Geological Society, London, Memoirs最新文献

{"title":"About this title - The Emergence of Geophysics: Journeys into the Twentieth Century","authors":"R. J. Howarth","doi":"10.1144/m60-000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m60-000","url":null,"abstract":"Intended for Earth scientists and historians of science, this well-illustrated book recounts the development of the understanding of magnetic, electric, gravitational, seismic, thermal, geodynamic and radioactive phenomena; the subsequent emergence of ‘physics of the Earth’ (which became ‘geophysics’) as a unique study area, and its instrumentation. Biographical information is given for many of the investigators.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kureika-Tunguska Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, northern East Siberia","authors":"S. V. Frolov, C. G. Akhmanov, N. I. Korobova, E. Bakay, N. P. Fadeeva, N. S. Shevchuk","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-20","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Kureika-Tunguska Composite Tectonic-Stratigraphic-Sedimentary Element (KT CTSE) is located in East Siberia. Geologically, it is confined to the homonymic basin in the northwestern part of the Siberian Craton. The basement of the basin is composed of Archean-Early Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. The sedimentary cover is composed of Mesoproterozoic, Neoproterosoic and Early Paleozoic predominantly carbonate rocks capped with a succession of Pennsylvanian-Permian coal bearing sediments overlain by thick section of Early Triassic tuffs and lavas. The entire sedimentary cover, especially its upper part, is saturated with mafic intrusive bodies. The maximum depth to the top basement can exceed 10 km.\u0000 The KT CTSE is characterized by a very low exploration degree. Rather scarce prospecting works for oil and gas have not yet yielded positive results. However, indirect data, such as numerous bitumen fields, evidence of the source rocks, etc. are promising for the potential discoveries including large hydrocarbon accumulations.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zyryanka Basin Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Northeastern Asia","authors":"V. Ershova, A. V. Prokopiev, S. Drachev, S. V. Shimanskiy","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-21","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Zyryanka Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element is located in the NE Asia. It consists of a synonymous sedimentary basin, that is one of the least studied onshore basins in the NE Asia due to its remoteness and scarcity of wells and geophysical data. The basin evolved through 4 episodes of subsidence and two episodes of contraction. The Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous subsidence is inferred to be caused by tectonic loading during contraction events within the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma Orogen, which led to the deposition of up to 10 km of predominantly continental siliciclastic strata. In the Cenozoic, the basin evolved in a post-orogenic intracontinental setting and accumulated a 2-3 km thick succession of continental siliciclastic strata. In the Oligocene to mid-Miocene, the basin evolved in a contractional setting caused by the convergence between Eurasian and North American lithospheric plates and underwent a contractional deformation in the Middle Miocene. We recognise four individual tectono-sedimentary elements that are related to different stages of the basin's evolution. The basin contains significant coal resources. It was also considered a potential prospective area for the formation of hydrocarbon accumulations especially in its Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous strata; however, drilled wells did not encounter oil or gas-bearing reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"23 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eurasian Arctic Rifted Margin Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element","authors":"M. Abdelmalak, A. Minakov, J. Meza-Cala, J. Faleide, C. Gaina, S. Drachev","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Eurasian Arctic Rifted Margin (EARM) spans a poorly studied transition region between the Eurasian continental shelf and deep-water Nansen Basin. It is a conjugate margin to the Lomonosov Ridge as both domains were united before opening of the oceanic Eurasian Basin. The EARM is considered as a Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element (CTSE) consisting of two individual tectono-sedimentary elements (TSEs): (1) an undefined group of poorly known pre-rift Mesozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary successions, and (2) the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene syn-rift strata. The latter are bounded by ∼56 Ma breakup unconformity and overlain by the Eurasia Basin prograded margin TSE, which is not included in EARM. In the absence of drilled wells, we utilize multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data for seismic stratigraphic correlations with nearby, better-explored areas. The EARM is subdivided into three along-strike segments (from west to east): Svalbard-Barents Sea, the North Kara Sea, and the Taimyr-Laptev Sea. Across-strike, the EARM is composed of a proximal zone of stretched crust characterized by normal faulting, and a relatively narrow distal transition zone that may contain unroofed serpentinised mantle. The lack of drilled wells makes it challenging to evaluate petroleum potential of the CTSE, although some indications of a working petroleum system presence exist.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"24 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"West Barents Sheared Margin Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Norwegian-Greenland Sea and Fram Strait","authors":"J. Faleide, P. W. Wong, M. Hassaan, R. Gabrielsen, M. Abdelmalak, S. Planke, F. Tsikalas, B. Manton, R. Myklebust","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The West Barents Shear Margin developed in response to breakup and initial opening of the NE Atlantic and links to the Arctic Eurasia Basin. It consists of three first-order segments: (1) a southern sheared margin segment bounding the deep SW Barents Sea basins; (2) a central rifted margin segment west of Bjørnøya; (3) a northern initially sheared margin segment that later was exposed to oblique extension west of Svalbard. The geometry of the margin included releasing as well as restraining bends that inflicted substantial impact on the deformation along the sheared margin. In light of the recent years' structural, stratigraphical and sedimentological investigations, the first-order three-fold subdivision of the Barents shear margin has been strengthened and expanded on. It is become even clearer that this subdivision reflects the margin geometry and the shifting farfield and local stress configurations. Prior to the final stages of rifting and breakup of the NE Atlantic in the Paleogene, the study area was part of a broad and extensive basin province comprising deep sedimentary basins. The line of breakup was cutting diagonal across the regional basin province so that different parts of it are now located in the mid-Norwegian margin, in the NE Greenland margin and in the SW Barents Sea. These areas share a long and complex history of multiple rift phases throughout Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic times, and information from these areas is integrated in the description of the West Barents Shear Margin Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element. The marginal basins in the SW Barents Sea are the least explored area on the Norwegian continental shelf and sporadic exploration activity has had limited success. A petroleum potential still exist that will be elaborated in renewed upcoming activity.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140661430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"North Kara and Vize-Ushakov Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Elements, Kara Sea","authors":"S. Drachev, V. Ershova","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 North Kara Shelf and adjoining Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago represent a region of a complex tectonic interplay between two large Arctic fold-and-thrust belts: the Early Mesozoic Pay-Khoy-Novaya Zemlya–South Taimyr in the SW and the Late Paleozoic Taimyr–Severnaya Zemlya–in the S-SE and E, and an inferred Devonian/Carboniferous deformation zone in the N. Contractional deformations of different ages formed a series of basement highs and inverted sediment-cored swells that separate deeply subsided sedimentary basins. In the framework of the volume's terminology, this region consists of two composite tectono-sedimentary elements (CTSE), the Vize-Ushakov (VU CTSE) and North Kara (NK CTSE). The principal difference between these elements is in the age of underlying basement rocks, which, in turn, determines the stratigraphic span of the overlying sedimentary successions. In this chapter we characterize the geology of this remote Arctic region based on the available seismic data supported by the published results and our own studies.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"2007 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Møre–Vøring Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Norwegian rifted margin, Norwegian Sea","authors":"J. Faleide, D. Zastrozhnov, M. Abdelmalak, B. Manton, S. Planke, L. Gernigon, H. Brekke, R. Myklebust","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Møre and Vøring basins at the mid-Norwegian margin was affected by a series of rift phases separated by periods of tectonic quiescence from Caledonian collapse in the Devonian to final continental breakup in the earliest Eocene. The tectonic phases were mostly extensional in nature, and the pre-drift extension across the Møre-Vøring basins since mid-Permian time has been estimated to be in the order of 200-250 km. The pre-Cretaceous basin configuration is poorly constrained due to limited seismic resolution at large depths and lack of borehole control. A fundamental change in crustal deformation regime occurred from Late Jurassic distributed stretching of the upper crust to Early Cretaceous thinning at lower crustal levels located along the axis of the Møre and Vøring basins. A westward migration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene depocentres in the Vøring Basin reflect focussing of deformation towards the time and line of breakup. The basin architecture and evolution are summarised in relation to tectono-sedimentary elements corresponding to the main tectonic and depositional phases and representing characteristic megasequences in the seismic data. Finally, the exploration history and main petroleum systems of the Møre and Vøring basins are presented.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"349 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olenek-Anabar Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Northern East Siberia","authors":"V. B. Ershova, A. Khudoley, S. Drachev, A. V. Prokopiev, S. V. Shimanskiy","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Olenek-Anabar Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element (OLA CTSE) is located in the northern part of the Siberian Craton. Its structure and depositional history is controlled by two main tectonic events: (i) Mesoproterozoic rifting; (ii) Ediacaran-Cambrian (to Middle Devonian?) post-rift thermal subsidence. The sedimentary succession is mainly represented by Mesoproterozoic to Cambrian strata including the black shales of lower-middle Kuonamka Formation (Fm). The hydrocarbon potential of the OLA CTSE is defined by the presence of large superficial bitumen fields, anticlinal structures, large reefal build-ups, and direct proximity to the potential source rock (Kuonamka Fm). A very scarce grid of seismic profiles and lack of exploration wells limits the knowledge of the petroleum potential. The lack of seals and broad occurrences of faults causing significant vertical permeability of sediment cover, abundant occurrences of mafic and kimberlite magmatism are limiting factors regarding the petroleum potential. Wells drilled during the Soviet-era did not recover any commercial discoveries.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"40 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Northern Svalbard Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element","authors":"M. Smelror, S. Olaussen, Marie-Andrée Dumais, S. Grundvåg, T. B. Abay","doi":"10.1144/m57-2023-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2023-2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Northern Svalbard Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element (CTSE) comprises Proterozoic, Early Paleozoic, and Devonian sedimentary rocks preserved in northern Svalbard and on the adjacent shelf margin. Here, the sedimentary strata of the CTSE are preserved between complexes of metamorphic and crystalline basement rocks. The Northern Svalbard CTSE covers four main tectonostratigraphic elements: Tonian syn-rift, Neoproterozoic to Cambrian post-rift, Ordovician passive margin, and late Silurian?/Devonian syn-extensional basins. The oldest documented sedimentary strata are greywacke and shale deposited after the Greenvillian Orogeny and assumed to be younger than 980-960 Ma. The present CTSE further includes Cambrian-Ordovician sedimentary rocks in Ny-Friesland and Nordaustlandet, while the dominant part of the CTSE are continental Old Red Sandstone sediments of the late Silurian?/Early Devonian Red Bay and Siktefjellet groups and the Early-Late Devonian Andreé Land Group onshore northern Spitsbergen. Locally, the Cambrian-Ordovician formations contain petroleum source rocks with moderate total organic carbon contents and relatively high hydrogen index values, suggesting a good potential for oil generation. There are possible reservoirs, seals, and traps in some of the basins, but the CTSE generally holds a very limited potential as a petroleum province, particularly as the region is under strict environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canadian Arctic–Beaufort Sea Rifted Margin Tectono-Sedimentary Element, SE Canada Basin","authors":"Ashton Embry, James Dixon, Brian Ricketts, Randell Stephenson","doi":"10.1144/m57-2022-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/m57-2022-54","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Canadian Arctic–Beaufort Sea Rifted Margin (CARM) Tectono-Sedimentary Element (TSE) is located on the continental shelf and slope that lie to the west of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and to the north of the Mackenzie Delta. The TSE comprises the rift succession deposited on the eastern and southern margins of the Amerasia Basin, coincident with the opening of this basin. The TSE strata range in age from the latest Triassic (Rhaetian) to Early Cretaceous (Albian). A major unconformity marks the base of the TSE, with underlying rocks consisting of moderately to highly deformed Proterozoic and Lower Paleozoic rocks that are regarded as basement. The TSE is overlain by the Canadian Arctic Prograded Margin (CAPM) TSE, with the boundary being a significant unconformity in landward areas. Well data are limited to the Beaufort–Mackenzie area, and reflection and refraction seismic data indicate that the succession is up to 4 km thick. The TSE is divided into four structural domains, with deformation increasing to the north. The Beaufort–Mackenzie Domain is dominated by extensional structures, with later contractional structures present in its western portion. The Southern Domain is extensional and characterized by normal faults with tilted fault blocks. The structure of the Central Domain is similar to that of the Southern Domain but may include broad folds formed during the Paleogene Eurekan Orogeny. The succession in the Northern Domain is likely to be strongly folded and cut by thrust faults of the Eurekan Orogeny. Cretaceous extrusive and intrusive basic rocks, related to magmatism in the northern Amerasia Basin, are present in both the Central and Northern domains. Petroleum source rocks, of both lacustrine and marine origin, may be present in the Jurassic portion of the succession and marine shales in the Lower Cretaceous succession. The potential for structural and stratigraphic traps in widespread sandstone units of alluvial fan to marine slope origin is high. The remote location of the TSE, however, makes it likely that it will not be a target for petroleum exploration in the foreseeable future.","PeriodicalId":472270,"journal":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Memoirs","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135944427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}