Indian Journal of Urology最新文献

{"title":"Human papillomavirus infection causing refractory lower urinary tract symptoms in a young female.","authors":"Vagan Barsegian,&nbsp;Inga Kosova","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_398_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_398_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a rare case of refractory lower urinary tract symptoms in a young woman caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Concurrently, vulvar and vaginal warts were present, particularly near the external urethral meatus. Biopsy of the whitish plaque in the trigone of the bladder demonstrated signs of HPV infection and bladder leukoplakia; polymerase chain reaction analysis of this tissue was positive for HPV16. Systemic and local treatments for HPV infection were prescribed. All symptoms resolved. Follow-up examination revealed negative HPV DNA in the bladder tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"242-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/6b/IJU-39-242.PMC10419769.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10350986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EphrinB2: Expression of a novel potential target in renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chhavi Gupta,&nbsp;Akash Pramod Sali,&nbsp;Alexandra Jackovich,&nbsp;Binyun Ma,&nbsp;Sarmad Sadeghi,&nbsp;David Quinn,&nbsp;Parkash Gill,&nbsp;Inderbir Gill","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_92_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_92_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is primarily managed by surgery with the use of systemic targeted therapy in a metastatic setting. Newer targeted therapeutic options are evolving; Eph-ephrin is a potential new pathway. The therapeutic potential of targeting the EphB4-EphrinB2 pathway has been demonstrated in many solid tumors; however, its expression in RCC has only been evaluated in a few studies with limited cases. We herein determine the immunohistochemical expression of EphrinB2 in RCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A tissue microarray comprising 110 cases of different histological subtypes of RCC and 10 normal kidney tissues were stained with monoclonal anti-EphrinB2 antibody (Abcam, AB201512). The tumor and endothelial cells expressing the EphrinB2 were examined and its expression was correlated with sex, histological subtypes, and tumor nodes metastasis (TNM) stage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty cases of urothelial carcinoma and two unsatisfactory conventional clear cell RCC cases were excluded, and EphrinB2 expression was interpreted in the remaining 88 tumors. EphrinB2 was expressed in 42 out of 88 tumors (47.7%) and was negative in the normal renal parenchyma. There was a statistically significant difference in the expression of EphrinB2 in males (55%) and females (32%). However, no such difference of expression was noted for the histological subtypes and the stages. Half (51%) of Stage 1 (<i>n</i> = 30) and Stage 2 (<i>n</i> = 11) tumors showed EphrinB2 positivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EphrinB2 is expressed in approximately half of RCC cases. EphrinB2 expression in the early stage cancer might indicate its induction as an early event.</p>","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"223-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/4b/IJU-39-223.PMC10419785.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10051763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Kumar A, Yadav S, Krishnappa RS, Gautam G, Raghavan N, Bakshi G, <i>et al</i>. The Urological Society of India guidelines for the evaluation and management of prostate cancer (executive summary). Indian J Urol 2022;38:252-7.","authors":"Shyam Singh Bisht, Deepak Gupta, Susovan Banerjee, Tejinder Kataria","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_103_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_103_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"249-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/88/75/IJU-39-249.PMC10419779.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of modified RENAL nephrometry score in the prediction of perioperative outcomes of open partial nephrectomy.","authors":"K Annappa Kamath,&nbsp;Vasudevan S Pothy,&nbsp;Himanshu Pandey","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_66_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_66_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>RENAL nephrometry score (RNS) is a standardized system to grade the complexity of renal masses, but it does not correlate well with the perioperative outcomes of open partial nephrectomy (OPN). To overcome these shortcomings, a modified RNS (MRNS) has been proposed. In this study, we evaluated the MRNS and its role in predicting the perioperative outcomes of OPN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study performed at a tertiary care hospital to evaluate the efficacy of MRNS in predicting the perioperative outcomes of OPN. Sixty-four cases were included in the study. Demographic parameters, tumor characteristics, and perioperative outcomes were analyzed. Correlation with the post-operative outcomes and the strengths of MRNS were compared with various other nephrometry scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 52.89 years, 60.9% were male and 53.1% had a right-sided mass. The comorbidities, body mass index, and performance scores were evenly distributed across the complexity groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The mean tumor size was 4.13 cm and the mean MRNS and RNS were 9.45 and 6.1, respectively. 60.9% of the cases had no complications. Major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade [CDG] 3+) were noted in five cases (7.8%). The trifecta of neargin, ischemia, and complications (MICs) score was achieved in 85.9% and was achieved in 71.9% of the cases. MRNS was found to be an independent predictor of the trifecta outcomes (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Receiver-operating characteristic curve of MRNS analyzing the major complications as per the CDG showed an area under the curve of. 804, indicating good prediction of complications by the MRNS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MRNS improves the predicting power of RNS by attributing enhanced scores to key elements and by adding new elements. Also, MRNS has good ability to predict the achievement of the trifecta and MIC.</p>","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"202-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cb/2d/IJU-39-202.PMC10419784.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Comment.","authors":"Apul Goel","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_210_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_210_23","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that chronic exposure to environmental carcinogens is a risk factor for bladder tumor development.[1] While the study is interesting, the authors have not addressed certain practical issues. Minerals, such as chromium, selenium, and zinc are present in many popular supplements and are sold over the counter.[2] Even manganese supplements are available. Consumption of these dietary supplements in the form of pills, sold over the counter, is common even in India.[3] However, a study from Taiwan noticed higher urinary levels of zinc and selenium in bladder cancer cases than in controls.[4] Similarly, some people drink water from copper utensils.[5] However, a Chinese study evaluating 81 patients showed that the urinary calcium, zinc, and serum copper levels in patients to be significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of the control group.[6] It is evident that the issue needs to be resolved as it has practical implications.","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/65/dd/IJU-39-241.PMC10419777.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Wirjopranoto S. Comparison between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as predictors of mortality on Fournier's gangrene cases. Indian J Urol 2023;39:121-5.","authors":"Kirti Singh,&nbsp;Swarnendu Mandal,&nbsp;Manoj K Das","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_140_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_140_23","url":null,"abstract":"In the result section of the abstract, it is mentioned that “men were 103 patients.” This seems to be incorrect as there were 112 (82.96%) men. In abstract 23 non-survivors while in table-1 30 non-survivors i.e different value is quoted for same entity. In the results, it is mentioned that the “neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) score was lower in the nonsurvivor group,” but actually, it is higher in the nonsurvivor group in contrast to the survivor group, 16.5 ± 24 versus 15.5 ± 10 (P = 0.05). Finally, in the discussion, it is stated that “findings of Sorensen et al., who discovered that the prevalence peaks at the age of 50,” but this is not actually mentioned in the study by Sorensen et al.[2] We would also like to highlight a few points for consideration to add more value to the study. The cutoff values of the NLR and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio have not been established based on level 1 evidence. Based on STROBE guidelines, if these things are added to the present study, it will be more valuable to the study: the title of the study should include the study’s design, the authors should mention the setting and location of the study in the methodology, potential confounders and effect modifiers should be enumerated, authors should list efforts made to address potential sources of bias and limitations of the study, taking into account sources of potential bias or imprecision, should be enumerated.","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"254-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1a/59/IJU-39-254.PMC10419775.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author reply Re:Kumar A, Yadav S, Krishnappa RS, Gautam G, Raghavan N, Bakshi G, <i>et al</i>. The Urological Society of India guidelines for the evaluation and management of prostate cancer (executive summary). Indian J Urol 2022;38:252-257.","authors":"Gagan Saini,&nbsp;Anup Kumar,&nbsp;Siddharth Yadav","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_185_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_185_23","url":null,"abstract":"The point about the dose of radiation therapy, whether conventional or hypofractionated regimens, is well put. Radiation therapy doses are a discussion unto themselves due to the very nuanced approach that is optimized by the radiation oncologist in terms of the technology available in their department, its functioning in terms of protocols for immobilization/target delineation and planning. For example, a lack of access to image-guided radiation therapy can lead to uncertainty in the execution of some well made plans. The same uncertainty plays even more when hypofractionated regimens are used. Thus, the committee has not kept the discussion of radiation doses and techniques within its defined scope.","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"251-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/e9/IJU-39-251.PMC10419776.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10044820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oligometastatic carcinoma prostate - An overview of the last decade.","authors":"Milap J Shah,&nbsp;Aditya Prakash Sharma,&nbsp;B M Zeeshan Hameed,&nbsp;Ravi Jain,&nbsp;Abhijit Patil,&nbsp;Naganathan Karthickeyan,&nbsp;Abhishek Singh","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_60_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_60_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) has gained profound interest lately due to its different tumor biology and our ability to use multimodality therapy for cure or prolonged survival. Selecting the appropriate patient for treatment has become the aim of treating urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Through this review, we try to highlight the management of OMPC in light of recent literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search was performed on Pubmed, Scopus and Embase using keywords \"Oligometastatic\", \" Prostate Cancer\" using operators such as \"And\" & \"Or\". Relevant articles were screened and all the latest articles on this emerging entity were included in this review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All trials relevant to oligometastatic prostate cancer defining the role of surgery, radiotherapy and systemic therapy were included and appropriate inferences were drawn. Relevant studies were compiled in tabular form for this article.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current standard of care of management for OMPC remains systemic therapy on the lines of hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. The evolving role of surgery, and radiotherapy along with systemic therapy is highlighted in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/a2/IJU-39-195.PMC10419768.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10051764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of heavy metals and trace elements in carcinoma urinary bladder: A case-controlled study.","authors":"Sridhar Panaiyadiyan,&nbsp;Javed Ahsan Quadri,&nbsp;Brusabhanu Nayak,&nbsp;Surabhi Pandit,&nbsp;Prabhjot Singh,&nbsp;Ankit Sachan,&nbsp;Seema Kaushal,&nbsp;Saba Sarwar,&nbsp;Amlesh Seth,&nbsp;Ahmadullah Shariff","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_143_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/iju.iju_143_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Abnormal levels of heavy metals (HM) and trace elements (TE) affect body metabolism and can induce carcinogenesis. This study aims to evaluate the role of HM and TE in carcinoma urinary bladder (CAUB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with biopsy-proven CAUB (<i>n</i> = 100) were taken as the study group, while age-and sex-matched healthy volunteers were taken as control (<i>n</i> = 100). Blood and urine samples were compared for Arsenic (As), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Selenium (Se), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), and Mercury (Hg) levels. Serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were assessed to know the redox status between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly higher blood level of As, Mn, and Pb was observed in CAUB cases as compared to controls. Blood Se level was significantly lower in CAUB patients. On comparing urinary levels, CAUB patients had a higher As, Mn, and Pb levels compared to controls. Further, 68% and 59% of patients had their blood and urinary HM and TE levels above the permitted level, respectively. CAUB cases also had a lower GSH-Px (113.5 ± 44.7 vs. 163.9 ± 120.5, <i>P</i> = 0.0002), lower SOD levels (11.35 ± 5.6 vs. 13.75 ± 3.9, <i>P</i> = 0.008), and a higher LPO levels (15.5 ± 14.7 vs. 11.18 ± 11.2, <i>P</i> = 0.02) in the serum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significantly higher concentration of As, Mn, and Pb was noted in the blood and urine of CAUB patients compared to controls. CAUB cases also had lower serum GSH-Px and SOD levels with a concomitant increased serum LPO assay suggesting underlying oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"236-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/93/9a/IJU-39-236.PMC10419772.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10051765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Wirjopranoto S. Comparison Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio As Predictors of Mortality on Fournier Gangrene Cases. IndianJ Urol 2023;39:121-5.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/0970-1591.379995","DOIUrl":"10.4103/0970-1591.379995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 121 in vol. 39, PMID: 37304980.].</p>","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 3","pages":"256-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/72/IJU-39-256.PMC10419778.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}