Health Risk & Society最新文献_第2页

Stronger than partisanship and motivated reasoning: news exposure and news frames predicting US state-level preventive behaviours against COVID-19 比党派关系和动机推理更强大:新闻曝光和新闻框架预测美国各州针对COVID-19的预防行为

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2147903

Zhan Xu

{"title":"Stronger than partisanship and motivated reasoning: news exposure and news frames predicting US state-level preventive behaviours against COVID-19","authors":"Zhan Xu","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2147903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2147903","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has become a partisan issue rather than an independent public health issue in the US. This study examined the behavioural consequences of motivated reasoning and framing by investigating the impacts of COVID-19 news exposure and news frames, as apparent through a Latent Dirichlet topic modelling analysis of local news coverage, on state-level preventive behaviours as understood through a nationally representative survey. Findings suggested that the media effects on various preventive behaviours differed. The overall exposure rate to all COVID-19 news articles increased mask-wearing but did not significantly impact other preventive behaviours. Four news frames significantly increased avoiding contact or avoiding public or crowded places. However, news articles discussing anxiety and stay at home order triggered resistance and countereffects and led to risky behaviours. ‘Solid Republican’ state residents were less likely to avoid contact, avoid public or crowded places, and wear masks. However, partisan leanings did not interfere with the impact of differing local COVID-19 news frames on reported preventive behaviours. Plus, statements regarding pre-existing trust in Trump did not correlate with reported preventive behaviour. Attention to effect sizes revealed that news exposure and news frames could have a bigger impact on health behaviours than motivated reasoning.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"129 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81943539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Making Sense of Risk: Social Work at the Boundary between Care and Control 理解风险:社会工作在关怀与控制之间的边界

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2147904

Ravit Alfandari, B. Taylor, M. Baginsky, Jim Campbell, Duncan Helm, Campbell Killick, P. Mccafferty, J. Mullineux, J. Shears, Alessandro Sicora, A. Whittaker

{"title":"Making Sense of Risk: Social Work at the Boundary between Care and Control","authors":"Ravit Alfandari, B. Taylor, M. Baginsky, Jim Campbell, Duncan Helm, Campbell Killick, P. Mccafferty, J. Mullineux, J. Shears, Alessandro Sicora, A. Whittaker","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2147904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2147904","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ‘Risk’ has become a central concept for social work practice in countries with more developed social welfare systems. As argued by Hazel Kemshall and colleagues, ‘risk’ has often replaced ‘need’ as the main driver for social work interventions as societies seek to avoid harm to citizens. This shift of focus raises a tension between care (support for the individual or family in their own right) and control (seeking to prevent harm to themselves, each other or other citizens). This article considers some of the key developments in the 25 years since the above article, including the development of risk communication; the growing familiarity with both likelihood and severity concepts of risk; the assessment of risk as part of organisational arrangements to manage risk; and theoretical developments linking social work assessment, ‘working with risk’ and decision-making. In the first part of the article, we explore the care versus control boundary through focussing, in turn, on child and family social work, adult care services, mental health social work and criminal justice social work, and their respective developments. We then further extend two key foci regarding assessment and care planning as well as the use of professional knowledge at the care and control boundary. Our analysis of these developments points towards more nuanced approaches to managing risk and making decisions at these sometimes contentious boundaries.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"75 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91081745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Managing risk: social workers’ intervention strategies in cases of domestic abuse against people with learning disabilities 管理风险:社会工作者在学习障碍人士遭受家庭虐待个案中的干预策略

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2143169

M. Robb, M. McCarthy

引用次数: 2

Perceptions of alcohol health harm among midlife men in England: a qualitative interview study 英国中年男性对酒精健康危害的认知:一项定性访谈研究

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-11-04 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2138833

J. Larsen, S. Christmas, Amanda Souter

{"title":"Perceptions of alcohol health harm among midlife men in England: a qualitative interview study","authors":"J. Larsen, S. Christmas, Amanda Souter","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2138833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2138833","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years attention has been directed at harmful levels of alcohol consumption among middle-aged and older people. In England, midlife men are over-represented in the social patterning of risk of alcohol harm. Insights into midlife men’s understandings of alcohol harm are limited, and research suggests poor effectiveness of existing alcohol education messaging and guidance. A better understanding of the ‘lay epidemiology’ of alcohol health harm can inform and thus enhance the effectiveness of public health and alcohol education measures. In-depth individual interviews were undertaken with 42 men aged 45–60 drinking over 240 grams (30 UK units) of alcohol per week. The men’s perceptions reflected three dimensions of how alcohol health harm: 1) is experienced and perceived, 2) is understood to work and 3) is best managed and communicated. The harmful bodily effects from alcohol were recognised in ‘problem drinkers’ and as acute effects. The men understood the effect of alcohol as a poison linked to excessive consumption or when consumption was continuous. Alcohol health harms were understood in relation to wider lifestyle behaviours and the men requested that public health advice should give them choices, and not simply tell them what to do. The men had a limited understanding of how alcohol affected their bodies and, drawing on the medical anthropological concept of ‘explanatory models’, it is suggested that providing clear and accessible explanations of how specific alcohol-related health harms occur may help people to make informed choices of moderation and improve the effectiveness of public health messages.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"136 1","pages":"216 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86409665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Italian doctors’ understandings of work-related health and safety risks among women migrant home care workers 意大利医生对移徙妇女家庭护理工作者与工作有关的健康和安全风险的了解

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2142202

F. Vianello, Carol Wolkowitz

{"title":"Italian doctors’ understandings of work-related health and safety risks among women migrant home care workers","authors":"F. Vianello, Carol Wolkowitz","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2142202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2142202","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents an exploratory study of how the social construction of risk, including stereotypes of migrant home care workers, as well as the character of official workplace health and safety regulation, may influence the ways in which occupational health risks are identified and managed by doctors. We focus our analysis upon migrant home care workers (HCWs) in Italy, who are exposed to multiple risks of developing physical and mental health problems. We begin by considering the reasons for the relative invisibility of HCWs’ health and safety risks, including wider constructions of women’s work as well as the ways these workers are treated by mainstream health and safety regulation. While Italian law requires employers to deploy occupational health doctors to monitor workers’ health and safety, work in domestic premises is excluded, so a HCW seeking certification of a workplace injury or illness would most likely approach her general practitioner (GP). However, little is known about GPs’ and other doctors’ awareness of the occupational origins of their patients’ illnesses and injuries. Our analysis starts to answer these questions through qualitative interviews with 16 doctors (mainly GPs) in Veneto regarding their understandings of migrant women’s health risks conducted between 2019 and 2020.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"31 1","pages":"93 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88433115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hospital transfers from care homes: conceptualising staff decision-making as a form of risk work 从护理院转移到医院:将员工决策概念化为一种风险工作

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2133094

Fawn Harrad-Hyde, Chris Williams, N. Armstrong

{"title":"Hospital transfers from care homes: conceptualising staff decision-making as a form of risk work","authors":"Fawn Harrad-Hyde, Chris Williams, N. Armstrong","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2133094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2133094","url":null,"abstract":"When making decisions about whether to transfer residents to hospital, care home staff consider the possible benefits and risks of different courses of action. However, to date, an in-depth and theoretically informed engagement with these decision-making processes and their associated behaviours has been lacking. We conducted an ethnographic study of care home staff’s decision-making about resident hospital transfers in England between May 2018 and November 2019. We combined staff interviews at six care home sites, with 30 members of staff, with 113 hours of ethnographic observation at three care homes sites. ‘Risk’ and risk management emerged as important overarching themes. In this article we conceptualise staff decision-making about potential hospital transfers for residents as a form of risk work. In doing so, we identify the different forms of risk knowledge that staff used to conceptualise risk and explore the ways staff navigated tensions between different forms of risk knowledge. We highlight the ways individual understandings of risk were influenced by social interactions with others, both at an interpersonal and organisational level, before identifying strategies that staff use to manage risk. By understanding transfer decisions explicitly in terms of the different forms of risk that care home staff manage, our analysis provides new insights into hospital transfers from care homes and contributes to the wider literature around risk work, demonstrating the utility of this concept in researching organisations that fall under the umbrella of social care, which have been previously neglected in academic research.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"82 1","pages":"317 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83962558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘It’s not disrespect – it’s putting you at risk’: when right meets risk in the field of cycling research & policy “这不是不尊重——这是把你置于危险之中”:在自行车研究和政策领域，当正确遇到风险时

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2138278

R. Egan, M. Philbin

{"title":"‘It’s not disrespect – it’s putting you at risk’: when right meets risk in the field of cycling research & policy","authors":"R. Egan, M. Philbin","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2138278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2138278","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the field of cycling studies, explicit and implicit theories of risk are frequently used for the purposes of research design, data collection, data analysis, and policy. In this article, we argue that this field may benefit from theories and concepts that speak to – but go beyond – theories of risk, and more directly focus on matters of right and recognition. Drawing on grounded theory research involving interviews with 28 cyclists in Dublin, Ireland, we analyse the ‘risk talk’ from five participant accounts through an application of the rights-orientated perspective of precarious entitlement theory. We argue for its utility as a theory, specifically as a complementary alternative to risk-focused approaches. First, we illustrate how precarious entitlement goes beyond the conceptual limits of understanding cycling experience from perspectives of ‘risk’ and ‘safety’, by consolidating a concern with ‘right’ and ‘risk’. Second, we illustrate how interpreting particular cycling practices as patterns of submission and social struggle (privatising vulnerability and provoking responsibility) can transcend individualised interpretations of such practices as ‘risk management’ and ‘risk-taking’. In the discussion, we consider the value of this theory in relation to existing research in this field, with reference to socio-cultural risk theory. In conclusion, we argue for a more transparently rights-based approach to cycle policy in light of the dominance of a specific variety of risk discourse that arguably obscures a consideration of rights to use public space and what a realisation of such rights might require from both the public and the state.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"21 1","pages":"199 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83899035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Emotional risk work during the pandemic: Healthcare professionals’ perceptions from a COVID-19 ward 大流行期间的情绪风险工作:医疗保健专业人员对COVID-19病房的看法

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2137107

T. Larsen, Nina Halberg, P. S. Jensen, K. Christensen

{"title":"Emotional risk work during the pandemic: Healthcare professionals’ perceptions from a COVID-19 ward","authors":"T. Larsen, Nina Halberg, P. S. Jensen, K. Christensen","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2137107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2137107","url":null,"abstract":"In March 2020, COVID-19 wards were established in hospitals in Denmark. Healthcare professionals from a variety of specialities and wards were transferred to these new wards to care for patients admitted with severe COVID-19 infections. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in a COVID-19 ward at a hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark, including focus group interviews with nursing staff, we intended to explore practices in a COVID-19 ward by seeking insight into the relation between the work carried out and the professionals’ ways of talking about it. We used a performative approach of studying how the institutional ways of handling pandemic risk work comes into being and relates to the health professionals’ emerging responses. The empirical analysis pointed at emotional responses by the nursing staff providing COVID-19 care as central. To explore these emotional responses we draw on the work of Mary Douglas and Deborah Lupton’s concept of the ‘emotion-risk-assemblage’. Our analysis provides insight into how emotions are contextually produced and linked to institutional risk understandings. We show that work in the COVID-19 ward was based on an institutional order that was disrupted during the pandemic, producing significant emotions of insecurity. Although these emotions are structurally produced, they are simultaneously internalised as feelings of incompetence and shame.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"9 1","pages":"110 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87356422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visuals’ function in health risk reporting: juxtaposing the academic conceptualisations with journalistic perceptions 视觉在健康风险报告中的作用:将学术概念与新闻观念并列

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2133899

Viorela Dan, D. Dimitrova

{"title":"Visuals’ function in health risk reporting: juxtaposing the academic conceptualisations with journalistic perceptions","authors":"Viorela Dan, D. Dimitrova","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2133899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2133899","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Given the scholarly neglect of visuals in health risk reporting, it remains unclear what types of visuals predominate in news coverage and why journalists choose to use them. Generating knowledge on this neglected part of journalistic work should facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of health risk reporting and its impact on society. In 2020 we conducted two studies with this goal in mind: a content analysis of visuals in the coverage of a recent E. coli outbreak in Germany (N = 200) and a survey of German health journalists (N = 49). Study 1 showed that visuals were mostly used to illustrate the presumed causes of the outbreak and recommended treatments. Study 2 presented visuals epitomising each of the frame functions identified in Study 1 to health reporters and asked for their views. Our findings revealed that journalists preferred images that involve health severity, medical aspects, and reassurance, but said that they disliked thematic and uncertainty frames. They reported using multiple visuals to fulfil several framing functions. Finally, Study 2 exposed important differences between journalists’ perceptions of visuals’ functions and the way scholars typically conceive them. Taken together, these studies suggest that health risk reporting may be better than its reputation, and that incorporating visuals into assessments of journalistic quality may challenge the typical criticism in a way impossible when merely evaluating the verbal component of news.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"86 1","pages":"354 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84360530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking the knowledge-attitudes model and introducing belief in human evolution: examining antecedents of public acceptability of human gene editing 重新思考知识态度模型并引入人类进化的信念:检查公众对人类基因编辑的可接受性的前提

IF 2.1 4区医学

Health Risk & Society Pub Date : 2022-09-19 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2022.2123903

Afonso Anfan Chen, Xing Zhang

{"title":"Rethinking the knowledge-attitudes model and introducing belief in human evolution: examining antecedents of public acceptability of human gene editing","authors":"Afonso Anfan Chen, Xing Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13698575.2022.2123903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2022.2123903","url":null,"abstract":"In the science communication literature, we can easily notice the persistence of the knowledge-attitudes model (or the deficit model) that attributes the lack of public support to a lack of scientific knowledge. However, there has also been a continuing debate over the roles of scientific knowledge in explaining public attitudes towards specific controversial science and technologies. Using the data from an American nationwide survey, this study examined the variety of antecedents of the public acceptance of human gene editing (HGE), including scientific knowledge, attitudes towards science, risk-benefit perceptions of HGE, and belief in human evolution. Our findings illuminate how scientific knowledge indirectly influenced the public acceptance of HGE through a variety of mediating variables (such as attitudes towards science, risk perceptions of HGE, and benefit perceptions of HGE), though it did not directly influence this acceptance. The findings also reveal some moderating effects of belief in human evolution on the relationships among the above variables, serving as a ‘perceptual filter’ in the case of HGE. These findings revisit and extend the persistent but simplified knowledge-attitudes model and provide new insights into the complicated process of public attitude formation about such controversial technologies as HGE.","PeriodicalId":47341,"journal":{"name":"Health Risk & Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"297 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81621613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2