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Unpacking the politics of ‘sportswashing’: It takes two to tango 揭秘“体育丑闻”的政治:探戈需要两个人一起跳
3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231207387
Jonathan Grix, Adam Dinsmore, Paul Michael Brannagan
{"title":"Unpacking the politics of ‘sportswashing’: It takes two to tango","authors":"Jonathan Grix, Adam Dinsmore, Paul Michael Brannagan","doi":"10.1177/02633957231207387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231207387","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of ‘sportswashing’ serves as a short-hand way of criticising non-democratic regimes for using investment in sport, sports clubs, and sports events to detract from illiberal practices in their home countries. This article makes a contribution to the extant literature and debates on ‘sportswashing’ in three key ways by (1) showing that, paradoxically, without the encouragement and opportunities afforded by notionally democratic global capitalism and the ‘West’, ‘sportswashing’ strategies would not be available to non-democratic regimes; (2) highlighting the ‘mechanisms’ by which ‘sportswashing’ actually occurs and how it ought to be understood as an initial step on a long-term journey towards ‘soft power’ gains. The article does this by (3) examining two empirical examples of ‘sportswashing’: first, the 2022 Qatar World Cup and the broader international sports investment strategies pursued by Qatar and Saudi Arabia. Second, we introduce the WWE partnership with Saudi Arabia to demonstrate that ‘sports washing’ can be rendered bidirectional such that both participants reap a reputational boost, inverting the presumed reputational damage that otherwise constitutes the main disincentive to participation by Western capital. Such a process embeds non-democratic regimes in the sports industry leading to their becoming ‘normalised’ in international business.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135286421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ideology, organisation, and path dependency: The use of violence among Egyptian Islamist movements 意识形态、组织和路径依赖：埃及伊斯兰运动中的暴力使用
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231195456
Bruno Schmidt-Feuerheerd
{"title":"Ideology, organisation, and path dependency: The use of violence among Egyptian Islamist movements","authors":"Bruno Schmidt-Feuerheerd","doi":"10.1177/02633957231195456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231195456","url":null,"abstract":"Does ideology prevent social movements from resorting to violence? Structuralist, organisational, or political economy theories are widely agnostic on the relationship between ideology and the use of violence. In contrast, this article argues that founding ideologies indirectly shape social movements’ long-run decisions regarding the use violence, primarily by influencing the kind of individuals who join the movement to begin with. A path dependency develops as new members reinforce the initial ideology, as individuals who might tip the ideological-organisational equilibrium towards utilising new tactics join other organisations instead. Over time, ideology morphes from being initially an endogenous factor into an exogenous constraint how the group can behave. The article compares the mainstream Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood (MB), al-Jama‘a al-Islamiyya (IG) and the Jihad Organisation (JO), studying individual biographies, the groups’ recruitment patterns and their corresponding ideologies. The article thereby explains why the MB, with some minor exceptions, remained committed to non-violent activism, in contrast with the JO that resorted to violent means only and the IG that applied both violent and non-violent means. In the conclusion, the article addresses cases in Algeria and Madagascar to indicate the relevance of this argument beyond Egyptian Islamist movements to future comparative work.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42132631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polarisation over the meaning of democracy: The case of political parties in Turkey 民主意义的两极分化:以土耳其政党为例
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231191445
Sema Akboga, O. Şahin, E. Arik
{"title":"Polarisation over the meaning of democracy: The case of political parties in Turkey","authors":"Sema Akboga, O. Şahin, E. Arik","doi":"10.1177/02633957231191445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231191445","url":null,"abstract":"As the primary means of political organisation, political parties remain vital to contemporary democracies, making it important to investigate their understanding of democracy. This study explores the themes with which five largest political parties in Turkey associate democracy. We studied tweets posted by official accounts of these parties’ headquarters and branches, as well as by other Twitter accounts that are institutionally linked to these parties. We found significant differences between the government bloc and the opposition bloc as well as between People Alliance and Nation Alliance in terms of the themes with which they associate democracy. The government bloc and People Alliance use themes such as national will and military coups while referring to democracy. The opposition bloc and Nation Alliance emphasise themes such as equality, freedom of the press, and justice. We conclude that parties’ and blocs’ different attitudes towards democracy are indicators of political polarisation in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46530078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parliamentary candidates and their campaign messages at the 2019 General Election 议会候选人及其在2019年大选中的竞选信息
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231186384
Siim Trumm, Caitlin Milazzo, Alan Duggan
{"title":"Parliamentary candidates and their campaign messages at the 2019 General Election","authors":"Siim Trumm, Caitlin Milazzo, Alan Duggan","doi":"10.1177/02633957231186384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231186384","url":null,"abstract":"The 2019 General Election brought about a significant change in the parliamentary balance of power. There has already been much attention devoted to how parties and their leaders campaigned in the run up to the polling day. Using original leaflet data from the OpenElections project, this study extends the focus to individual candidates by exploring the nature of local campaign communications. We find that candidates make little effort to promote their personal traits, with personalisation of leaflets remaining largely limited to offering visual cues in the shape of candidate photos. We also find that while negative campaign messages are common, they tend to relate to an opposing party more generally. Similarly, we find that highlighting the tactical situation in the constituency remains a rare practice. Our findings suggest that there is still considerable room for candidates to tailor their campaign materials to their personal attributes and the local electoral context.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41613312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From the screens to the streets? Social media use and participation in the Yellow Vests protests 从屏幕到街道？社交媒体在黄背心抗议活动中的使用和参与
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-07-22 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231185225
Caterina Froio, Xavier Romero‐Vidal
{"title":"From the screens to the streets? Social media use and participation in the Yellow Vests protests","authors":"Caterina Froio, Xavier Romero‐Vidal","doi":"10.1177/02633957231185225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231185225","url":null,"abstract":"This article takes the Yellow Vests (YVs, Gilets Jaunes) movement as a case in point to study the mechanisms by which social media can enhance protest participation. Building on the literature on social media and protest behaviour, we study the association between different political experiences on social media and protest engagement. We rely on novel survey data from the project YELLOWPOL collected in France in 2019 during a period characterised by the mobilisation of the YVs. We find that individuals’ experiences on social media play a role in connecting general social media use with their participation in protests. Specifically, we show that simply using social media cannot predict protest behaviour, but seeking content from the accounts of decision-makers and activists and using social media to express opinions contributes to protest participation. These findings enhance the understanding of the individual-level mechanisms linking social media use and protest behaviour in first-wave democracies, expanding existing knowledge on the use and consequences of Internet-mediated technology on political participation and political change.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49465213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Venezuelan migrants in delivery platform work during the COVID-19 pandemic in Buenos Aires, Argentina: Between exploitability, precariousness, and daily resistance 新冠肺炎大流行期间，委内瑞拉移民在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯的送货平台工作：在可利用性、不稳定性和日常抵抗之间
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-07-22 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231186908
Héctor Fabio Bermúdez Lenis
{"title":"Venezuelan migrants in delivery platform work during the COVID-19 pandemic in Buenos Aires, Argentina: Between exploitability, precariousness, and daily resistance","authors":"Héctor Fabio Bermúdez Lenis","doi":"10.1177/02633957231186908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231186908","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we analyse the working conditions of Venezuelan migrants, who participate in delivery work in Argentina, based on a conceptual discussion on the ‘precarisation’ processes of migrant workers in the countries of the global south. The labour conditions of workers in South America have historically deteriorated for several decades, but its effects have intensified after the COVID-19 pandemic. This analysis is focused on the dynamics of Venezuelan migrant labour within digital platforms in Buenos Aires, contrasting data obtained between 2019 and 2020 from two surveys and interviews conducted with this population. Drawing upon contributions from the sociology of migration and the sociology of work, this article seeks to understand how irregularised migrants employed in the platform work, at the intersection of super-exploitation and super-exposure to contagion, have been brutally affected by the expansion of delivery work.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49333068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-sustainment dynamics in armed groups systems: Understanding the post–Havana Agreement conflict in Colombia. 武装团体系统中的自我维持动态:理解哥伦比亚《哈瓦那协定》后的冲突。
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231181043
Oscar Palma
{"title":"Self-sustainment dynamics in armed groups systems: Understanding the post–Havana Agreement conflict in Colombia.","authors":"Oscar Palma","doi":"10.1177/02633957231181043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231181043","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the demobilisation of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), armed groups continue to exist in Colombia perpetuating conflict and violence, many of them motivated by the profits of illicit economies, including narco-trafficking. As a contribution to explanations on the continuity of internal conflict, this article explains the idea of ‘self-sustainment dynamics’ in a system of armed groups and structures, with Colombia as a case study. It assumes that the post-FARC scenario of armed agents needs to be observed as a complex adaptive system where several types of armed structures come together. It argues that self-sustainment dynamics are a consequence of the reaccommodation of structures within the system as they adapt to stimuli from the environment and to key decision and actions of individuals within the structures. It seeks to motivate comparisons with other cases of internal conflict where illicit economies have a significant weight.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42433051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Economic and mobility repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Chile–Bolivia border COVID-19大流行对智利-玻利维亚边境的经济和流动性影响
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231178526
Nanette Liberona, Carlos Piñones-Rivera
{"title":"Economic and mobility repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Chile–Bolivia border","authors":"Nanette Liberona, Carlos Piñones-Rivera","doi":"10.1177/02633957231178526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231178526","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes how the pandemic caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) has impacted international migration. In particular, we compare the mobility and economic repercussions faced by Bolivian and Venezuelan migrants. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with migrants who requested legal and social support and advice provided by the Open Assembly of Migrants and Pro-Migrants of Tarapacá, Chile (AMPRO), an organisation dedicated to defending migrant rights. The Bolivian interviewees worked in Chile before the pandemic in the city of Iquique (close to the Bolivian border). The Venezuelan interviewees are undocumented people in transit who entered Chile during the pandemic. Through this comparison, we describe the economic repercussions on the everyday life, mobility, and survival strategies of people in transit, transboundary workers, and migrants with transnational families, and reveal a realignment of Chile’s border regime that benefits post-pandemic capitalism. Furthermore, we clarify how the health restrictions implemented due to the pandemic have favoured the reconfiguration of the border regime imposed in Chile, through a racist immigration policy based on the control and management of migration, leading to a greater irregularization of migration.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44762165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disruptive protest, civil disobedience & direct action 破坏性抗议、公民抗命和直接行动
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231176999
Oscar Berglund
{"title":"Disruptive protest, civil disobedience & direct action","authors":"Oscar Berglund","doi":"10.1177/02633957231176999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231176999","url":null,"abstract":"Disruptive protest has become increasingly studied and promoted across the social sciences, not least in relation to climate protests. This paper asks what the rationale and effects of disruptive protest are. It argues that disruptive protest carries a prefigurative legitimacy, envisaging a more democratic and just society while aiming for broader appeal and legitimacy rendered by liberal discourses. The paper takes a political theory perspective through both the literature on civil disobedience and the anarchist literature on direct action. It then explores how the key attributes of these literatures render legitimacy to the practices and discourses of two social movements that have made widespread use of disruptive protest in recent years: the Spanish anti-eviction movement Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) and the mainly British climate change movement Extinction Rebellion (XR).","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Working with politics ‘students as partners’ to engender student community: Opportunities and challenges 与“政治学生作为合作伙伴”共同创造学生社区:机遇与挑战
IF 1.8 3区 社会学
Politics Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.1177/02633957231173372
Donna Smith
{"title":"Working with politics ‘students as partners’ to engender student community: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Donna Smith","doi":"10.1177/02633957231173372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02633957231173372","url":null,"abstract":"Research suggests that creating communities of learning (academic and social) leads to a better Higher Education (HE) experience for students, which, in turn, makes it more likely that they will persist in their studies. The concept of ‘student community’ in HE has become more prominent of late, partly due to the UK Government’s emphasis on retention. One way in which student community can be engendered is by working with ‘students as partners’ in their learning: students work with academics and each other to create and extend their learning, which, in turn, has a positive impact on student community and retention. This article discusses the opportunities and challenges of working with ‘students as partners’ within a Politics HE disciplinary context. In particular, it summarises an Open University Politics student engagement project, part of the University’s partnership with UK Parliament. In doing so, the article has implications for Politics HE practice generally, and online Politics HE practice in particular, and makes recommendations for working with Politics ‘students as partners’ within the current UK HE policy environment.","PeriodicalId":47206,"journal":{"name":"Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44925206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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