Applied Petrochemical Research最新文献_第9页

Hydrogenation of levulinic acid with and without external hydrogen over Ni/SBA-15 catalyst Ni/SBA-15催化剂上乙酰丙酸加氢反应的研究

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0203-z

Mohan Varkolu, Hari Babu Bathula, Young-Woong Suh, David Raju Burri, Seetha Rama Rao Kamaraju

{"title":"Hydrogenation of levulinic acid with and without external hydrogen over Ni/SBA-15 catalyst","authors":"Mohan Varkolu, Hari Babu Bathula, Young-Woong Suh, David Raju Burri, Seetha Rama Rao Kamaraju","doi":"10.1007/s13203-018-0203-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-018-0203-z","url":null,"abstract":"A series of Ni/SBA-15 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method for the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone in a fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR, AAS, Pulse chemisorption, SEM-EDAX, TEM, BET Surface area and XPS. The catalyst 30?wt% Ni/SBA-15 exhibited excellent catalytic performance (97% yield) at 250?°C due to the presence of superior number of active surface Ni species. While 30?wt% Ni/SiO2 catalyst showed lower catalytic activity (87% yield) at about similar conversion. The co-feeding of formic acid (FA) and water (impurities) with levulinic acid was also evaluated over 30?wt% Ni/SBA-15 which yielded excellent levulinic acid conversion. The noteworthy results were obtained at a molar ratio of FA/LA?=?5. The constant catalytic activity during 10?h experiment with an external H2 flow has showed the sturdiness of the Ni/SBA-15 catalyst.?On the other hand, a slight decrease in conversion as well as yield during the time-on-stream in the absence of external H2 flow was attributed to the accumulation of carbon species on the catalyst surface.","PeriodicalId":472,"journal":{"name":"Applied Petrochemical Research","volume":"8 3","pages":"153 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.125,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13203-018-0203-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4871818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Maximization of propylene in an industrial FCC unit 工业催化裂化装置丙烯的最大化

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0201-1

Yakubu M. John, Raj Patel, Iqbal M. Mujtaba

引用次数: 8

Catalytic cracking of naphtha: The effect of Fe and Cr impregnated ZSM-5 on olefin selectivity 石脑油催化裂化:Fe和Cr浸渍ZSM-5对烯烃选择性的影响

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0200-2

Ebrahim Mohiuddin, Masikana M. Mdleleni, David Key

{"title":"Catalytic cracking of naphtha: The effect of Fe and Cr impregnated ZSM-5 on olefin selectivity","authors":"Ebrahim Mohiuddin, Masikana M. Mdleleni, David Key","doi":"10.1007/s13203-018-0200-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-018-0200-2","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the modification of ZSM-5 in order to enhance the catalytic cracking of refinery naphtha to produce light olefins. ZSM-5 was metal modified using different loadings (0.5–5?wt%) of Fe and Cr via the impregnation method. The metal modified ZSM-5 samples are compared and the effect of metal loading on the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance is investigated. Fe and Cr modification had an effect on both the physicochemical properties of the catalysts as well as catalytic activity and selectivity. Metal loading caused a decrease in the specific surface area which decreased further with increased metal loading. Fe had a greater effect on the total acidity in particular strong acid sites when compared to Cr. The optimum Fe loading was established which promoted selectivity to olefins, in particular propylene. Fe also had a dominant effect on the P/E ratio of which a remarkable ratio of five was achieved as well as enhanced the stability of the catalyst. Cr was found to be a good promoter for selectivity to BTX products with a two-fold increase observed when compared to Fe-modified catalysts.","PeriodicalId":472,"journal":{"name":"Applied Petrochemical Research","volume":"8 2","pages":"119 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.125,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13203-018-0200-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4180040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Acetalization of glycerol with acetone over various metal-modified SBA-15 catalysts 不同金属改性SBA-15催化剂上甘油与丙酮的缩醛化反应

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-04-24 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0197-6

Sarthani Ammaji, G. Srinivasa Rao, Komandur V. R. Chary

{"title":"Acetalization of glycerol with acetone over various metal-modified SBA-15 catalysts","authors":"Sarthani Ammaji, G. Srinivasa Rao, Komandur V. R. Chary","doi":"10.1007/s13203-018-0197-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-018-0197-6","url":null,"abstract":"Several catalysts containing metals such as Al, Zr, Ti and Nb were incorporated in SBA-15 with Si/M ratio?=?20 using the hydrothermal process. These catalysts were evaluated for their reactivity during acid-catalyzed condensation of glycerol with acetone to yield a mixture of branched compounds, namely (2,2-dimethyl- [1,3] dioxane-4-yl)-methanol (solketal) and 2,2-dimethyl- [1,3] dioxane-5-ol, which are being used as fuel additives. The synthesised catalyst samples were characterized by ICP-AES analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, SEM–EDX, UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, TPD of ammonia and ex situ pyridine-adsorbed FT-IR spectroscopy. The various characterization results confirm that metal oxides were incorporated in the pore wall of the SBA-15 matrices. The results of NH3-TPD and ex situ adsorbed pyridine FT-IR analyses showed that the acidity of the samples increased after incorporation of metal into the pure SBA-15 samples. Among various metals incorporated into the SBA-15, the Nb–SBA-15 (Si/Nb?=?20) showed higher catalytic activity toward the acetalization of glycerol in liquid phase compared to that of other samples investigated. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the Nb–SBA-15 (Si/Nb?=?20) exhibited 95% glycerol conversion with 100% solketal selectivity. The catalyst reusability studies indicated that the Nb–SBA-15 sample is regenerable and highly stable in the acetalization of glycerol.","PeriodicalId":472,"journal":{"name":"Applied Petrochemical Research","volume":"8 2","pages":"107 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.125,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13203-018-0197-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4914381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Preparation of a new, green and recyclable catalyst, silica-supported 1-(2-sulfooxy)ethyl)1H-pyridine-1-ium-chloride, and a solvent- and metal-free protocol for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivatives 二氧化硅负载的1-(2-磺基)乙基)1h -吡啶-1-氯离子催化剂的制备及14-芳基- 14h -二苯并衍生物的无溶剂和无金属合成[a,j]

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0198-5

Sami Sajjadifar, Maryam Pornuroz

引用次数: 3

Autoxidation of aromatics 芳烃的自氧化

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4

Natalia Montoya Sánchez, Arno de Klerk

{"title":"Autoxidation of aromatics","authors":"Natalia Montoya Sánchez, Arno de Klerk","doi":"10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4","url":null,"abstract":"Autoxidation is a conversion pathway that has the potential to add value to multinuclear aromatic-rich coal liquids, heavy oils and bitumens, which are typically considered low-value liquids. In particular, autoxidation of these heavy materials could lead to products that may have petrochemical values, e.g., lubricity improvers and emulsifiers. Proper assessment of an oxidative transformation to ring-open the multinuclear aromatics present in heavy feeds relies on the understanding of the fundamentals of aromatic oxidation. This work reviews the selective oxidation chemistry of atoms that form part of an aromatic ring structure using oxygen (O2) as oxidant, i.e., the oxidation of aromatic carbons as well as heteroatoms contained in an aromatic ring. Examples of industrially relevant oxidations of aromatic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are provided. The requirements to produce oxygenates involving the selective cleavage of the ring C–C bonds, as well as competing non-selective oxidation reactions are discussed. On the other hand, the Clar formalism, i.e., a rule that describes the stability of polycyclic systems, assists the interpretation of the reactivity of multinuclear aromatics towards oxidation. Two aspects are developed. First, since the interaction of oxygen with aromatic hydrocarbons depends on their structure, oxidation chemistries which are fundamentally different are possible, namely, transannular oxygen addition, oxygen addition to a carbon–carbon double bond, or free radical chemistry. Second, hydrogen abstraction is not necessary for the initiation of the oxidation of aromatics compared to that of aliphatics.","PeriodicalId":472,"journal":{"name":"Applied Petrochemical Research","volume":"8 2","pages":"55 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.125,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5093833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Response surface models for synthetic jet fuel properties 合成喷气燃料特性的响应面模型

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-03-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0196-7

R. L. J. Coetzer, T. S. Joubert, C. L. Viljoen, R. J. J. Nel, C. A. Strydom

引用次数: 8

Reaction kinetics of ethane partial oxidation to acetic acid 乙烷部分氧化制乙酸的反应动力学

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0195-8

Sulaiman I. Al-Mayman, Moustafa A. Soliman, Abdulrahman S. Al-Awadi, Yousef S. Al-Zeghayer

引用次数: 6

An experimental investigation on effective parameters of batch impregnation systems: a case study on Pt–Sn/Al2O3 catalyst 间歇浸渍体系有效参数的实验研究——以Pt-Sn /Al2O3催化剂为例

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0194-9

Maryam Takht Ravanchi, Shokoufeh Mehrazma, Saeed Sahebdelfar

{"title":"An experimental investigation on effective parameters of batch impregnation systems: a case study on Pt–Sn/Al2O3 catalyst","authors":"Maryam Takht Ravanchi, Shokoufeh Mehrazma, Saeed Sahebdelfar","doi":"10.1007/s13203-018-0194-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-018-0194-9","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of hexachloroplatinic acid on Sn-impregnated γ-alumina support in the presence of the competitive chloride ion, as a step in preparation of multi-metallic Pt-based catalyst (such as Pt–Sn/Al2O3), was studied. The transient adsorption data were obtained by studying the impregnation of Sn/Al2O3 with H2PtCl6 in an external recycle packed-bed impregnation system. The effect of important parameters such as pH of the impregnating solution, circulation flow rate, and height/diameter ratio of support bed on competitive adsorption was studied. It was observed that upon increasing pH and decreasing circulation rate, the rate of Pt adsorption as well as axial non-uniformity along the bed was increased. On the other hand, a time lag was observed in bulk adsorbate concentration in certain runs which was attributed to deviation from well-mixed contacting pattern being necessary for a uniform catalyst product. This could be minimized by increasing the recycling flow rates and using appropriate amounts of competitive ion concentration.","PeriodicalId":472,"journal":{"name":"Applied Petrochemical Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"21 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.125,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13203-018-0194-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4999427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of SAPO-34 catalysts via sonochemically prepared method and its catalytic performance in methanol conversion to light olefins 声化学法制备SAPO-34催化剂及其在甲醇转化为轻烯烃中的催化性能

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Applied Petrochemical Research Pub Date : 2018-02-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-018-0193-x

Rana Ahmadova, Hikmet Ibragimov, Evgenii Kondratenko, Uwe Rodemerc

{"title":"Synthesis of SAPO-34 catalysts via sonochemically prepared method and its catalytic performance in methanol conversion to light olefins","authors":"Rana Ahmadova, Hikmet Ibragimov, Evgenii Kondratenko, Uwe Rodemerc","doi":"10.1007/s13203-018-0193-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-018-0193-x","url":null,"abstract":"Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) reaction was investigated over sonochemically (SAPO-34-U40, SAPO-34-U70, SAPO-34-U100) and hydrothermally (SAPO-34-HT) prepared nanocatalysts. The catalytic performance of prepared samples was investigated over all samples at 450?°C and over SAPO-34-U40 at 350–450?°C temperature range. The higher yield ~?97?wt% (31.4?wt% C2=, 49.4?wt% C3= and 16.1?wt% sumC4=) of light olefins was obtained at 375?°C on SAPO-34-U40. Physico-chemical properties of catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET, ICP techniques. XRD analysis showed suitable crystalline structure and SEM images confirmed perfect crystallinity of sonochemically prepared samples. BET analysis indicated remarkable surface area of SAPO-34-U40. The amount of carbon deposits and character of coke was determined by TPO analysis. The higher amount of coke was determined over SAPO-34-HT in comparison to another’s at 450?°C. The character of coke deposited over SAPO-34-U40 was similar for 375–425?°C temperatures.","PeriodicalId":472,"journal":{"name":"Applied Petrochemical Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"13 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.125,"publicationDate":"2018-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13203-018-0193-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4568507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6