Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie最新文献

{"title":"[Learning Evidence-Based Practice - Multi-Perspective Competence Development using the Example of Generalised Anxiety Disorder].","authors":"Christoph Flückiger, Thomas Munder, Jan Schürmann-Vengels","doi":"10.1055/a-2382-7598","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2382-7598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within the framework of the evidence-based practice model of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2006), psychotherapeutic core competences are mostly formulated transdiagnostically and transtheoretically, but do not exclude the systematic consideration of symptom-specific aspects. This article provides an exemplary case study of a person suffering from a generalized anxiety disorder to illustrate how evidence-based practice can be implemented. Multi-perspective competence development can be stimulated in training through the following therapeutic areas: (1) through broad assessment and psychodiagnostics, (2) through joint development of an individual explanatory model, (3) through inclusion of symptom-specific models, (4) through broad consideration of stringent interventions, (5) through application of various treatment modalities, (6) through patient-centred treatment implementation. The article concludes with a list of study examples of how psychotherapeutic competence development can be researched within the framework of the evidence-based practice model.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"511-517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Competence-Orientated and Transtheoretical? Ideas and Barriers for Psychotherapeutic Training].","authors":"Pia von Blanckenburg, Marcel Wilhelm, Winfried Rief","doi":"10.1055/a-2419-9721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2419-9721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The education and training of psychotherapists is usually based on a procedure-specific theoretical orientation. However, this can have disadvantages as it hinders the utilisation of the possibilities and experiences offered by the overall field of psychotherapy. It could therefore be useful to combine different theoretical approaches and to orientate psychotherapeutic education and training in a transtheoretical and cross-procedural way.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The article describes the extent to which competence-orientated psychotherapeutic training can provide a framework for interdisciplinary exchange within psychotherapy. It presents a practical example of a university-based training programme in basic psychotherapeutic skills that integrates different theoretical approaches. Transtheoretical training first requires an overarching model for case conceptualisation and a transtheoretical definition of intervention goals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment methods should be classified according to their transtheoretical goals in order to better compare and combine them. Dynamic network models offer a perspective for modern transtheoretical case formulations. We present a competence-oriented approach for psychotherapeutic training in a university context and give an outlook on the barriers of competence-oriented training.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A competence-orientated approach in the education and training of prospective psychotherapists will help to bridge the gap between different psychotherapeutic traditions. It should be seen as a complement to existing methods, not as competition. Overall, however, there are still some barriers to overcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":"74 12","pages":"482-490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Learning from Mistakes? - A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Acquisition of Knowledge about Clinical Communication Skills Using Positive vs. Mixed Therapy Models].","authors":"Ulrike Maaß, Lydia Fehm, Franziska Kühne, Heide Wenzel, Florian Weck","doi":"10.1055/a-2359-7916","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2359-7916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compares two types of therapeutic model videos: an ideal model and a model that shows mistakes. The idea is that the conscious perception of mistakes is more likely to help build a comprehensive understanding of clinical communication skills than an ideal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of n1=111 psychology students and n2=57 people from the general population were randomly assigned to one of two training conditions as part of an online study. While one group watched a short but competent conversation of a behavioral therapist in their training with a positive model video, the other group watched a mixed model video in their training that showed a therapist with mediocre competence. In both training videos, the positive or negative behavior was marked with written explanations. Before and after the training, the participants rated the competencies of a therapist in another interview situation using standardized scales. These competence ratings were compared with those of two clinical experts and thus provided an indicator of the participants' conceptual knowledge of competent interviewing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A series of ANCOVA models showed that the group that saw the mixed model video deviated significantly less from the experts after training than the group that saw the positive model video (ηp2=0.03-0.10). However, the group that watched the positive (vs. mixed) model video deviated more strongly from the expert judgments on two of three competence scales after the training than before (<i>d</i>Pre-Post=0.78-0.82).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Overall, the hypothesis that mixed models are advantageous was confirmed. The unexpected results in the group with the positive model video could be explained by the fact that they set an unrealistically high anchor to which the later behavior is compared.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mixed models may offer some advantage over positive models in imparting knowledge about professional communication, especially when the model videos contain behaviorally relevant explanations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"474-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Measuring and training of therapeutic competencies].","authors":"Antje Gumz","doi":"10.1055/a-2407-1694","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2407-1694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article provides an overview of our research concepts on therapeutic competencies with regard to three main questions. The first research question deals with therapists' competencies to succesfully handle transference and countertransference in the cotext of Alliance Ruptures. Research on the Alliance-Focused Training and on subjective countertransference is presented. The second research question deals with therapists' general interpersonal skills. The research approaches outlined here concern the construct of Facilitative Interpersonal Skills (FIS) and the measurement of these skills using the FIS-task. In further studies on this topic, we are focusing on the question of which therapist characteristics are associated with higher interpersonal skills and which linguistic and phonetic features characterise therapist responses that are rated as interpersonally competent. Another study concerns the tendency of therapists to overestimate their interpersonal skills (self-assessment bias). The third main research question deals with the competence to apply therapeutic techniques and to create helpful change processes. An instrument to assess verbal techniques (Psychodynamic Intervention List) and research approaches focusing on the description and the assessment of mediators of change are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"491-497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE)].","authors":"Laura Lübke, Diana Krogmann, Carsten Spitzer","doi":"10.1055/a-2366-9995","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2366-9995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Empathy as a central element of social cognition plays a decisive role in various psychosocial areas and interpersonal dynamics, especially within the context of psychotherapy. Despite the controversy surrounding a standardized definition, empathy is generally regarded as a multidimensional concept that encompasses both cognitive and affective dimensions. This differentiation between cognitive and affective facets is addressed by a widely used and internationally well-established self-report measure of empathy, the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE). This study focuses on evaluating the psychometric properties of the German version of the QCAE. In a convenience sample (N=1300), the postulated confirmatory five-factor model showed an adequate fit to the underlying structure. The subscales of the QCAE exhibited satisfactory internal consistency and convergent validity with other instruments measuring empathy. Despite certain methodological limitations, our findings suggest that the German version of the QCAE is suitable as a reliable and valid instrument for measuring empathy. Further studies in population-representative samples and clinical populations are required before a clear recommendation regarding its utilization can be provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"454-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142093957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Gender-Specific Effects using the Example of Health Services Research - To what Extent are Analyses of Dichotomous Gender Still up to Date?]","authors":"Christoph Flückiger","doi":"10.1055/a-2417-5543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2417-5543","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":"74 11","pages":"421-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Young Adult Cancer Patients (AYA): Preferences for Outpatient Psychosocial Care and Gender-Specific Differences - Results from the AYA-LE study].","authors":"Charlyn Görres, Katja Leuteritz, Annekathrin Sender, Kristina Geue","doi":"10.1055/a-2390-1690","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2390-1690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective of the study: </strong>To investigate the importance of individual topics in outpatient care services and the preferences for their design from the perspective of young adults with cancer (AYA=\"adolescents and young adults\") in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 514 AYAs aged 18-39 years were surveyed twice over a 12-month period (t1=immediately after acute treatment, t2=12 months post-treatment) regarding the importance and satisfaction with topics such as anxiety, the impact of the illness on partnerships/family and social environment, future perspectives, personal coping strategies, sexuality, and desire for children/fertility, as well as the types of care services. The subjective importance and satisfaction with the care topics and services were analyzed using variance and moderator analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most important topics for care services were future career prospects (M=3.22, SD=1.56), social impact (M=3.19, SD=1.54), and personal coping strategies (M=3.52, SD=1.46). The greatest dissatisfaction was noted in the areas of sexuality (M=2.01, SD=1.59) and desire for children/fertility (M=2.08, SD=1.72). At time t2, relaxation techniques (M=3.46, SD=1.36) and psychological counseling (M=3.43, SD=1.46) were the most desired care services. Female AYAs rated psychological counseling (F[1.199)=9.21, p=0.003), social counseling (F[1.221]=6.60, p=0.011), creative therapy options (F[1.219]=21.74, p<0.001), support groups (F[1.215]=4.29, p=0.040), patient education (F[1.210]=6.96, p=0.009), and relaxation techniques (F[1.194]=23.68, p<0.001) significantly more important than male AYAs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlighted several areas of dissatisfaction with the current outpatient care services for AYAs. The results demonstrate the need to incorporate cross-sex and gender-specific care preferences of AYAs to improve outpatient psychosocial care. A specific set of AYA-care services should be designed and implemented to address the aforementioned psychosocial topics, which include sexuality and the desire for children/fertility. It is also crucial for outpatient practice to raise awareness among the involved professional groups. Further research is required to gain a deeper understanding of sex differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"423-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Utilization of Psychosocial Support for Young Adults with Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors].","authors":"Maren Weiss, Anja Hildebrand, Mark Stemmler","doi":"10.1055/a-2398-6074","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2398-6074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study explores the utilization of psychosocial support by young adults facing suicidal ideation or impulses, considering a comprehensive spectrum of psychosocial services. The study sheds light on help utilization and gaps in service use among different groups. The data is derived from the baseline assessment of the research project \"Outcome Evaluation [U25]\". The sample includes 888 young adults who reported suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Among the participants, 55% accessed at least one psychosocial service. Medical/psychotherapy services were the most utilized (54%), followed by professional counseling (34%) and non-professional self-help services (22%). Gender differences were observed, with males using help less frequently than females and individuals with diverse gender identities. Participants in relationships were less likely to seek help than singles. A migrant background showed no consistent impact on service utilization. Psychological distress and suicide literacy were associated with increased service utilization. Regression analysis revealed that gender and relationship status remained predictors of service utilization even when considering mental distress, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and suicide literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"438-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Comorbid Mental Disorders - Is there a Psychotherapeutic Undertreatment? - Results of the DiMPS Study].","authors":"Bonnie Röhrig, Frank Petrak, Alina Bartel, Verena Hagena, Jan Dieris-Hirche, Juris M Meier, Stephan Herpertz","doi":"10.1055/a-2401-5152","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2401-5152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased likelihood of mental disorders, especially depression. Despite a frequently postulated underprovision, the actual need for psychotherapeutic treatment in this patient group has hardly been investigated. The aim of this study is to analyze the care situation of diabetes patients with mental comorbidities in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>240 consecutively treated patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were examined cross-sectionally and longitudinally in a tertiary diabetological center. After a screening and diagnostic examination, 94 patients with comorbid mental disorders were included in the study. Patients then decided on the treatment of their mental disorder according to a standardized shared decision-making process. At the 6-month follow-up, 77 of the 94 patients (81.9%) provided information about the realization of their treatment decision and the obstacles they encountered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>39.2% of patients with diabetes had a mental disorder. Of these, 44.2% were already receiving psychotherapy or medication. After six months, 46.8% were able to implement their treatment decision. Only 7.1% did not receive any treatment despite their efforts. The 6-month follow-up showed a significant reduction in diabetes-related distress (PAID; p<0.05) and an increase in psychological well-being in all subgroups, regardless of treatment initiation (WHO-5; p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Contrary to the widespread notion of a lack of access to psychotherapy for people with diabetes and mental disorders in Germany, this assumption could not be confirmed in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Equating the frequency of mental disorders with the need for psychotherapeutic and/or psychopharmacological treatment without considering the specific treatment needs and preferences of patients may lead to an overestimation of the need for care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"446-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Information and Counseling needs Regarding Parenthood Decisions: Are Existing Services Sufficient and what Role does Depression Play?]","authors":"Olivia Maria Meyer, Johannes C Ehrenthal, Doris Erbe","doi":"10.1055/a-2340-1423","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2340-1423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Support needs in parenting decisions and the associated desire for information and counseling services are insufficiently researched, especially in relation to groups of people with mental health burdens. The aim of this study was to assess information and counseling needs in parenting decisions. In addition, we investigated whether more severe depressive symptomatology is associated with increased needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 187 individuals between the ages of 20 and 44 was surveyed in an online study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Not having enough information on the topic was expressed by 45% of participants, and the desire for information related to multiple topics. A larger offer of professional coun-seling was desired by 65% of the participants, 74% (rather) did not know where to get it. Existing counseling services were used infrequently in relation to needs and with predominantly moderate satisfaction. Greater depressive symptomatology was not associated with increased information or counseling needs.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest an expansion of support services on parenting decisions. Further research into the needs of different groups and barriers to using existing services is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"431-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141601893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}