Neuroradiology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Neuroimaging spectrum of immune-mediated central nervous system disorders in children following SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case series.","authors":"Olgay Bildik, Gunce Basarir, Nargiz Aliyeva, Fatma Ceren Sarioglu, Pinar Gencpinar, Nihal Olgac Dundar","doi":"10.1177/19714009261450393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19714009261450393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been associated with neurological complications beyond respiratory involvement. Although children usually experience mild systemic disease, immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) disorders have emerged as an important cause of morbidity. Neuroimaging plays a central role in detecting these complications and supporting diagnostic decisions. This study aims to describe neuroimaging patterns in children who developed immune-mediated CNS disorders following SARS-CoV-2 infection.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients aged 0-18 years with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection followed at a tertiary pediatric neurology center. Among post-COVID admissions, four patients with severe neurological involvement and characteristic neuroimaging abnormalities were identified. Clinical features, laboratory findings, cerebrospinal fluid analyses, electroencephalography results, and multimodal neuroimaging studies were evaluated.ResultsFour previously healthy male children developed immune-mediated neurological disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, including febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, central nervous system vasculitis, and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Brain MRI demonstrated disorder-specific patterns such as cortical diffusion restriction, multifocal demyelinating lesions, inflammatory vasculitic changes, and progressive parenchymal injury. In one patient, serial imaging showed progression from acute inflammation to chronic structural damage. All patients received immunomodulatory therapy, with variable neurological outcomes.ConclusionSARS-CoV-2 infection may trigger immune-mediated CNS disorders in children with distinct neuroimaging features. Recognition of these patterns is essential for early diagnosis, treatment guidance, and prognostic assessment. Neuroimaging also provides insight into the evolution of post-COVID-19 neuroinflammatory injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"19714009261450393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric and density relationships of calcification clusters in carotid atherosclerosis.","authors":"Juul Bierens, Roberta Scicolone, Valentina Nardi, John Benson, Antonella Balestrieri, Antonio Incollu, Jasjit S Suri, Jae Song, Giuseppe Lanzino, Marianne Eline Kooi, Luca Saba","doi":"10.1177/19714009261450380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19714009261450380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCarotid artery calcification represents a common feature of atherosclerotic plaques. However, the geometric relationships of calcific clusters have not been systematically investigated. This study aimed to develop a geometry-based atlas, independent of symptom status, characterizing the three-dimensional properties of calcium clusters within carotid plaques and quantifying population-level distributions and data-driven couplings between size, shape, and density.MethodsStandardized three-dimensional calcium masks of clinical CT scans were analyzed using connected-component labeling. Extracted features included cluster volume, aspect ratio, eccentricity, compactness, and CT attenuation values (mean μ, standard deviation σ). Associations between cluster features were assessed using Spearman correlations with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction. Independent associations were determined using partial Spearman correlation and restricted cubic spline regression.ResultsAmong 107 plaques, 149 distinct clusters were identified, most frequently presenting as a single elongated cluster (aspect ratio = 2.23). Independent associations (all <i>p</i> < 0.001) were identified for: eccentricity with μ (ρ = -0.39), volume with μ (ρ = 0.47), compactness with μ (ρ = 0.39), and volume with eccentricity (ρ = 0.82). Multi-cluster plaques exhibited smaller mean cluster volume (76.1 vs 359.5 mm³; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and lower eccentricity (0.5 vs 1.6; <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with single-cluster plaques.ConclusionCarotid calcification most frequently manifests as a single elongated cluster, with robust couplings between cluster size, shape, and density. These geometric archetypes provide a quantifiable framework for future biomechanical and biological studies of plaque vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"19714009261450380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De novo cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistula following multilevel blood and fibrin patching for spontaneous intracranial hypotension.","authors":"Bikei Ryu, Timo Krings, Neil V Patel, Jonathan Pace, Emanuele Orru","doi":"10.1177/19714009261445614","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009261445614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treated cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CVFs) can recur in up to 15% of cases, and they rarely occur at locations remote from the original lesion; the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We report the case of a male sexagenarian with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), diffuse spinal nerve root diverticula, and no CVF identified on baseline lateral decubitus CT myelography (CTM). He underwent high-volume epidural and targeted transforaminal blood and fibrin patching with substantial but incomplete symptom relief, followed by transient rebound intracranial hypertension (RIH). Repeat CTM after symptom recurrence demonstrated a new right T5 CVF arising from a remodeled diverticulum and draining into the azygos system. The fistula was successfully treated with transvenous embolization, resulting in sustained clinical and radiological resolution. This case illustrates that in patients with multilevel diverticula, possibly representing connective tissue weakness, post-treatment pressure shifts (including RIH and other causes of episodic cerebrospinal fluid hypertension) may promote the formation or unmasking of CVFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"19714009261445614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of middle cerebral artery atherosclerotic stenosis using 7T high-resolution MRI and time-of-flight MRA: A comparative analysis with DSA.","authors":"Danyang Fan, Jiafei Chen, Fei Chen, Fengwei Ye, Simin Xia, Runyu Jing, Min Wu, Meng Zuo, Zhenhua Zhou","doi":"10.1177/19714009261438428","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009261438428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIschemic stroke, often caused by intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), is a leading cause of disability and death globally. 7T MRI offers improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast, enhancing MRA image quality. This study assessed the accuracy of 7T high-resolution (HR) MRI and time-of-flight MRA (TOF-MRA) in measuring middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis compared to digital subtraction angiography (DSA).MethodsIn this prospective observational study, patients, diagnosed with MCA atherosclerotic stenosis, underwent 7T HR-MRI, TOF-MRA and DSA. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the linear correlation between HR-MRI, TOF-MRA, and DSA measurements of MCA stenosis. Agreement for stenosis classification data was evaluated using weighted kappa values. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to predict severe stenosis and occlusion of MCA in HR-MRI and TOF-MRA.ResultsThis study included 86 lesions from 81 patients with MCA atherosclerotic stenosis. The stenosis degree measurements between 7T HR-MRI and DSA indicated a very strong correlation (r = 0.8000; <i>p</i> < .0001). The correlation between 7T TOF-MRA and DSA assessments was high (r = 0.7188; <i>p</i> < .001). A robust correlation between 7T HR-MRI and TOF-MRA evaluations was shown (r = 0.839; <i>p</i> < .0001). 7T TOF-MRA (K = 0.673) demonstrated substantial agreement with DSA measurements, showing slight superiority over HR-MRI (K = 0.589). ROC analysis indicated both 7T HR-MRI and TOF-MRA effectively predicted severe MCA stenosis and occlusion (HR-MRI, AUC: 0.888; TOF-MRA, AUC: 0.878).Conclusions7T HR-MRI and TOF-MRA may emerge as comparable modalities for assessing MCA atherosclerotic stenosis, and HR-MRI allows for precise evaluation through direct visualization of the vessel lumen and plaque.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"19714009261438428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13065631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular or microsurgical? Defining the best approach for blood blister aneurysms: A comparative meta-analysis.","authors":"Filipi Fim Andreão, Helvécio Neves Feitosa Filho, Emanuel Abrantes Barros, José Gabriel Abreu Moreira, Matheus Hemais, Ary Rodrigues Neto, Luiz Guilherme Silva Almeida, Niels Pacheco-Barrios, Thayne Alexsandra Carneiro, Vitor Salviato Nespoli, Fausto Braga, Cesar Augusto Alves Ferreira Filho, Elias Tanus, José Alberto Almeida Filho","doi":"10.1177/19714009251346467","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009251346467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionBlood blister-like aneurysms (BBLAs) are rare, typically found in the anteromedial supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery, and are related to high morbidity and mortality rates. Although microsurgery has been traditionally used to manage BBLAs, the Endovascular treatment (EVT) is gaining importance. We aim to compare these two methods using a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases following PRISMA guidelines was conducted. We pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model, and I² to assess heterogeneity. Eligible studies compared microsurgery and EVT for BBLAs. Outcome measures included Good and Poor clinical outcomes by Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Epilepsy, Infection, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Vasospasm, Ischemic Events, Mortality, Operative Rupture, Rebleeding, Recurrence, and Retreatment.ResultsFifteen studies with 770 patients were included (401 microsurgery; 369 EVT). EVT appeared to be protective against Poor Clinical Outcomes (mRS >2), with an OR of 0.43 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.87), and Ischemic Events, having an OR of 0.33 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.61). Microsurgery was related to higher Mortality, with an OR of 2.72 (95% CI 1.46 to 5.06), and Operative Rupture, with 7.72 (95% CI 3.50 to 17.07). EVT also statistically favored the Good Clinical Outcomes analysis, with an OR of 3.13 (95% CI 1.40 to 6.98). Epilepsy, Infection, Intracranial Hemorrhage, and Vasospasm occurrence showed no significant statistical difference.ConclusionDespite microsurgery being traditionally used in BBLAs management, EVT has been shown to be a safer and lower-morbidity option.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"137-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of AI in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: A comprehensive meta-analysis.","authors":"Neeraj Gul, Yumna Fatima, Hamid Saeed Shaikh, Maham Raheel, Arslan Ali, S Umar Hasan","doi":"10.1177/19714009251373062","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009251373062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke poses a significant health challenge, with ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes requiring timely and accurate diagnosis for effective management. Traditional imaging techniques like CT have limitations, particularly in early ischemic stroke detection. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) offer potential improvements in stroke diagnosis by enhancing imaging interpretation. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of AI systems compared to human experts in detecting ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. The review was conducted following PRISMA-DTA guidelines. Studies included stroke patients evaluated in emergency settings using AI-Based models on CT or MRI imaging, with human radiologists as the reference standard. Databases searched were MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Central, up to January 1, 2024. The primary outcome measured was diagnostic accuracy, including sensitivity, specificity, and AUROC and the methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. The pooled analysis for ischemic stroke revealed a mean sensitivity of 86.9% (95% CI: 69.9%-95%) and specificity of 88.6% (95% CI: 77.8%-94.5%). For hemorrhagic stroke, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 90.6% (95% CI: 86.2%-93.6%) and 93.9% (95% CI: 87.6%-97.2%), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratios indicated strong diagnostic efficacy, particularly for hemorrhagic stroke (DOR: 148.8, 95% CI: 79.9-277.2). AI-Based systems exhibit high diagnostic accuracy for both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, closely approaching that of human radiologists. These findings underscore the potential of AI to improve diagnostic precision and expedite clinical decision-making in acute stroke settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical classification of septum pellucidum variations and analysis of the co-occurrence of the variations with psychiatric disorders.","authors":"Bilge Kuru, Istemihan Coban, Fulya Yaprak, Osman Hasan Tahsin Kilic, Orkun Sarioglu, Berna Dirim Mete","doi":"10.1177/19714009251351290","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009251351290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought to categorize anatomical variations of the septum pellucidum (SP), cavum vergae (CV), and cavum veli interpositi (CVI), as well as to examine potential correlations between these variations and psychiatric disorders. A total of 2949 patients were retrospectively analyzed utilizing brain MRIs. Variations were categorized into nine types according to the coexistence of CSP and CVI in either mild or moderate manifestations. The prevalence of CSP, CV, and CVI in the study population was 7.9%, 1.4%, and 9.0%, respectively, with an overall occurrence of variation at 13.8%. A chi-square test indicated a significant correlation between moderate CSP with mild CVI (Type VIII) and a reduced prevalence of psychiatric disorders (<i>p</i> = .007), implying a possible protective effect. Nevertheless, the majority of SP variations exhibited no statistically significant correlation with psychiatric diagnoses, including schizophrenia, OCD, or bipolar disorder. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant interaction between gender and SP variations in predicting psychiatric disorders, with females exhibiting a higher overall prevalence. The interaction term was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < .001), suggesting that variations in SP and gender collectively affect the probability of psychiatric disorders. The findings offer valuable insights; however, limitations including the retrospective design, small subgroup sizes, and absence of genetic data necessitate caution in result interpretation. This study enhances comprehension of SP variations and their possible involvement in psychiatric disorders, emphasizing the necessity for additional research to clarify the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and clinical ramifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"216-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with post-dural puncture headache: A single-center retrospective review.","authors":"Rahim Ismail, Denes Szekeres, Alex Schick, Muhammad I Jalal, Tim Hoang, Aman Preet Singh, Nate French, Logan Worley, Casey Paton, Mark Manganaro, Derrek Schartz, Derek George, Alexander Kessler","doi":"10.1177/19714009251345109","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009251345109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePost-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is potential complication after procedures with dural puncture. This study analyzes how patient and procedural factors are related to the development of PDPH.MethodsDemographic and procedural data were extracted from the electronic medical record in patients undergoing a dural puncture procedure from 1/1/2020 to 12/31/2020. Procedural variables were extracted from procedure reports including spinal level, number of punctures, any reported complications, needle type, and gauge. Fisher-exact test, with a subgroup analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze the association of variables with the development of a PDPH.ResultsA total of 1237 procedures with 1005 patients were identified. The mean age was 56.9 ± 16.4 years, mean BMI was 31.0 ± 7.8 kg/m², and 534 (53.1%) identified as female. Seventy-four (7.3%) patients developed a PDPH with mean onset of 1.9 ± 1.9 days post-procedure. The likelihood of PDPH was significantly positively associated with both patient characteristics such as female sex (OR = 2.657, 95%CI [1.529,4.617], <i>p</i> < .001), BMI above 25 kg/m² (OR = 2.609, 95%CI [1.177,5.786], <i>p</i> = .015), and history of chronic tension headaches (OR = 2.943, 95%CI [1.688,5.130], <i>p</i> < .0003), as well as procedural characteristics such as decreasing gauge (OR = 1.124, 95%CI [1.111,1.136], <i>p</i> < .0001), higher opening pressure (mean difference = -6.288 ± 2.119. <i>p</i> = .005).ConclusionsThis retrospective study of fluoroscopy-guided dural puncture procedures shows that the incidence of PDPH is associated with several patient and procedural characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"231-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of a giant developmental venous anomaly and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: A case report and magnetic resonance perfusion study.","authors":"Louis Deprez, Emilie Lommers","doi":"10.1177/19714009251356989","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009251356989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe the first reported association between acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and giant developmental venous anomaly (DVA) in the context of myelin oligodendrocyte associated glycoprotein (MOG) associated disorder (MOGAD). Patient was a young woman presenting with headache, bradypsychia and tetrapyramidal syndrome. Imaging showed disseminated tumefactive inflammatory lesions in the brain and spinal cord, with a massive right frontal lobe lesion centred around a giant DVA. Demyelinating inflammatory lesions are known to occur in a perivenular pattern, and the association between some inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and DVA has already been described. Developmental venous anomalies are variant of the normal venous drainage of the brain, responsible of a local alteration of the venular network, and micro-perfusion anomalies as well as possible increased of blood-brain barrier permeability. As such, they might be responsible for a favourable environment for pathogenic auto-antibodies penetrance in such region, potentializing the inflammatory lesion size. Perfusion imaging showed a significant increase in regional blood volume and blood transit time in the DVA and the surrounding brain tissue, which regressed in the follow-up imaging studies after the acute stage. This case illustrates the potential role of DVA in the setting of demyelinating diseases, and its consequences on the local micro-perfusion of the brain, evolving between the acute and chronic phase of the illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"261-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging and clinical course of metastatic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET): A single center case series.","authors":"Samir A Dagher, Sahar Alizada, Heba Al Qudah, Steven G Waguespack, Komal B Shah, Rami W Eldaya","doi":"10.1177/19714009251356278","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19714009251356278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeMetastatic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) are exceedingly rare tumors that are typically diagnosed at the time of metastasis. Given the rarity of metastatic PitNET tumors, the pattern of metastasis and imaging appearance of CNS and extra neural metastasis is under reported and poorly understood.MethodsIn this retrospective case series, we present 14 consecutive patients with pathology-confirmed metastatic PitNET tumors. We assess imaging features of primary pituitary disease at the time of diagnosis, temporal evolution of local disease, and distant metastasis on multimodality imaging. We also explore potential association of initial pathology diagnosis and time to metastasis and survival.ResultsAt the time of metastasis, nine patients had evidence of disease in the sella and three additional had evidence of disease in the cavernous sinus. The most common site of metastatic disease was the CNS (78.6%). Dural deposits were the most common brain CNS metastatic disease manifestation (81.8%). Eight patients (57.1%) demonstrated multiple metastatic disease sites, with five of them (62.5%) showing both CNS and extra CNS metastases. Osseous metastatic disease was the most common extra CNS disease site (75.0%). Median time to metastasis did not significantly differ between patients with adenoma and those with more aggressive pathologies at initial diagnosis (<i>p</i> value = .39). Similarly, median overall survival from metastasis detection was not significantly affected by pathology (<i>p</i> value = .84).ConclusionMetastatic PitNET is a rare neuroendocrine neoplasm. In the present case series, we detail temporal imaging findings of the disease at the primary site and patterns of metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47358,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}