International Journal for the Psychology of Religion最新文献

{"title":"In the Face of Adversity: A Phenomenological Study of Spiritual Struggles among “Bible-Believing” Christians","authors":"W. Williamson, Christopher F. Silver","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1899640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1899640","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explored the lived experience of adversity as spiritual struggles among fundamentalists. Ten Christian fundamentalists participated in phenomenological interviews and provided descriptions of their experiences with adversity. A hermeneutic-thematic analysis of transcribed interviews derived a structured pattern of five interdependent themes that described meaning in the experience of adversity for all participants. In adversity, they were aware of a specific adversary as the source of adversity; an alternation between negative-positive emotions; standing up against or down from the adversary; struggling through the adversity; and spiritual change. Themes are discussed in relation to the existential grounds of body, others, and time, and research.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"31 1","pages":"189 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1899640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41534654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Special Issue in Honor of Ralph W. Hood, Jr.","authors":"W. Williamson, Christopher F. Silver, H. Streib","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1940531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1940531","url":null,"abstract":"Most anyone who studies psychology of religion has encountered the name Ralph W. Hood, Jr. His perennial presence at research conferences and many contributions to the psychology of religion have now spanned more than five decades. This observation and his recent anniversary of 51 years at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC) are timely reasons for dedicating a special issue to honor him in the journal he co-founded in 1992, with Laurence B. Brown and H. Newton Malony as co-editors, and himself as book review editor. Thus, we present this issue in recognition of Ralph and his considerable accomplishments in the psychology of religion. The six articles included here represent but a small sample of areas and people his research has touched. For those who have seen Ralph at research conferences, two things readily stand out: first, his trademark jeans, tie-dyed tee-shirt, and ball-cap are elevated to formal attire by the addition of a sports coat; and second, his conference presentations are always extemporaneous, enormously stimulating, and reflective of a well-read mind not only in psychology, but also in other disciplines. He can be seen conversing with established scholars on matters of research or shared personal interest, but also with young scholars who are striving to find their way into an academy that sometimes can be less than welcoming. Succinctly put, Ralph is a regular and unmistakable presence at these meetings. In his career, Ralph has served in many capacities, including president of APA Division 36, editor/co-editor of several journals (e.g., IJPR, the Archive, JSSR, etc.), editorial board member for numerous journals, and chair/member of multiple committees in professional organizations. He also has received a number of awards for his service and research contributions from APA Division 36 and other organizations. According to Bernie Spilka and Kevin Ladd (this issue), he “has been one of the most productive and innovative researchers in the psychology of religion.” He indeed has been prolific in authoring/coauthoring some 14 books (not to mention his textbook), over 65 book chapters and encyclopedia articles, and more than 160 journal articles. But perhaps the significance of his contribution to the psychology of religion is most emblematic in his longtime partnership with Bernie Spilka – another giant among us – as coauthor of The Psychology of Religion: An Empirical Approach, which was first published more than 35 years ago (Spilka et al., 1985). Since then, this work has dominated the field internationally as “the” textbook for students and scholars alike through five editions that critically summarize theories and empirical research (e.g., Hood et al., 2018). Ralph has influenced untold students and scholars in the psychology of religion. The many who know him personally can offer stories from treasure troves of memorable experiences that illustrate his deep concern for the welfare and professional development of ","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"31 1","pages":"153 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1940531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46684429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scientific Assessment of the Validity of Mystical Experience: Understanding Altered Psychological and Neurophysiological States","authors":"R. Hood","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1940527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1940527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"31 1","pages":"223 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1940527","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legacies of the Occult: Psychoanalysis, Religion, and Unconscious Communication","authors":"B. Beit-Hallahmi","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1911208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1911208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"31 1","pages":"316 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1911208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45948350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"If You Don’t Believe in God, Do You at Least Believe in Aristotle? Evaluations of Religious Outgroup Members Hinge upon Moral Perceptions","authors":"Stephanie R. Mallinas, Paul Conway","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1916240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1916240","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Religious people tend to believe atheists are immoral. Although some work suggests that atheists themselves agree, such findings could also reflect symmetric ingroup bias in the moral domain, where atheists likewise view religious targets as untrustworthy and immoral. We examined how American religious and atheist participants rated the morality of atheist and religious targets and assessed a potential intervention: learning that targets adhere to a moral code. Across three studies, both religious and nonreligious participants demonstrated clear ingroup favoritism, rating ingroup targets more moral than outgroup targets. However, this ingroup bias was reduced when participants learned the target adheres to a warm and coherent moral system rooted in philosophy and concern for others. These findings extended beyond evaluations to downstream social consequences such as distancing. Such findings challenge arguments that atheists view themselves as immoral and point the way forward toward reducing religious ingroup bias.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"32 1","pages":"127 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1916240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42772030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Empirical Study of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality in Japan","authors":"Z. Chen","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1911202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1911202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"31 1","pages":"313 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1911202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41880886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety Enhances Recall of Supernatural Agents","authors":"Thomas Swan, J. Halberstadt","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1898808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1898808","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The motivational account of religious belief – that belief fulfills some psychological need – has been historically popular, and recent studies have identified a causal role for anxiety in particular. However, the cognitive mechanisms by which anxiety ultimately produces religious belief are unclear. In two studies, we show that anxiety intensifies a known cognitive bias to recall supernatural agents via preferential processing of the threatening characteristics of these agents. Across the two studies, participants exposed to an anxiety manipulation at encoding (but not at retrieval) exhibited a stronger recall bias for supernatural agents than controls, regardless of how anxiety was elicited and regardless of participants’ religiosity. The results suggest that people in anxious states are more likely to remember and accumulate representations of supernatural or “godlike” agents than people in non-anxious states, potentially biasing them toward religious belief in these agents. This work therefore lends support and detail to the motivational account, addresses the puzzle of why some malevolent gods attract believers, and, by illustrating the importance of anxiety in recall for supernatural agents, argues for the construction of cognitive-motivational models of religious belief.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"32 1","pages":"71 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1898808","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49042640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction","authors":"Anna R. George, E. Wesselmann, J. Hilgard, A. Young, I. Beest","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2021.1906589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1906589","url":null,"abstract":"(1) The second to last line: “Moreover, a mini-meta analysis of the original study and the current two studies added the novel insight that thinking about being included by God increased wellbeing relative to contemplating that God created the earth.” has been removed from the abstract. (2) The final line of the section “Mini meta-analysis on main effects” on page 8 has been corrected from “Moreover, the mini-meta analysis revealed a significant difference between the inclusion (M = 67.75, SD = 11.67) and control conditions (M = 59.87, SD = 11.69) on well-being score, t(520) = 5.45, p < .001, d = 0.58.” to “The mini meta-analysis revealed there was not a significant difference between the inclusion condition (M = 67.75, SD = 11.67) and the control condition (M = 67.47, SD = 11.69) on well-being score, t(348) = 0.23, p = 0.819, d = 0.02.” (3) The third paragraph on page 9 has been rewritten. It has changed from: ● While the individual studies, as well as the original study, showed no significant effect on the relation between the inclusion and control conditions on well-being, the mini-meta analysis showed there was a benefit to well-being when Christians read that God would always be with them compared to reading about God creating the Earth. Future research could examine this relation more closely to determine if it is a true effect. Both our studies, as well as the original study, may simply have been underpowered to detect this effect. The control conditions in all three studies were Bible verses, and thus future research could have a more neutral control condition that does not include religious scripture.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"31 1","pages":"151 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2021.1906589","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44706101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Longer Religious, but Still Spending Money Religiously: Religious Rituals and Community Influence Consumer Behavior among Religious Dones","authors":"C. DeWall, D. V. Van Tongeren","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2020.1871558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2020.1871558","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many people spend money on religious and secular products. How do spending preferences change when people stop identifying as religious? People who stop identifying as religious (religious dones) may retain preferences for religious products more so than people who have never identified as religious (religious nones). Three studies (two preregistered; total N = 2,214) supported the religious residue hypothesis: currently religious participants expressed greater willingness to pay for religious products than did religious dones, who reported greater willingness to pay than did religious nones. Religious dones also expressed a greater desire to pay for secular products than for religious products, a pattern similar to religious nones. The religious residue effect was mediated by engagement in religious rituals and time spent with religious individuals.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"32 1","pages":"53 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2020.1871558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48177835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation in Existential Groups Led by Norwegian Healthcare Chaplains—Relations to Psychological Distress, Crisis of Meaning and Meaningfulness","authors":"Hilde Frøkedal, H. Stifoss-Hanssen, Valerie DeMarinis, Torleif Ruud, Anja Visser, Torgeir Sørensen","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2020.1844966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2020.1844966","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Spirituality groups led by healthcare chaplains have been found to aid patients’ recovery processes in US psychiatric units. In Norway, existential groups (EGs) led by healthcare chaplains and co-led by healthcare staff members are offered at psychiatric units; these groups share commonalities with spirituality groups, group psychotherapy, existential therapy and clinical pastoral care, facilitating patients’ reflections regarding existential, spiritual and religious issues. The study aimed to examine associations between patients’ participation and topics discussed in the EGs and their experiences of psychological distress, crisis of meaning and meaningfulness. A cross-sectional design was applied among 157 patients attending EGs led by healthcare chaplains across Norway. Multivariate regression analyses assessed the strength of possible associations, adjusted for relevant demographical variables. Significant association was found between lengthier EG participation and lower levels of psychological distress, while discussion topics concerning religious and spiritual issues were significantly associated with the experience of meaningfulness.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":"32 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2020.1844966","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47347383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}