Policy and Society最新文献_第7页

Knowledge–practice gap in healthcare payments: the role of policy capacity 医疗保健支付中的知识与实践差距:政策能力的作用

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad019

Azad Singh Bali, M Ramesh

{"title":"Knowledge–practice gap in healthcare payments: the role of policy capacity","authors":"Azad Singh Bali, M Ramesh","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fee-for-service remains a popular mode of paying for healthcare despite widespread knowledge of its ill effects. This has resulted in a gap between policy knowledge (understood as consensus among experts) and policy practice (actual policy measures to implement the consensus) in healthcare. The existing literature attributes such gaps to a range of factors, including the stakeholders’ different interests, incentives, ideas, and values. Our focus on this debate is through the lens of policy capacity, specifically the ability of public actors to utilize policy knowledge and inform policy practice. We show that the observed knowledge–practice gap is rooted in the complexity of healthcare payment reforms. While actors agree on the problematic condition, there is a deep disagreement on what to do about it. Agreeing on and adopting alternate payment arrangements are challenging because reformers need to anticipate and respond to the future while accommodating the interests of the current providers who benefit from the status quo. In such instances, the capacity of public actors to devise reforms and overcome resistance to them is critical. We argue that the knowledge–practice gap in healthcare payments exists because of deficiencies in the analytical abilities of governments to devise workable alternate arrangements and shortcomings in their political capacity to overcome the resistance to proposed reforms. Put differently, we argue that no amount of evidence or consensus among stakeholders is sufficient when the analytical and political capacities to act on the evidence are lacking. The arguments are illustrated with reference to payment reforms in South Korea and Thailand.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136265485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expert knowledge for global pandemic policy: a chorus of evidence or a clutter of global commissions? 全球流行病政策的专家知识:证据齐声还是全球委员会的混乱?

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad022

Diane Stone, A. Schmider

引用次数: 1

Spreading expertise: think tanks as digital advocators in the social media era 传播专业知识:智库作为社交媒体时代的数字倡导者

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad025

Jing Zhao, Xufeng Zhu

{"title":"Spreading expertise: think tanks as digital advocators in the social media era","authors":"Jing Zhao, Xufeng Zhu","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Think tanks and their roles in rendering expertise in policy advice have been the subject of historical and ongoing research in policy sciences. However, the widening trend of digital behaviors of think tanks in the social media era is yet to be investigated. While social media is reshaping the political ecology and challenging conventional sources of knowledge, it also serves as a potential channel for think tanks to publicly share their expertise and policy advice with the public and decision-makers, thus evolving into “digital advocators.” Based on social media big data methods, this paper has constructed two sets of new think tank indicators with “network centrality” of social media accounts and “ripple effect” of social media citations from Facebook and Twitter to capture and observe the digital activities of 207 prominent think tanks in 62 countries or regions. We have concluded that think tanks have displayed their opinion and values and increased visibility as digital advocators by spreading expertise on social media platforms with online marketing skills. With various values and ideas, social media not only is hosting massive policy advocacy activities and being an expertise spreading arena for think tanks but has also been changing the ecology of the think tank industry and expertise markets.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Dealing with the challenges of legitimacy, values, and politics in policy advice 应对政策建议中合法性、价值观和政治方面的挑战

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad026

Giliberto Capano, Michael Howlett, Leslie A Pal, M Ramesh

引用次数: 0

Expert legitimacy and competing legitimation in Italian school reforms 意大利学校改革中的专家合法性与竞争合法性

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad024

Maria Tullia Galanti

引用次数: 0

When bargaining is and is not possible: the politics of bureaucratic expertise in the context of democratic backsliding 当讨价还价是可能的和不可能的时候:民主倒退背景下的官僚专家政治

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad023

Natália Massaco Koga, Ana Paula Karruz, Pedro Lucas de Moura Palotti, Marcos Luiz Vieira Soares Filho, Bruno Gontyjo do Couto

{"title":"When bargaining is and is not possible: the politics of bureaucratic expertise in the context of democratic backsliding","authors":"Natália Massaco Koga, Ana Paula Karruz, Pedro Lucas de Moura Palotti, Marcos Luiz Vieira Soares Filho, Bruno Gontyjo do Couto","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad023","url":null,"abstract":"In looking at the complex relationship between expertise and power in policymaking, what is amiss are studies on how the expertise exchange bargain between politicians and bureaucracy works in practice, especially in antidemocratic contexts. To deal with this limitation, we use Christensen’s (Christensen, J. (2022). When bureaucratic expertise comes under attack. Public Administration) expertise bargain change model for examining the authority transaction between politicians and bureaucrats. Upon external shocks, such as democratic backsliding with the sidelining of policy advice, the extant expertise bargain is challenged. We explore how the bureaucracy acted toward the government’s adversarial (and even antagonistic) stance and how that relationship toward the expertise bargain changed in two policy areas in Brazil (health and environment) during Bolsonaro’s administration (2019–2022). Notably, this article relies mainly on qualitative data from in-depth interviews with bureaucrats who provided expertise to the government on these policy areas during the Bolsonaro administration’s transition. Ancillary documentary sources were examined to detail the strategies of attack from government toward bureaucratic expertise and ancillary documentary sources of quantitative data from a survey with bureaucrats fielded during the Bolsonaro administration’s first year. Results show three factors that condition bureaucratic expertise’s resilience: the nature of the attack (local or extensive), the knowledge base’s and epistemic community’s level of cohesion, and the advice system’s degree of institutionalization. This case study sheds light on how different policy advice arrangements respond and function under antidemocratic contexts, allowing the application and enrichment of policy expertise literature outside regular democratic politics.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"110 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Citizensourcing policy advisory systems in a turbulent era 动荡时代的公民采购政策咨询系统

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad017

M. Jae Moon, Seulgi Lee, Seunggyu Park

{"title":"Citizensourcing policy advisory systems in a turbulent era","authors":"M. Jae Moon, Seulgi Lee, Seunggyu Park","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad017","url":null,"abstract":"Extending previous works on major changes in policy advisory systems (PASs), such as externalization (locus) and politicization (government control), this study examines whether and how democratization (citizensourcing) of PASs works based on the case of the Kwanghwamun Citizensourcing Policy Platform, which operated for 4 years under the Moon Jae-in administration in South Korea. Analyzing more than 11,000 policy suggestions proposed by ordinary citizens on the digital policy platform, this study investigates how citizensourced policy ideas are discussed, incubated, and finally adopted through interactions among ordinary citizens, policy experts, and government agencies. Based on the belief that the operation of PASs becomes increasingly complicated and often dysfunctional as societies face more “wicked”, cross-cutting, and volatile policy problems than ever, this study argues that citizensourcing policymaking is critical to ensuring policy legitimacy and receptivity. This study suggests that both the quality and features of citizensourced policy ideas are important for advancing policymaking processes. This study also finds that political cycle and active citizen policy entrepreneurs are also critical factors, while it shows noteworthy limits on the quality and features of citizensourced policy ideas, which, in fact, lead to a frustratingly low policy adoption rate. This study suggests that governments need to actively capitalize on the power of ordinary citizens as citizen experts, while the shortcomings and risks of citizensourcing PASs also need to be carefully addressed.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"110 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“I do not consent”: political legitimacy, misinformation, and the compliance challenge in Australia’s Covid-19 policy response “我不同意”:澳大利亚应对新冠肺炎政策中的政治合法性、错误信息和合规挑战

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad018

M. Dowling, Tim Legrand

{"title":"“I do not consent”: political legitimacy, misinformation, and the compliance challenge in Australia’s Covid-19 policy response","authors":"M. Dowling, Tim Legrand","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper examines the relationship between policy compliance, the emergence of alternate epistemes and authorities in online spaces, and the decline of trust and legitimacy in democratic institutions. Drawing on insights from public policy, regulation theory, and political theory, the paper critically engages with scholarship on “policy-takers” to illuminate the tensions of compliance and legitimacy in liberal states. It proposes a compliance–legitimacy matrix that identifies the features of policy compliance—including consent, legitimacy, expertise, and trust—and their relationship to the disaggregation of policy knowledge. The article applies this framework to a case study of social media posts that respond to policy information during the management of the Covid-19 pandemic in Australia. Through analysis of these posts, the study reveals the distrust in “the science” and experts advocated by government and the calls from skeptic groups for noncompliance with public health measures. The paper argues that public policy faces an epistemic crisis of public confidence, with significant downstream consequences for compliance with public policy initiatives that has been brought on both by the failures of states to cultivate trust in science and the government. The compliance–legitimacy matrix offers a useful tool for policymakers to anticipate and address objections from policy-takers and to preempt and diffuse their fears.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76339727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the crisis management of the COVID-19 pandemic: a study of inquiry commission reports in Norway and Sweden 评估COVID-19大流行的危机管理:对挪威和瑞典调查委员会报告的研究

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad020

Tom Christensen, Per Lægreid

引用次数: 1

Pragmatism, partnerships, and persuasion: theorizing philanthropic foundations in the global policy agora 实用主义、伙伴关系和说服:全球政策舞台上的慈善基金会理论化

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad016

Janis Petzinger, T. Jung, K. Orr

引用次数: 0