Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

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Sun Exposure and Usage of Sun Protection: Knowledge, Perception and Practice among University Students. 日晒与防晒措施的使用:大学生的防晒知识、观念和实践。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.19
Sadeel A Shanshal, Shahad M Khaleel, Sawsan H Hammoodi
{"title":"Sun Exposure and Usage of Sun Protection: Knowledge, Perception and Practice among University Students.","authors":"Sadeel A Shanshal, Shahad M Khaleel, Sawsan H Hammoodi","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to the sun is vital for the body but is associated with problem ranging from pigmentation to cancer. Therefore, knowledge about protective measures is critical. This study aims to assess undergraduate students' knowledge, perception and practices towards the adverse effects of sun exposure and the usage of sun-protective measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 September 2022 and 20 September 2022 using a web-based questionnaire. Undergraduate students from medical and non-medical colleges in Iraqi universities participated in this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics and logistic regression were performed to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 655 students participated in this study. The knowledge level of more than one-half of the students (53%) was inadequate. Approximately three-quarters of the study sample used sunscreens products. Skin type was the main factor in choosing the appropriate sunscreen product. Media and advice from specialists were the main factors affecting participants' usage of sunscreens. Gender (females), college (medical), year(s) of study (sixth), residence (urban), daily sun exposure (1 h-3 h) and less-than-normal vitamin D levels were found to be significantly associated with better knowledge (<i>P</i>-value < 0.05). Age, gender, being a student in medical colleges and not knowing vitamin D levels were found to be significant predictors of participants' knowledge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The low level of knowledge reported among the participants' calls for more attention from health authorities in educating the public about the harmful effects of sun exposure and the importance of adopting protective measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Impact of Intensifying Treatment from Human to Analogue Insulin on Glycaemic Control and Insulin Expenditure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. 评估从人胰岛素到模拟胰岛素的强化治疗对 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制和胰岛素消耗的影响:回顾性队列研究
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.14
Siti Aisyah Hussin, Nur Aimi Mohamad, Mohd Khairi Othman, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Intensifying Treatment from Human to Analogue Insulin on Glycaemic Control and Insulin Expenditure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Siti Aisyah Hussin, Nur Aimi Mohamad, Mohd Khairi Othman, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achieving good glycaemic control is essential to reducing the risk of diabetes complications. Insulin is the most effective therapy for achieving good glycaemic control; however, it is associated with a higher risk of hypoglycaemia, especially with human insulin. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intensification from human to analogue insulin and its added cost.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who underwent intensification for at least 3 months from human to analogue insulin were included in this study. The patients' medical records, haemoglobin A1c (Hba1c) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were retrieved. The total cost pre- and post-intensification of insulin was obtained from the pharmacy database. Differences in HbA1c, FBS and total insulin cost pre- and post-intensification were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 163 patients with T2DM who had intensification from human to analogue insulin were included in this study. HbA1c and FBS levels were significantly lower in analogue insulin. However, the differences were not clinically significant, as the mean reduction in HbA1c was less than 0.5%. Meanwhile, the total costs of analogue insulin for 3 months were higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were no clinically significant improvements in patients' HbA1c and FBS after the intensification of insulin, despite the extra costs spent. Hence, it is vital to choose the right group of patients to receive an insulin analogue to maximise its benefit but at the most optimal cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) Ethanolic Extract Treatment on Cerebral Caspase-3 Expression in Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Models. Kencur(Kaempferia galanga L.)乙醇提取物对创伤性脑损伤大鼠模型脑Caspase-3表达的影响
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.5
Army Pambudi Suryo, Rizki Meizikri, Tedy Apriawan, Agus Turchan, Lucia Yovita Hendrati, Abdul Hafid Bajamal, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi, Budi Utomo, Dyah Fauziah, Priangga Adi Wiratama
{"title":"Effect of Kencur (<i>Kaempferia galanga L.</i>) Ethanolic Extract Treatment on Cerebral Caspase-3 Expression in Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Models.","authors":"Army Pambudi Suryo, Rizki Meizikri, Tedy Apriawan, Agus Turchan, Lucia Yovita Hendrati, Abdul Hafid Bajamal, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi, Budi Utomo, Dyah Fauziah, Priangga Adi Wiratama","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common forms of trauma and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Kencur (<i>Kaempferia galanga</i> L.) ethanolic extract is known to contain substances that could theoretically inhibit unfavourable cellular processes, including oxidative stress and inflammation. This research aimed to study Kencur's anti-apoptosis activity through the inhibition of caspase-3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a true experimental post-test-only group design study, using male Wistar rats (<i>Ratus novergicus</i>) with weight-drop-induced traumatic brain injury. The subjects in this study were divided into four groups: two Control groups (Groups A and B) and two Therapy groups (Groups C and D). Groups C and D differed in the dose of Kencur ethanolic extract administered (600 mg/kgBW/day and 1,200 mg/kgBW/day, respectively). The Therapy groups were then subdivided into those receiving therapy for 24 h (C-24 and D-24) and those receiving therapy for 48 h (C-48 and D-48). Caspase-3 expression in brain tissue was evaluated at the end of the therapy using immunohistochemistry. All groups were subjected to a Kruskal-Wallis comparison test and the investigation continued with a Mann-Whitney U test to compare the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In traumatic brain injury rat models treated with <i>Kaempferia galanga</i> L. ethanolic extract at doses of 1,200 mg/kgBW/day within 48 h of therapy (D-48) compared to those who were not treated, there was a significant change in the cerebral expression of caspase-3 (<i>P</i> = 0.016). There was also a significant difference between the two doses of intervention (C-24 at 600 mg/kgBW/day and D-48 at 1,200 mg/kgBW/day; <i>P</i> = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With a minimum of 48 h of treatment split into two doses, Kencur (<i>Kaempferia galanga</i> L.) ethanolic extract can decrease caspase-3 expression in rats with traumatic brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment on Inpatient Glycaemic Control in General Medical Wards, Putrajaya Hospital. 普特拉贾亚医院普通内科病房住院病人血糖控制评估。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.18
Nor Nadziroh Ibrahim, Nurain Mohd Noor, Rashidah Bahari, Lisa Mohamed Nor, Nurul Huda Zainal Abidin
{"title":"Assessment on Inpatient Glycaemic Control in General Medical Wards, Putrajaya Hospital.","authors":"Nor Nadziroh Ibrahim, Nurain Mohd Noor, Rashidah Bahari, Lisa Mohamed Nor, Nurul Huda Zainal Abidin","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inpatient hyperglycaemia is common and associated with poor outcomes such as increased mortality and prolonged hospital stay. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of inpatient hyperglycaemia and glycaemic control in Putrajaya Hospital, Malaysia. Secondary objectives were to compare the length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rate, and death between controlled and uncontrolled glycaemic groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 July and 31 December 2019 among patients in medical wards who had a blood glucose (BG) level of > 7.8 mmol/L and stayed in the wards for ≥ 24 h. We retrieved information on demographics, diabetes history and BG profiles. The definition of controlled glycaemic status is when ≥ 80% of BG readings were between 4.0 mmol/L and 10.0 mmol/L during the hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of inpatient hyperglycaemia was 55.2%. There were 841 patients who met the eligibility criteria; their mean age was 60 (13.8) years old. Most (79.4%) of the patients were Malay and 53.9% were male. There were 452 (53.7%) patients in the uncontrolled group. They were younger and admitted with more kidney complications compared to those in the controlled group. The median LOS for both groups was 3 (2) days. The uncontrolled group showed a higher percentage of readmission within 30 days (7.5% versus 4.6 %) and death during admission (3.3% versus 1.6 %) (<i>P</i> = 0.100 and <i>P</i> = 0.082).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of inpatient hyperglycaemia was high. More than half of them had uncontrolled BG. Both groups had a similar average length of stay. The 30-day readmission rate and death during admission were higher in the uncontrolled group, although statistically not significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Processed Meat, Cooked Meat and Fish-Based Products Using the Margin of Exposure Approach. 采用暴露限值法对加工肉类、熟肉和鱼类产品中的多环芳香烃和杂环芳香胺进行风险评估。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.11
Nurin Irdina Ab-Latif, Rozaini Abdullah, Syaliza Omar, Maimunah Sanny
{"title":"Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Processed Meat, Cooked Meat and Fish-Based Products Using the Margin of Exposure Approach.","authors":"Nurin Irdina Ab-Latif, Rozaini Abdullah, Syaliza Omar, Maimunah Sanny","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study is to assess the risk of exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAs) in meat and fish-based products marketed in Malaysia using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Benchmark Dose (BMD) software was used to model the BMD at a lower end of a one-sided 95% confidence interval with a 10% incremental risk (BMDL<sub>10</sub>) of PAHs and HCAs from different target organ toxicities. The MOEs of PAHs and HCAs in meat and fish-based products were determined by utilising the calculated BMDL<sub>10</sub> values and estimated daily intake of meat and fish-based products from published data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The calculated BMDL<sub>10</sub> values of PAHs (i.e. benzo[a]pyrene [BaP] and fluoranthene [FA]) and HCAs (i.e. 2-amino-3,8,dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline [MeIQx] and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5,6]pyridine [PhIP]) ranged from 19 mg/kg bw/day to 71,801 mg/kg bw/day. The MOE of BaP ranged from 41,895 to 71,801 and that of FA ranged from 19 to 1412. As for MeIQx and PhIP, their MOEs ranged from 6,322 to 7,652 and from 2,362 to 14,390, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MOEs of FA, MeIQx and PhIP were lower than 10,000, indicating a high concern for human health and therefore demanding effective risk management actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of USM-Insulin Adherence Module for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 针对 2 型糖尿病患者的 USM-Insulin Adherence 模块的开发与验证。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.9
Aida Maziha Zainudin, Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool, Mohd Zarawi Mat Nor, Norul Badriah Hassan, Rosediani Muhamad, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed
{"title":"Development and Validation of USM-Insulin Adherence Module for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Aida Maziha Zainudin, Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool, Mohd Zarawi Mat Nor, Norul Badriah Hassan, Rosediani Muhamad, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) do not achieve the desired glycaemic control despite being treated with insulin. Studies found this due to an improper understanding of insulin function, its intensification process and patients' negative perspective on insulin. We developed an education module to enhance adherence to insulin therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study applied a mixed design. It was conducted in three phases: i) Phase I: literature search and focus group discussions (FGDs), ii) Phase II: module development and iii) Phase III: content and face validation of Universiti Sains Malaysia-Insulin Adherence Module (USM-IAM). FGDs were used to gather patients' opinions. All researchers repeatedly discussed about the module content and arrangement, the words and images used, and the grammar in producing the final draft. Specialists and target audience performed content and face validation of the module.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six participants were involved in the FGDs. Data saturation was achieved at the 4th FGD. Three themes emerged from qualitative data analysis and were incorporated into the module. USM-IAM was finalised with five units. The content validity index (CVI) was 0.92, while face validity agreements were between 86% and 97%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CVI and face agreement for USM-IAM exceed the cut-off point for a sound module. It has good potential to be used as a resource for educating patients in enhancing insulin adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neonatal and Infant Neurological Examination: Value and Applicability in Recent Medical Setting in Vietnam. 新生儿和婴儿神经系统检查:越南最新医疗环境中的价值和适用性。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.20
Ly Cong Tran, Long Duy Phun, Nhu Thi Huynh Tran, Phuong Minh Nguyen
{"title":"Neonatal and Infant Neurological Examination: Value and Applicability in Recent Medical Setting in Vietnam.","authors":"Ly Cong Tran, Long Duy Phun, Nhu Thi Huynh Tran, Phuong Minh Nguyen","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in the South of Palestine. 巴勒斯坦南部地区干眼症的患病率和风险因素。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.8
Mohammed Aljarousha, Noor Ezailina Badarudin, Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin, Yousef Aljeesh, Abuimara Amer, Muhammad Afzam Shah Abdul Rahim
{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in the South of Palestine.","authors":"Mohammed Aljarousha, Noor Ezailina Badarudin, Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin, Yousef Aljeesh, Abuimara Amer, Muhammad Afzam Shah Abdul Rahim","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) is rising globally and needs to be urgently addressed by medical professionals because it lowers patients' quality of life. There are as yet no available data in the literature about the prevalence of and risk factors for DED in the Gaza Strip, a gap that the present study seeks to address.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out between March and August 2022 in Gaza governorates using a proportional stratified sampling technique. Only Gazan individuals ≥ 18 years old and able to follow the instructions were included. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, which has previously been translated into Arabic and validated, was applied to evaluate DED symptoms. Subjective clinical tests for DED conducted were tear meniscus height (TMH), meibomian gland dysfunctions (MGDs), Marx line (ML), conjunctival Lissamine green staining (LGS), tear film break-up time test (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Schirmer II tear test (STT). DED was defined based on an Arab-OSDI score ≥ 13 and at least one positive clinical sign.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 426 participants were assessed from four areas (North Gaza Strip, 82; Gaza City, 147; Mid-Zone Gaza Strip, 62; South Gaza Strip, 135). The prevalence of DED in the present study was 31.5% (95% CI: 27.1, 36.1). Age > 50 years old (odds ratio [OR] = 10.45; 95% CI: 2.95, 37.05; <i>P</i> < 0.001), female gender (OR = 3.24; 95% CI: 1.40, 7.52, <i>P</i> = 0.006), menopause or pregnancy (OR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.25, 5.35; <i>P</i> = 0.03) and pharmacotherapy (artificial tears; OR = 9.91; 95% CI: 2.77, 35.46; <i>P</i> < 0.001) were each associated with DED symptoms. South Gaza Strip (OR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.12; <i>P</i> < 0.001), unemployed (OR = 11.67; 95% CI: 1.43, 95.44; <i>P</i> = 0.02), non-consumption of caffeine (OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.88; <i>P</i> = 0.02) and TMH < 0.2 (OR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.02, 3.19; <i>P</i> = 0.04) were associated with TBUT < 5 s. LGS was associated with those > 50 years old (OR = 2.70; 95% CI: 1.38, 5.28; <i>P</i> = 0.004), previous refractive or ocular surface surgeries (OR = 2.97; 95% CI: 1.34, 6.59; <i>P</i> = 0.008) and CFS ≥ 1 (OR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.07, 3.44; <i>P</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Various aspects of DED were linked with different risk factors, suggesting that DED subtypes have different underlying pathophysiologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systematic Review of Survival Outcomes of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer in Asian Countries. 亚洲国家妊娠相关乳腺癌生存结果的系统性回顾。
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.2
Syed Sana Abrar, Norsa'adah Bachok
{"title":"Systematic Review of Survival Outcomes of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer in Asian Countries.","authors":"Syed Sana Abrar, Norsa'adah Bachok","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is a rare type of gestational cancer. It poses a significant challenge in diagnosis and management, especially in Asian countries with limited resources. We carried out a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis to identify survival outcomes for women with PABC in Asia. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library and the reference lists of the included English language articles for those conducted between January 2010 and August 2022. The search terms were pregnancy-associated breast cancer, breast cancer AND pregnancy, survival of PABC and prognosis of PABC patients. PABC is defined as breast cancer diagnosed either during pregnancy or 1 year-5 years postpartum. This review included observational studies conducted in Asian countries. The final 11 articles met the selection criteria and were analysed. Five of the studies had high quality methods as assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. We reported study design, year of diagnosis, country, definition of PABC, control group, age of participants, median follow-up time, survival outcomes and pregnancy as prognostic factors. Only five studies reported that PABC patients had a poor overall or disease-free survival rate compared to the control. Pregnancy was a significant independent prognostic factor of breast cancer in only two studies. This review highlights that pregnancy has an unconfirmed association with breast cancer survival in Asia. Most studies that found a non-significant association had small samples, thus there is a need for large-scale multinational epidemiological studies in Asia to establish the survival outcomes in PABC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combined Effect of Dietary Acid Load and Cardiometabolic Syndrome on Bone Resorption Marker among Post-Menopausal Women in Malaysia. 膳食酸负荷和心脏代谢综合征对马来西亚绝经后妇女骨吸收标志物的综合影响
IF 1.4
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.10
Sook Yee Lim, Yoke Mun Chan, Yit Siew Chin, Mohd Shariff Zalilah, Vasudevan Ramachandran, Manohar Arumugam
{"title":"Combined Effect of Dietary Acid Load and Cardiometabolic Syndrome on Bone Resorption Marker among Post-Menopausal Women in Malaysia.","authors":"Sook Yee Lim, Yoke Mun Chan, Yit Siew Chin, Mohd Shariff Zalilah, Vasudevan Ramachandran, Manohar Arumugam","doi":"10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate factors associated with bone resorption status and determine the independent and interactive effects of dietary acid load (DAL) and cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) on bone resorption in post-menopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 211 community-dwelling post-menopausal women were recruited from the National Council of Senior Citizens Organization, Malaysia. DAL was estimated using the potential renal acid load from the food frequency questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and smoking behaviour was assessed using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2011. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were determined using the ADVIA Centaur vitamin D assay and serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX1) were used as surrogate markers to assess bone resorption. CMS was determined based on the harmonised criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age (<i>β</i> = -0.145, <i>t</i> = -2.002, <i>P</i> < 0.05) was negatively associated while DAL (<i>β</i> = 0.142, <i>t</i> = 2.096, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and sleep quality (<i>β</i> = 0.147, <i>t</i> = 2.162, <i>P</i> < 0.05) were positively associated with CTX1. Height was positively correlated with CTX1 (<i>r</i> = 0.136, <i>P</i> <0.05). Conversely, other variables (CMS traits, CMS, serum 25(OH) vitamin D level, years of menopause, years of education and physical activity) were not significantly associated with CTX1 levels. There was no significant interaction between DAL and CMS on bone resorption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings propose that high DAL, but not CMS, is a potential risk factor for bone resorption. The analysis did not demonstrate the combined effects of DAL and CMS on bone resorption.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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