated using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with satisfactory lateralization of the epileptogenic focus. Post-processing quantitative techniques permit better evaluation of extratemporal volume abnormalities, including cortical and subcortical gray matter (GM) structures, with more consistent findings in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the epileptogenic focus, including the thalamus and adjacent gyri. We aimed to analyze the relationship between subcortical GM volume and temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal atrophy (TLE-HA), including hippocampal subfield analysis.<b>Design:</b> A transversal observational study conducted with patients from Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná, and a group control of healthy participants from Diagnostico Avançado por Imagem - DAPI.<b>Setting:</b> This study was conducted at Diagnostico Avançado por Imagem (Clinical Imaging Institution in Curitiba, Brazil) and Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil.<b>Participants:</b> Patients with TLE-HA referred for surgical planning between September 2013 and August 2018 and individuals without pathologies on MRI scans other than HA were included.<b>Methods:</b> Subcortical GM volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala, and basal ganglia were obtained using automated techniques from the MRI scans of 38 patients with TLE-HA (17 with left TLE-HA) and compared with those of 59 healthy controls.<b>Results:</b> Patients with right TLE-HA demonstrated no significantly lower volumes in the subcortical structures; however, contralateral amygdala enlargement was observed (<i>t</i> = 3.802, <i>P</i> < 0.001). No significant volume loss was observed in the left TLE-HA group, the contralateral hippocampus, or hippocampal subfield comparisons; however, enlargement of the contralateral hippocampal amygdala transitional area was observed (<i>t</i> = 2.57, <i>P</i> = 0.012 for R-TLE-HA; <i>t</i> = 2.20, <i>P</i> = 0.031 for L-TLE-HA).<b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings suggest different patterns of subcortical volume abnormalities in patients with left and right TLE-HA, which may indicate different neural network abnormalities on the ictal side. No significant volume abnormalities existed in the contralateral hippocampus in the TLE-HA group or specific hippocampal subfields in automated analysis. Subtle contralateral amygdala enlargement was present in both groups and may play a specific role in the epileptogenic mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"22 4","pages":"180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minority Health Social Vulnerability and Its Association with Cancer Incidence: A Nationwide Ecological Investigation.","authors":"Abdul R Shour, Amog Jayarangaiah, Ronald Anguzu, David Puthoff, Adedayo Onitilo","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2024.1856","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2024.1856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cancer is a major public health concern in the United States, especially among minority populations. Area-level social determinants of health (SDOH) influence cancer outcomes, but the impact of the Minority Health Social Vulnerability Index (MHSVI) on cancer incidence at the county level is less understood.<b>Methods:</b> We analyzed ecological data from the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality for 3,232 counties in 2019. Exposures included MHSVI themes: socioeconomic, household composition, minority status/language, housing/transportation, healthcare infrastructure/access, and medical vulnerability (continuous). Overall MHSVI was categorized into low (.01/.25), moderate (.26/.74), and high (.75/1) percentiles. The outcome was the total number of cancer cases (continuous). Covariates included US regions and rural-urban regions. Unadjusted and adjusted negative binomial regressions with population weighting were performed using STATA/MPv.17; <i>P</i> values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.<b>Results:</b> A total of 3,232 counties were analyzed, with an average of 2,817.9 (SD:7,733.5) cancer cases, ranging from 16 to 201,547. All variables were significantly associated with cancer cases in unadjusted analyses. Adjusted analysis showed increased cancer incidence in moderate (IRR:0.94, 95%CI:0.92-0.96, <i>P</i><0.001) and high (IRR:0.86, 95%CI:0.84-0.88, <i>P</i><0.001) MHSVI areas compared to low MHSVI areas. Regional differences were observed, with increased cancer incidence in the Northeast (IRR:1.18, 95%CI:1.15-1.22, <i>P</i><0.001), South (IRR:1.03, 95% CI:1.01-1.05, <i>P</i><0.001), and West (IRR:0.92, 95%CI:0.90-0.94, <i>P</i><0.001) compared to the Midwest. Rural areas had a slight increase in cancer incidence compared to urban areas (IRR:1.03, 95%CI:1.01-1.04, <i>P</i><0.001).<b>Conclusions:</b> Our study highlights the significant association between MHSVI and cancer incidence at the county level. Regional and rural-urban differences were evident, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions addressing SDOH to reduce cancer disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"22 4","pages":"173-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Imaging Insights into Post-Cholecystectomy Complications for Enhanced Clinical Practice.","authors":"Edith Tenorio-Flores, Irma-Gabriela Sanchez-Rodriguez, Maria-Del-Carmen Garcia-Blanco, Leslie-Marisol González-Hermosillo, Melissa Garcia-Lezama, Ernesto Roldan-Valadez","doi":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1985","DOIUrl":"10.3121/cmr.2025.1985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To provide a comprehensive review of post-cholecystectomy complications, including their classification, diagnostic approaches, and clinical management, with a focus on imaging modalities and their role in improving patient outcomes.<b>Design:</b> This review integrates current evidence from relevant studies and clinical guidelines to categorize and describe early and late complications after cholecystectomy. Imaging findings, management strategies, and multidisciplinary considerations are emphasized.<b>Setting:</b> Data were synthesized from peer-reviewed literature and case studies involving post-cholecystectomy patients in diverse clinical settings.<b>Participants:</b> Patients undergoing laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy and subsequently presenting with complications such as bile duct injuries, bile leaks, vascular injuries, or stone-related conditions.<b>Methods:</b> A systematic approach was employed to identify common and rare complications. Each complication was categorized by anatomical location, timing of presentation, and severity. The diagnostic utility of imaging modalities, including ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was critically evaluated.<b>Results:</b> Post-cholecystectomy complications significantly impact morbidity. Early complications include bile duct injuries, bile leaks, vascular injuries, and infectious processes. Late complications, such as bile duct strictures, retained stones, and Mirizzi syndrome are associated with higher diagnostic complexity. Imaging modalities play a crucial role in early detection and management, with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography offering superior diagnostic and therapeutic potential.<b>Conclusion:</b> Post-cholecystectomy complications require timely recognition and multidisciplinary management. Imaging studies are indispensable for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This review highlights key complications and their imaging characteristics, aiding clinicians in optimizing patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47429,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine & Research","volume":"22 4","pages":"206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}