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New Directions in Reactance Theory 电抗理论的新方向
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000174
Sandra Sittenthaler, E. Jonas, E. Traut-Mattausch, J. Greenberg
{"title":"New Directions in Reactance Theory","authors":"Sandra Sittenthaler, E. Jonas, E. Traut-Mattausch, J. Greenberg","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"56 1","pages":"186-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79129077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ecology of Sustainable Implementation: Reflection on a 10-Year Case History Illustration. 可持续实施的生态学:对一个10年历史案例的反思。
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/a000166
Tormod Rimehaug
{"title":"The Ecology of Sustainable Implementation: Reflection on a 10-Year Case History Illustration.","authors":"Tormod Rimehaug","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary aim of this paper is to illustrate the strategic and ecological nature of implementation. The ultimate aim of implementation is not dissemination but sustainability beyond the implementation effort. A case study is utilized to illustrate these broad and long-term perspectives of sustainable implementation based on qualitative analyses of a 10-year implementation effort. The purveyors aimed to develop selective community prevention services for children in families burdened by parental psychiatric or addictive problems. Services were gradually disseminated to 23 sites serving 40 municipalities by 2013. Up to 2013, only one site terminated services after initial implementation. Although many sites suspended services for shorter periods, services are still offered at 22 sites. This case analysis is based on project reports, user evaluations, practitioner interviews, and service statistics. The paper focuses on the analyses and strategies utilized to cope with quality decay and setbacks as well as progress and success in disseminating and sustaining the services and their quality. Low-cost multilevel strategies to implement services at the community level were organized by a prevention unit in child psychiatry, supervised by a university department (purveyors). The purveyors were also involved in national and international collaboration and development. Multilevel strategies included manualized intervention, in-practice training methods, organizational responsibility, media strategies, service evaluation, staff motivation maintenance, quality assurance, and proposals for new law regulations. These case history aspects will be discussed in relation to the implementation literature, focusing on possible applicability across settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"222 1","pages":"58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4013921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32435775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Antidepressants and the Placebo Effect. 抗抑郁药和安慰剂效应。
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/a000176
Irving Kirsch
{"title":"Antidepressants and the Placebo Effect.","authors":"Irving Kirsch","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antidepressants are supposed to work by fixing a chemical imbalance, specifically, a lack of serotonin in the brain. Indeed, their supposed effectiveness is the primary evidence for the chemical imbalance theory. But analyses of the published data and the unpublished data that were hidden by drug companies reveals that most (if not all) of the benefits are due to the placebo effect. Some antidepressants increase serotonin levels, some decrease it, and some have no effect at all on serotonin. Nevertheless, they all show the same therapeutic benefit. Even the small statistical difference between antidepressants and placebos may be an enhanced placebo effect, due to the fact that most patients and doctors in clinical trials successfully break blind. The serotonin theory is as close as any theory in the history of science to having been proved wrong. Instead of curing depression, popular antidepressants may induce a biological vulnerability making people more likely to become depressed in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"222 3","pages":"128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/2151-2604/a000176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32716298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 129
Exergaming in Youth: Effects on Physical and Cognitive Health. 青少年运动:对身体和认知健康的影响。
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/a000137
John R Best
{"title":"Exergaming in Youth: Effects on Physical and Cognitive Health.","authors":"John R Best","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exergaming (a portmanteau of \"exercise\" and \"gaming\") is a relatively new genre of interactive video gaming that stimulates an active, whole-body gaming experience. Exergaming could have a significant positive impact on youth as across the globe youth are living more sedentary lifestyles. Exergaming has the potential to thwart this trend by engaging youth in physical activity (PA). Exergaming is not only physically-engaging but is also cognitively-engaging, and this combination of physical and cognitive engagement may translate into improved cognitive function in youth. The purpose of this review article is to examine the state-of-the-art in exergaming research to address whether exergames are a viable tool to promote PA in youth and benefit cognitive functioning among youth. The research addressing these questions is still quite nascent; therefore, only tentative conclusions can be drawn. However, this review points out promising lines of research and makes suggestions for future research to obtain more firm conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"221 2","pages":"72-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/2151-2604/a000137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32564027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 71
Video Games for Children and Adolescents With Special Educational Needs 有特殊教育需要的儿童和青少年的电子游戏
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000138
K. Durkin, J. Boyle, S. Hunter, G. Conti-Ramsden
{"title":"Video Games for Children and Adolescents With Special Educational Needs","authors":"K. Durkin, J. Boyle, S. Hunter, G. Conti-Ramsden","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000138","url":null,"abstract":"Almost all children play video games at some point and many play regularly. Not only are games ubiquitous in children’s leisure environments but the motivational and skill-enhancing potentialities of this technology are being exploited increasingly in education. Good quality games, which are challenging, instructive, and absorbing, can make learning enjoyable and effective. But is this the case for children who struggle in school? This paper reviews the emerging literature on video game uses by children with special educational needs. With reference to both entertainment games and “serious” games, we consider (i) the implications of developmental and learning disabilities for game play, (ii) the potential of games to address special cognitive and educational needs, and (iii) the social potential of game play. Gaps in current knowledge are identified and directions for future research are outlined.","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"18 1","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89969425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 81
The Effects of Intergroup Climate on Immigrants’ Acculturation Preferences 族群间气候对移民文化适应偏好的影响
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000155
O. Christ, F. Asbrock, Kristof Dhont, T. Pettigrew, U. Wagner
{"title":"The Effects of Intergroup Climate on Immigrants’ Acculturation Preferences","authors":"O. Christ, F. Asbrock, Kristof Dhont, T. Pettigrew, U. Wagner","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000155","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the intergroup climate on acculturation preferences among host-majority and immigrant group members has been long acknowledged in the acculturation literature. Only recently, however, research has started to directly examine the effect of the intergroup climate on acculturation preferences. In the present research, we aimed to contribute to this new and important line of research by adopting a multilevel approach to examine the effect of the intergroup climate (social context level of analysis) on immigrants’ acculturation preferences (individual level of analysis) over and above individual-level predictors of acculturation preferences. Based on recent cross-sectional survey data from Germany, we examined the acculturation preferences (cultural maintenance and maintenance of intergroup relations) of members of immigrant groups (immigrants from non-Western countries; N individual level = 317) living in different districts in Germany (N district-level = 179). On the social context level, we us...","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"252-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79190942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 34
Strategic Control Over the Unhelpful Effects of Primed Social Categories and Goals 对启动社会范畴和目标的无益效应的战略控制
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2012-11-26 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000112
Thomas Llewelyn Webb, P. Sheeran, P. Gollwitzer, Roman Trötschel
{"title":"Strategic Control Over the Unhelpful Effects of Primed Social Categories and Goals","authors":"Thomas Llewelyn Webb, P. Sheeran, P. Gollwitzer, Roman Trötschel","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000112","url":null,"abstract":"Social situations can, at times, have a detrimental influence on behavior (e.g., exposure to supermodels can make people dumb, certain social situations can prompt excessive alcohol consumption). Gaining control over such effects can be difficult because the situational influence often occurs outside conscious awareness. The present research investigates whether forming if-then plans or “implementation intentions” (Gollwitzer, 1999) can help people to strategically prevent unwanted social influences. Two experiments found that priming social categories (e.g., supermodels, Experiment 1) or social goals (e.g., socializing, Experiment 2) can have a detrimental impact on participants’ general knowledge (Experiment 1) and mental readiness to drink (Experiment 2), respectively. However, both experiments also showed that forming implementation intentions designed to ensure the effective mobilization of resources (Experiment 1) or to ignore temptation (Experiment 2) prevented social primes from influencing behavi...","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"421 1","pages":"187-193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2012-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84927958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Learning to control orientation and force in a hammering task: The initial stage. 学习在锤击任务中控制方向和力量:初级阶段。
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000088
C. Vernooij, L. Mouton, R. Bongers
{"title":"Learning to control orientation and force in a hammering task: The initial stage.","authors":"C. Vernooij, L. Mouton, R. Bongers","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000088","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to create stone tools is considered an important step in the emergence of human cognition. To further our understanding of these evolutionary processes we focused on the initial learning processes with which this percussive skill may be acquired. We studied a hammering task in which participants had to create a ground force vector by hitting a target on a force plate with a hammerstone. The produced ground force vector was presented as an arrow on a computer screen and had to end in a displayed target. The target could vary in its angle of azimuth and inclination. Over 5 days, three of the five participants adapted a wrist joint angle and two of these three participants adapted a shoulder joint angle that affected only angle of inclination of the ground force vector. Length and angle of azimuth of the ground force vector were not affected. In learning to control a hammering task, the first parameter to be manipulated seems to be the angle of inclination by adjusting the wrist and shoulder join...","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"36 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74218854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
The proactive control of stereotype activation: Implicit goals to not stereotype 刻板印象激活的主动控制:内隐目标到非刻板印象
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000110
G. Moskowitz, Jeff Stone
{"title":"The proactive control of stereotype activation: Implicit goals to not stereotype","authors":"G. Moskowitz, Jeff Stone","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000110","url":null,"abstract":"Stereotypes are typically conceived of as controlled through conscious willing. We propose that goals can lead to stereotype control even when the goals are not consciously noted. This is called proactive control since goal pursuit occurs not as a reaction to a stereotype having been activated and having exerted influence, but as an act of goal shielding that inhibits stereotypes instead of activating them. In two experiments proactive control over stereotypes toward African Americans was illustrated using a lexical decision task. In Experiment 1, participants with egalitarian goals showed slower responses to stereotypic words when following an African American male face (relative to following a White face). Experiment 2 illustrated African American faces facilitated responses to stimuli relevant to egalitarian goals; White faces did not. Together, these studies indicate that, without consciously trying, participants with egalitarian goals’ implicit reaction to African Americans included triggering fairne...","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"108 1","pages":"172-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76933932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Where to Grasp a Tool? Task-Dependent Adjustments of Tool Transformations by Tool Users 如何掌握工具?工具用户对工具转换的任务相关调整
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000089
O. Herbort
{"title":"Where to Grasp a Tool? Task-Dependent Adjustments of Tool Transformations by Tool Users","authors":"O. Herbort","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/A000089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/A000089","url":null,"abstract":"Biomechanical and environmental constraints limit body movements and tool use actions. However, in the case of tool use, such constraints can often be overcome by adjusting a tool's tool transformation to the requirements of the intended tool use action. The research presented here examined whether participants grasped a lever at different positions, thus modifying the lever's tool transformation, to accommodate speed and accuracy requirements of different tasks. Participants were asked to quickly track a sequence of targets with the lever. If accuracy requirements were high, participants compensated for limits in the accuracy of hand movements by grasping the lever at a position that enabled precise control of the lever. If accuracy requirements were low, participants compensated for limits in hand speed by grasping the lever at a position that enabled fast lever movements with comparatively slow hand movements. This task-dependent grasp selection was only present after participants had practiced the tasks. The data show that in addition to adapting to fixed tool transformations, participants also actively controlled tool transformations to facilitate tool use actions.","PeriodicalId":47289,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-Journal of Psychology","volume":"69 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78711253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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