Health Risk & Society最新文献_第5页

Beyond ‘the choice to drink’ in a UK guideline on FASD: the precautionary principle, pregnancy surveillance, and the managed woman 在英国FASD指南中，除了“饮酒的选择”之外:预防原则、妊娠监测和管理女性

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1998389

Ellie Lee, J. Bristow, Rachel Arkell, C. Murphy

{"title":"Beyond ‘the choice to drink’ in a UK guideline on FASD: the precautionary principle, pregnancy surveillance, and the managed woman","authors":"Ellie Lee, J. Bristow, Rachel Arkell, C. Murphy","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1998389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1998389","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries, official guidance promotes alcohol abstinence to women during, and also before, pregnancy, on the basis of concern about Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). Guidance has moved away from reference to a ‘choice to drink’, claiming absence of evidence about safety of even ‘low level’ drinking as a justification. Scholarship drawing on sociologies of risk and uncertainty has drawn attention to problems with precautionary thinking in this area of policy making, including for women’s autonomy. We build on these insights to assess a more recent type of UK guidance. This is directed not to women advising them to abstain, but instead it is about women, and tasks health professionals with managing the risk pregnant women’s behaviour is deemed to present. Using qualitative discourse analysis, we assess one such example, developed in Scotland, called SIGN 156. We contextualise SIGN 156 first through discussion of the relevant literature, making particular use of Ruhl’s considerations of the meaning of risk and the social conditioning of choice, and second through an account of developments in UK Government advice in recent years. We show that SIGN 156 builds on a policy context where a precautionary approach is explicit, but we furthermore detail how this approach innovates the guidance and practice field. SIGN 156 expands the meaning of risk and uncertainty and so justifies ‘routine’ monitoring and screening, generating the case for an expanded form of surveillance of pregnant women. We conclude with a critical commentary on the implications of this case for analyses of risk and uncertainty, and power.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"17 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72810088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

People’s understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic: social representations of SARS-CoV-2 virus in Italy 人们对COVID-19大流行的理解:意大利SARS-CoV-2病毒的社会表征

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1972089

G. Prati, Iana Tzankova, I. Barbieri, Antonella Guarino, Christian Compare, Cinzia Albanesi, E. Cicognani

{"title":"People’s understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic: social representations of SARS-CoV-2 virus in Italy","authors":"G. Prati, Iana Tzankova, I. Barbieri, Antonella Guarino, Christian Compare, Cinzia Albanesi, E. Cicognani","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1972089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1972089","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the social representations of SARS-CoV-2 virus in Italy. We used the technique of free word association involving 1572 adults living in Italy. An open coding procedure and content analysis lead to the identification of 13 key topics representing the categorisation of concepts that emerged from the elicited words. The most common categories were spread of the virus, negative feelings, life during quarantine, and health consequences of the virus. Multidimensional scaling of co-occurrences of categories revealed these categories were grouped into four thematic areas. In addition, we found that the frequency of the categories of words was associated with gender, age, well-being, and mental health symptoms. By revealing complex and differentiated social representations, results from the present study provide a comprehensive insight on Italian people’s perception of COVID-19 outbreak in the Spring of 2020. This early study of social representations forms a useful basis for later studies, in order to understand how collective understandings and framings of risk have evolved across the duration of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"134 1","pages":"304 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74484920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Managing risk, managing affects: The emerging biopolitics of HIV neutrality 管理风险，管理影响:艾滋病毒中立的新兴生物政治

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1972088

J. Rangel, R. Crath

{"title":"Managing risk, managing affects: The emerging biopolitics of HIV neutrality","authors":"J. Rangel, R. Crath","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1972088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1972088","url":null,"abstract":"Discourses of HIV status neutrality have emerged in the wake of advances in biomedical technologies for HIV prevention and treatment of HIV. The combined effects of Treatment as Prevention (TasP) and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) give rise to the possibility of dramatically curbing new HIV infections and nurture fantasies about an HIV-free/risk-free futurity. In this article, we consider the possibilities of HIV neutrality as a social-material assemblage entangling different institutional investments and practices, discourses about HIV risk and prevention, historical memories, political rationalities, and as a generative point of contact between and across different actors, institutions and objects. We explore the different logics and sentiments that are being drawn together in three different sites where HIV neutrality is configured. Borrowing from cultural and social science approaches that grapple with emotions and feelings as ‘distributed phenomena’ that carry political and social significance, we interrogate the work of HIV neutrality in effecting new tensions in the affective economies underpinning gay sexual socialities’ relation to HIV/AIDS and HIV risk. Our analysis suggests that as these new social-material strategies emerge to manage HIV risk, they entangle historically sedimented effects of HIV/AIDS. We ask to what extent these assemblages are productive of new intimacies and alliances, and possibly renewed entrenchments of bio-social boundaries cutting across gay male socialities in North America.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"251 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78819801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A qualitative study of key stakeholders’ perceived risks and benefits of psychiatric electroceutical interventions 精神病学电刺激干预的主要利益相关者感知风险和收益的定性研究

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1979194

L. Cabrera, G. Nowak, A. McCright, E. Achtyes, R. Bluhm

{"title":"A qualitative study of key stakeholders’ perceived risks and benefits of psychiatric electroceutical interventions","authors":"L. Cabrera, G. Nowak, A. McCright, E. Achtyes, R. Bluhm","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1979194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1979194","url":null,"abstract":"Amid a renewed interest in alternatives to psychotherapy and medication to treat depression, there is limited data as to how different stakeholders perceive of the risks and benefits of psychiatric electroceutical interventions (PEIs), including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). To address this gap, we conducted 48 semi-structured interviews, including 16 psychiatrists, 16 persons diagnosed with depression, and 16 members of the general public. To provide a basis of comparison, we asked participants to also compare each modality to front-line therapies for depression and to neurosurgical procedures used for non-psychiatric conditions. Across all stakeholder groups, perceived memory loss was the most frequently mentioned potential risk with ECT. The most discussed benefits across all stakeholder groups were efficacy and quick response. Psychiatrists most often referenced effectiveness when discussing ECT, while patients and the public did so when discussing DBS. Taken as a whole, these data highlight stakeholders’ contrasting perspectives on the risks and benefits of electroceuticals.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"217 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73051783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Better than antibiotics. Public understandings of risk, human health and the use of synthetically obtained livestock vaccines in five European countries 比抗生素好。5个欧洲国家公众对风险、人类健康和使用合成获得的牲畜疫苗的了解

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1948507

Kia Ditlevsen, Cecilie Glerup, P. Sandøe, J. Lassen

{"title":"Better than antibiotics. Public understandings of risk, human health and the use of synthetically obtained livestock vaccines in five European countries","authors":"Kia Ditlevsen, Cecilie Glerup, P. Sandøe, J. Lassen","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1948507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1948507","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing upon data collected within 20 focus groups with consumers from five European countries, in this article we investigate how perceptions of human health risk and current anxieties regarding agricultural food production affect citizens’ acceptance of the use of an emerging biotechnology, synthetic biology, in the development of vaccines for animals bred for food production. In focus group discussions in Austria, the UK, Poland and Denmark, participants tended to value the positive potential of synthetic vaccines if they could solve existing problems. Participants argued that the technology could be beneficial for animal welfare and was a potential solution to the problem of risks to human health posed by the use of antibiotics on livestock. The perceived drawbacks of antibiotic use affected the discussions towards acceptance of synthetic biology and the use of vaccines in meat production despite concerns over the potential risks. The participants from Spain stood out in that their acceptance of the synthetic vaccine appeared to be disconnected from concerns about risks related to the use of antibiotics. Participants from all countries found the vaccine to have potential uses, but also expressed concerns about health risks for consumers. In general consumers were perceived as those bearing the heaviest burden of risk, while pharmaceutical companies were perceived as likely to benefit most from production of the vaccine. We found that institutional trust and national contexts of (dis)engagement with science influenced the participants’ understandings of the degree to which the synthetic livestock vaccine had a fair risk-benefit balance.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"67 1","pages":"196 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90614206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“I can go teach for 30 minutes, and then I can tell” – The risk work of teachers in Danish secondary schools “我可以去教30分钟，然后我就能告诉你”——丹麦中学教师的风险工作

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1948976

Mathilde Cecchini

引用次数: 0

Life ‘on high alert’: how do people with a family history of motor neurone disease make sense of genetic risk? insights from an online forum 生活“高度警惕”:有运动神经元疾病家族史的人如何理解遗传风险?来自在线论坛的见解

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1946488

Jade Howard, Fadhila Mazanderani, L. Locock

{"title":"Life ‘on high alert’: how do people with a family history of motor neurone disease make sense of genetic risk? insights from an online forum","authors":"Jade Howard, Fadhila Mazanderani, L. Locock","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1946488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1946488","url":null,"abstract":"It is estimated that up to ten per cent of people with motor neurone disease (MND) have an inherited form of the disease. Families with a history of inherited MND may face specific issues around managing the condition in relatives and adapting to life knowing that they too could develop the disease, which we refer to as living ‘at risk’. This qualitative study is based on a thematic analysis of posts from 37 threads shared on the MND Association Forum between 2010 and 2019. Through this analysis we explore how forum users make sense of, and negotiate, genetic risk in this online space. We unpack how risk is constructed through a tracing and reframing of family history in relation to MND; we draw out the different ways uncertainty is expressed by people living with the threat of the disease; and we outline how future decisions around genetic testing and reproductive choices play out on the forum. Genetic risk was articulated temporally, with posters reflecting on past, present and expected future experiences across posts. This was crosscut by profound uncertainty. How people understood and expressed experiences of living ‘at risk’ – and the responses they received from others – were grounded in different forms of experiential knowledge, intertwined with biomedical and genetic information. We propose the MND Association forum as an interactional site where uncertainties are negotiated and risk is made sense of by individuals with a family history of MND, alongside those affected by ‘sporadic’ forms of the disease.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"443 1","pages":"179 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82885844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Factors in intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine change over time: Evidence from a two-wave U.S. study 意向接种COVID-19疫苗的因素随着时间的推移而改变:来自美国两波研究的证据

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2023.2173727

B. Johnson

{"title":"Factors in intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine change over time: Evidence from a two-wave U.S. study","authors":"B. Johnson","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2023.2173727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2023.2173727","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Public responses to the risks of both a novel emerging pandemic and of getting vaccinated against that disease affect both population health and wider societal relations, as illustrated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify factors – including demographics, beliefs and attitudes about COVID-19 and its vaccines, trust of authorities – associated with vaccination intentions, as prior pandemic studies did not converge on explanations, and potential factors from risk analysis remained untested. It also tested whether and how such associations changed over time, as previous cross-sectional studies could not assess whether prior intentions entirely determined later intentions. A nationally representative sample of Americans was surveyed in late October 2020 (n = 1028), before vaccines became available in the U.S., and in February 2021 (n = 803), when 11% of U.S. residents had been vaccinated. The survey instrument asked about vaccination intentions and hypothesised factors in both waves. Perceived vaccine attributes (efficacy, riskiness, affect, dread), seasonal flu vaccination experience, and trust in authorities and belief in conspiracy theories were the strongest factors overall, particularly in Wave 2 (with Wave 1 intentions as a control); demographics were stronger factors when COVID-19 vaccines were still hypothetical. The strongest factors in vaccination intention concerned vaccine experience and vaccine beliefs and attitudes potentially influenced by education, and by trust and belief in conspiracy theories, likely more resistant to change. Further use of this novel longitudinal design, which revealed moderate differences in intention-predictive factors over time, is warranted in future research on vaccine hesitancy.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"151 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88588581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

What is Risk? Four Approaches to the Embodiment of Health Risk in Public Health 什么是风险?公共卫生中健康风险体现的四种途径

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1929864

Debra Kriger

{"title":"What is Risk? Four Approaches to the Embodiment of Health Risk in Public Health","authors":"Debra Kriger","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1929864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1929864","url":null,"abstract":"Risk is a quotidian concept in public health, but there is little research on how ‘health risk’ is corporally experienced. In this article we apply sociological theories to analyse how a sample of 13 individuals made sense of embodied health risk. The data were collected through the adults sculpting, life-lining, and participating in interviews in Toronto, Canada in Autumn 2016. Through these activities we explored how participants related their embodied futures to their presents and pasts. Four approaches to how ‘health risk’ connects the body through time emerged from our analysis, focusing particularly on the interview data: the shit happens approach, the sequelae approach, the risk as heuristic approach, and the knowledge approach. These approaches elucidate how individuals make uncertain embodied futures stable through the different interpretations of the concept of risk. Our account of these four approaches builds on recent health risk research by providing individual, embodied accounts of risk that show how understandings of health risk connect individuals to broader systems. The four approaches have implications for considering pathways to achieving health justice, developing public health ethics, and understanding the role embodied risk plays in individual experiences of unequal health structures.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"40 1","pages":"143 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78965892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Factors associated with the belief in COVID-19 related conspiracy theories in Pakistan 巴基斯坦与COVID-19相关的阴谋论信仰相关的因素

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2021-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1929865

W. Ejaz, M. Ittefaq, Hyunjin Seo, F. Naz

{"title":"Factors associated with the belief in COVID-19 related conspiracy theories in Pakistan","authors":"W. Ejaz, M. Ittefaq, Hyunjin Seo, F. Naz","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2021.1929865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2021.1929865","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic signifies not only a global health crisis but has also proven to be an infodemic characterised by many conspiracy theories. Prior research informs us that belief in health-related conspiracies can harm efforts to curtail the spread of a virus. Therefore, as the global efforts of mass inoculation are underway, it is crucial to understand which factors shape tendencies to believe in conspiracy theories. In the current study, we explore how Pakistani adults’ perceived risk of COVID-19, sense of national identity, and trust in traditional and social media sources, are associated with their belief in conspiracy theories related to the pandemic. The data for this study come from an online survey of 501 adults ages 18–49 conducted in April and May 2020 in Pakistan. Our results show that a perception of risk makes it less likely for the participants to believe in conspiracy theories even when taking into account key demographic factors. Furthermore, trust in social media has a positive association with belief in conspiracy theories, whereas trust in traditional media and people’s sense of national identity are not associated with conspiracy beliefs. This study offers important scholarly and policy implications for navigating major global health issues, in Pakistan and other similarly situated countries.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"18 1","pages":"162 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82505187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14