Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии最新文献

{"title":"Remodeling of the Blood-Air Barrier Components in the Landscape of the Far North","authors":"A. V. Margaryan, O. V. Rashevskikh, V. A. Shidin, V. V. Matvienko","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-41-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-41-48","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate the structural and functional changes in the components of the respiratory department of the lungs during the stay of experimental animals in the conditions of the Far North. Material and methods . The experiments were carried out on white outbred male rats 140–160 g by mass on the 7-, 15- and 30th days of stay in the conditions of northern latitudes – in Kogalym (62° 26′ N and 74° 48′ E). The structural components of the blood-air barrier were studied using light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The thickness of cytoplasmic processes of type I pneumocytes, cytoplasmic processes of endotheliocytes of capillaries and basement membranes was determined. Results. During all periods of stay of animals in the conditions of the Far North, thickening of the cytoplasmic processes of type I pneumocytes was noted, while the thickness of the cytoplasmic processes of endotheliocytes was significantly increased on the 7th day (p<0,032) and reached control values by the 15th day. During these periods, interstitial edema of the walls and transudate exudation in the lumen of the alveoli, multivesicular and osmophilic lamellar bodies in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes were observed, followed by surfactant release into the lumen of the alveoli according to the merocrine type. Later, in the conditions of the Far North, there was a tendency to decrease the main indicators of the blood-air barrier. There were single blood cells in the lumen of the alveoli, Kohn pores between the alveoli, and the merocrine type of surfactant release into the lumen of the alveoli was preserved in type II pneumocytes. Conclusion . As a result of the research, it was established that in the early periods of the animals' stay in the conditions of the Far North, there is an increase in the main components of blood-air barrier (cytoplasmic processes of type I pneumocytes, basal membranes and capillary endotheliocytes). In the early stages of animal adaptation, the phenomena of interstitial edema of the walls with transudation into their lumen are noted in individual alveoli. By the 30th day, there is a tendency to decrease the main indicators of the blood-air barrier compared to previous terms, but they do not reach the control values; the surfactant yield in the apical part of type II pneumocytes by the merocrine type is preserved.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Fat Cells in Uterine Scars During Normal Pregnancy and with Placenta Accreta Spectrum","authors":"A. P. Milovanov, N. B. Tikhonova, T. V. Fokina, I. A. Kulikov, N. V. Nizyaeva","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-57-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-57-64","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to investigate the presence of fat cells (adipocytes) using morphological methods in the uterus of women without signs of scarring, with well–off scars after cesarean section (CS), as well as in a group of patients with different variants of atypical placentation. Material and methods. A retrospective histological and immunohistochemical study of the uterine wall material obtained during abdominal delivery in normal pregnancy without a previous CS in medical history (group 1, n=10), in normal pregnancy with a previous CS in anamnesis and the presence of a scar in the uterine wall (group 2, n=23) was performed, in pregnancy complicated by the ingrowth of placental villi (group 3, n=22). Results . In the uteroplacental region, the fat component was found in all three groups. No adipocytes were found in group 1 (0%). In group 2, fields of fat cells of different sizes were found in 19 cases out of 23 studied (83%) and only in the scar zone: in serosa 40%, in the perivascular zone 28%, among muscle bundles 15%. In the 3rd group with the ingrowth of placental villi into the scar zone, a “hernia” of the thinned uterine wall was detected in 68% of cases. The adipocytic component in this group was detected in 86% of cases (19 out of 22). Localization of adipocytes was observed in serosa (56%), in the perivascular zone (25%) and among muscle bundles (6%). No adipocytic component was found in the uterine wall outside the scar tissue. Conclusion . An adipocytic component was identified, undoubtedly associated with traumatic damage to the uterus and the presence of a scar in the wall. What are the relationships between the presence of fat cells in the scar tissue and its predisposition to the pathology of ingrowth of villi is unknown and requires further research.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135302306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constitutional and Index Assessment of the Physical Development of Young People in the Altai Krai","authors":"A. A. Mershalova, G. N. Borodina, P. A. Elyasin, A. A. Marchenko","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-49-56","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to comprehensively assess the indicators of physical development of adolescents subject to the assigned medical commission and young men subject to the military medical commission living in the Altai Krai, taking into account their motor activity by the index method. Material and methods . The study involved 1,186 young people of the Altai Krai aged 14–19 years. Among them there were 558 teenagers subject to the assigned medical commission and 628 young men subject to the military medical commission. Within each group, subgroups were identified in relation to motor activity. Each participant of the study gave voluntary informed written consent. The examination included the determination of 44 anthropometric parameters of the human body. Results. The studied adolescents and young men were harmoniously developed, however, the persons subject to medical commission, in the majority had an asthenic type, while the persons subject to military medical commission had normosthenic without taking into account motor activity. In the group of people with high motor activity, a strong physique was observed. The percentage of hypotrophy was higher in individuals with average motor activity in both study groups. A proportional type of fat deposition was observed in both study groups, however, in persons with average motor activity, the percentage of persons with a gynoid type of deposition was higher. Persons subject to military medical commission had higher Tanner Index scores. During the intragroup analysis, higher indicators of this index were noted in the group of people with high motor activity. Conclusion . The results of the study conducted in groups of adolescents and young men subject to assigned medical commission and military medical commission living in the Altai Krai show the heterogeneity of the study groups. Increased motor activity contributes to the androgenization of adolescents and adolescents in general, an increase in the chest, an increase in body weight.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissection as a Method of Modern European Anatomy: Devoted to the 480th Anniversary of “De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem” by Andreas Vesalius","authors":"D. B. Nikityuk, A. A. Shevchenko, S. V. Klochkova, D. A. Sokolov, N. T. Alexeeva","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-9-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-9-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the 480th anniversary of the publication of Andreas Vesalius’s “De humani corporis fabrica libri septem” and considers its biographical, historical, cultural contexts. The authors compare the results of Andreas Vesalius' investigation to other anatomical studies in the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance, presenting Vesalius’s work as the creation of a new European scientific approach in anatomy, identical to a research experiment in physics. It is demonstrated the significance of the dissection method in the form proposed by Andreas Vesalius for modern anatomy and medicine. The principal work of Andreas Vesalius is considered as the most important source of anatomical vocabulary, which is the prototype of international anatomical nomenclature. The biographical and historical issues presented by the authors allow modern readers to reveal the meanings of Andreus Vesalius’s paper, the original meaning of which was lost with all the time that has passed. The results of modern studies investigating the work of the great Flemish anatomist, little known to the Russian reader, are presented.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS","authors":"Article Editorial","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-4-85-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-4-85-88","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135744278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}