Policy and Society最新文献_第6页

Policy sequencing can increase public support for ambitious climate policy 政策排序可增加公众对雄心勃勃的气候政策的支持

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad030

Simon Montfort, Lukas Fesenfeld, Isabelle Stadelmann-Steffen, Karin Ingold

{"title":"Policy sequencing can increase public support for ambitious climate policy","authors":"Simon Montfort, Lukas Fesenfeld, Isabelle Stadelmann-Steffen, Karin Ingold","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad030","url":null,"abstract":"Public support for ambitious climate policies and carbon prices that have direct costs for voters may depend on policy sequencing. Policy sequencing theory suggests that the strategic ordering of policies into sequences that initially create benefits can subsequently increase support for higher carbon prices. However, systematic quantitative evidence about the effects of sequencing on public support is lacking. We provide novel theoretical and empirical insights on the mechanisms through which strategic policy sequencing affects public support for climate policies. We generated these insights using geospatial data and a representative conjoint experiment with Swiss voters conducted just before the popular vote on an amendment to the Federal Act on the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in June 2021. Our evidence shows that the perceived effectiveness of prior policy-induced benefits is related to more public support for higher carbon prices across sectors. Moreover, we find that more opportunity structures for low-emission alternatives—like higher EV charging station density—are associated with increased public support for carbon prices in the sector where the former material benefits occur. Our results also imply that positive policy perceptions of prior climate policies are related to increased support, particularly among conservative voters and those who do not regard climate change as a salient issue. Thus, strategic policy sequencing could be an effective strategy for broadening public support for ambitious climate policies.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138559468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blame avoidance and credit-claiming dynamics in government policy communications: evidence from leadership tweets in four OECD countries during the 2020–2022 COVID-19 pandemic 政府政策沟通中的责任回避和信用索取动态:来自2020-2022年COVID-19大流行期间四个经合组织国家领导人推文的证据

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad029

Ching Leong, Michael Howlett, Mehrdad Safaei

{"title":"Blame avoidance and credit-claiming dynamics in government policy communications: evidence from leadership tweets in four OECD countries during the 2020–2022 COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Ching Leong, Michael Howlett, Mehrdad Safaei","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad029","url":null,"abstract":"Government information activities are often thought to be motivated by a classic calculus of blame minimization and credit maximization. However, the precise interactions of “blame” and “credit” communication activities in government are not well understood, and questions abound about how they are deployed in practice. This paper uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) machine-learning sentiment analysis of a unique dataset composed of several thousand tweets of high-level political leaders in four OECD countries—namely the Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, and Canada—during 2020–2022 to examine the relationships existing between “blame” and “credit” communication strategies and their relation to the changing severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, both in an objective and subjective sense. In general, the study suggests that during this high-impact, long-lasting, and waxing and waning crisis, political leaders acted in accordance with theoretical expectations when it came to communicating credit seeking messages during the periods when the COVID situation was thought to be improving, but they did not exclusively rely upon communicating blame or scapegoating when the situation was considered to be deteriorating. The consequences of this finding for blame and credit-based theories of government communication are then discussed.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"115 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138455784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is there a behavioral revolution in policy design? A new agenda and inventory of the behavioral toolbox 在政策设计中是否存在一场行为革命?一个新的议程和行为工具箱的清单

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad028

Anders Esmark

{"title":"Is there a behavioral revolution in policy design? A new agenda and inventory of the behavioral toolbox","authors":"Anders Esmark","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article argues for a revised research on behavioral public policy focused on the core claim and sine qua non of a behavioral “revolution”: the ability to produce equal or better outcomes with less stringent policy designs than in traditional solutions, at least for certain types of problems. Three contributions to such an agenda are proposed. First, the article argues that the growing focus on the evaluation of real-world behavioral policy programs, as opposed to experimental studies within specialized areas of research, calls for a corresponding theoretical orientation toward existing literature on policy tools and design. Second, a doctrine of policy design is extrapolated from the broader behavioral paradigm and specified in relation to four general areas of application. These provide an essential context for the evaluation of the behavioral claim to improved policy design and highlight that behavioral successes may well, contra this claim, be a result of a de facto increase in stringency vis-à-vis traditional responses. Third, the article proposes a new and substantially revised inventory of the behavioral toolbox, which specifies the stringency, mechanisms, and potential costs of different behavioral tools and techniques, which is both essential to the evaluation of the behavioral claim and necessary to overcome the arbitrariness and mistakes of existing inventories.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of policy design in policy continuation and ratcheting-up of policy ambition 政策设计在政策延续和政策野心提升中的作用

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad027

Sebastian Sewerin, Lukas P Fesenfeld, Tobias S Schmidt

{"title":"The role of policy design in policy continuation and ratcheting-up of policy ambition","authors":"Sebastian Sewerin, Lukas P Fesenfeld, Tobias S Schmidt","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Effectively addressing grand societal challenges like climate change and environmental degradation requires policy intervention that is not only continuous but also increasing in ambition over time. However, negative feedback could lead to policies being weakened or even discontinued after a while. An important but unresolved policy question, therefore, is whether policies can be deliberately designed to survive (i.e., to “stick”) and, ideally, be replaced with more ambitious ones over time (i.e., to “ratchet up”). We bridge policy feedback and policy design scholarship to derive hypotheses on the effects of two policy design features—“intensity” (i.e., a measure of policies’ overall design) and “specificity” (i.e., a measure of policies’ targeted focus)—on policy (dis-)continuation and ratcheting-up (-down) of ambition. Focusing on policy design, we contribute to the theorization and empirical understanding of endogenous factors behind policy change. We test our hypotheses with an event history dataset of 627 low-carbon energy policies in eight developed countries. Conducting a multilevel survival analysis, we find statistically significant evidence of more intense policies being replaced with less intense ones, i.e., more intense policies lead to ratcheting-down of ambition. We also find that more specific policies are more likely to be replaced with more intense policies, i.e., more specific policies lead to ratcheting-up of ambition. Based on these novel insights, we discuss how policy design can navigate these complex dynamics. In this sense, our approach also contributes to the discussion about the “forward-looking” potential of the policy sciences.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“State captured” policy advice? Think tanks as expert advisors in the Western Balkans “国家占领”的政策建议?作为西巴尔干地区专家顾问的智库

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad021

Irena Djordjevic, Diane Stone

引用次数: 0

Knowledge–practice gap in healthcare payments: the role of policy capacity 医疗保健支付中的知识与实践差距:政策能力的作用

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad019

Azad Singh Bali, M Ramesh

{"title":"Knowledge–practice gap in healthcare payments: the role of policy capacity","authors":"Azad Singh Bali, M Ramesh","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fee-for-service remains a popular mode of paying for healthcare despite widespread knowledge of its ill effects. This has resulted in a gap between policy knowledge (understood as consensus among experts) and policy practice (actual policy measures to implement the consensus) in healthcare. The existing literature attributes such gaps to a range of factors, including the stakeholders’ different interests, incentives, ideas, and values. Our focus on this debate is through the lens of policy capacity, specifically the ability of public actors to utilize policy knowledge and inform policy practice. We show that the observed knowledge–practice gap is rooted in the complexity of healthcare payment reforms. While actors agree on the problematic condition, there is a deep disagreement on what to do about it. Agreeing on and adopting alternate payment arrangements are challenging because reformers need to anticipate and respond to the future while accommodating the interests of the current providers who benefit from the status quo. In such instances, the capacity of public actors to devise reforms and overcome resistance to them is critical. We argue that the knowledge–practice gap in healthcare payments exists because of deficiencies in the analytical abilities of governments to devise workable alternate arrangements and shortcomings in their political capacity to overcome the resistance to proposed reforms. Put differently, we argue that no amount of evidence or consensus among stakeholders is sufficient when the analytical and political capacities to act on the evidence are lacking. The arguments are illustrated with reference to payment reforms in South Korea and Thailand.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136265485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expert knowledge for global pandemic policy: a chorus of evidence or a clutter of global commissions? 全球流行病政策的专家知识:证据齐声还是全球委员会的混乱?

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad022

Diane Stone, A. Schmider

引用次数: 1

Spreading expertise: think tanks as digital advocators in the social media era 传播专业知识:智库作为社交媒体时代的数字倡导者

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad025

Jing Zhao, Xufeng Zhu

{"title":"Spreading expertise: think tanks as digital advocators in the social media era","authors":"Jing Zhao, Xufeng Zhu","doi":"10.1093/polsoc/puad025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puad025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Think tanks and their roles in rendering expertise in policy advice have been the subject of historical and ongoing research in policy sciences. However, the widening trend of digital behaviors of think tanks in the social media era is yet to be investigated. While social media is reshaping the political ecology and challenging conventional sources of knowledge, it also serves as a potential channel for think tanks to publicly share their expertise and policy advice with the public and decision-makers, thus evolving into “digital advocators.” Based on social media big data methods, this paper has constructed two sets of new think tank indicators with “network centrality” of social media accounts and “ripple effect” of social media citations from Facebook and Twitter to capture and observe the digital activities of 207 prominent think tanks in 62 countries or regions. We have concluded that think tanks have displayed their opinion and values and increased visibility as digital advocators by spreading expertise on social media platforms with online marketing skills. With various values and ideas, social media not only is hosting massive policy advocacy activities and being an expertise spreading arena for think tanks but has also been changing the ecology of the think tank industry and expertise markets.","PeriodicalId":47383,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Society","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Dealing with the challenges of legitimacy, values, and politics in policy advice 应对政策建议中合法性、价值观和政治方面的挑战

1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad026

Giliberto Capano, Michael Howlett, Leslie A Pal, M Ramesh

引用次数: 0

Expert legitimacy and competing legitimation in Italian school reforms 意大利学校改革中的专家合法性与竞争合法性

IF 9.3 1区社会学

Policy and Society Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1093/polsoc/puad024

Maria Tullia Galanti

引用次数: 0