Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии最新文献

{"title":"Life Dedicated to Science. On the Occasion of the 90th Anniversary of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Corresponding Member of the RAMS, Professor B.A. Nikityuk","authors":"N. T. Alexeeva, S. V. Klochkova, D. B. Nikityuk","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-113-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-113-116","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the main stages of the life path and scientific creativity of Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Boris Aleksandrovich Nikityuk (1933–1998), who made a significant contribution to the development of domestic human anatomy. Scientific interests of B.A. Nikityuk were diverse. He conducted research in the field of developmental and environmental anatomy, sports morphology, medical and biological anthropology. His studies in the field of developmental genetics are widely known. Boris Aleksandrovich was one of the most successful developers of the acceleration doctrine, formulated its laws, developed methods and approaches for determining biological age. He was the first to formulate the basic laws of growth and development. The contribution of B.A. Nikityuk is generally recognized in the development of constitutional science. He formulated ideas about the local constitution, the reactivity of structures in connection with the characteristics of growth and development. The result of the valiant work of Professor B.A. Nikityuk became the founder of a scientific school of anatomists. Boris Alexandrovich's students continue to develop his scientific ideas up to this day.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Main Patterns of Transformation in Organs of Reproductive System During the Evolution of Vertebrates","authors":"N. N. Shevlyuk","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-103-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-103-112","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the main directions of transformations of the organs of the reproductive system during the evolution of vertebrates at various levels of the hierarchical organization of vertebrates - cellular, tissue, organ, organism, population. During the evolution of vertebrates, gonadal oligomerization occurred, a decrease in the number of hermaphrodite species, a decrease in the relative mass of gonads in the body, and a transition from isogamy to heterogamy (oogamy) was observed. In vertebrates, 4 types of structural and functional organization of male gonads have been formed: follicular type, follicular-cystic type, tubular-cystic type, tubular type. In representatives of different classes of vertebrates, the transformation of the ovaries proceeded in different directions. Large, grape-shaped ovaries have evolved in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and cloacal mammals. These ovaries, just before the breeding season, can occupy almost the entire abdominal cavity. The ovaries of placental mammals are small in size, their shape is most often oval, the surface is smooth. One of the directions of the evolutionary transformation of the gonads was the compartmentalization of the structures of the male and female gonads, while there was a structural and topographic division into the actual gonads and the genital tract, which were formed on the basis of the structures of the primary kidney. Higher vertebrates have well-developed accessory sex glands. In the gonads, there was a clear topographical distinction between endocrine and germinal structures. Against the background of an increase in the number of species with internal fertilization, against the background of the formation of a complexly organized vagina and uterus in female mammals, the formation and complication of the copulatory organs of males occurred.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Aspects of Connexins 37, 40, 43, 45 Expression in the Embryonic and Adult Kidneys","authors":"E. Yu. Shapovalova, L. A. Kutuzova, S. A. Vasilenko, A. G. Baranovskii","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-96-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-96-102","url":null,"abstract":"Nowdays, there is a wide variety of judgments regarding the specific expression of some forms of connexins (Cx) in the renin apparatus of the embryonic and adult kidneys. Establishing the exact intrarenal localization of Cx 40, 37, 43, 45 is a prerequisite for understanding their functional role in normal renal organogenesis, as well as in maintaining fluid homeostasis and controlling renin secretion. At 8–10 weeks of embryonic development, the expression of various Cx is observed in the epithelium of blood vessels and renal tubules, as well as in the region of the renal renin apparatus, but with different patterns of expression and intensity over time. During embryogenesis, the expression of Cx 40 is higher than that of Cx 43, 37, and 45. In the postnatal period, the expression of Cx 40 decreases, while the expression of others increases. Cx 40 is involved in the formation of the renin apparatus in the developing kidney, while Cx 37, Cx 43, and Cx 45 are involved in signaling important for postnatal maintenance of kidney function and blood pressure control. Knockout Cx 45 is a lethal mutation that leads to impaired differentiation of smooth muscle tissue of arterioles. On the contrary, the deletion of individual genes Cx 37, 40 and 43 has little effect on renal organogenesis, probably due to the redundancy and interchangeability of various connexin isoforms. Experimental studies in the adult kidney demonstrate that arterial endothelial cells express Cx 40 and Cx 37 and, to a lesser extent, Cx 43, while smooth muscle cells express Cx 45. The cells of the renin apparatus are characterized by the expression of Cx 37, Cx 40, Cx 43 and Cx 45, with the highest content of Cx 40, especially in juxtaglomerular cells. Adequate and coordinated work of Cx is crucial for the regulation of renal hemodynamics and renin secretion in nephrology. The use of specific connexin-mimetic peptides may lead to the development of more effective methods for controlling renin secretion.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"274 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135045867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Glial Cells Reorganization in Neocortex as a Result of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"S. S. Stepanov, A. Yu. Shoronova, V. A. Akulinin, M. S. Korzhuk, L. M. Makarieva, D. B. Avdeev, L. V. Stepanova, I. G. Tsuskman","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-86-95","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to study the reorganization of gliocytes and GFAP expression of the rat neocortex using histological, immunomorphological and morphometric methods (in particular fractal analysis) after severe traumatic brain injury (STBI). Material and methods . Modeling of STBI was performed using a patented device with a shock mechanism based on the principle of transferring kinetic energy of a falling cylindrical load. During the experiment, the rats were divided into 2 groups: main (n=30) and control (intact, n=6). The brain of rats was extracted after 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after heavy traumatic brain injury. The assessment of the glia of layers III and V of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) was carried out by analyzing histological preparations of the rat brain (stained with hematoxylin-eosin and thionin) using light microscopy, immunohistochemical reaction to glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and morphometric processing in the Image 1.53 program. Fractal analysis was performed using the FracLac 2.5 plugin to evaluate the astrocyte network. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out using nonparametric methods of information processing of the application package Statistica 10.0 programs. Results. Throughout the post-traumatic period, changes in the SMC neurons were accompanied by an increase in the numerical density of gliocytes. The maximum peak of the microglyocyte content was higher already 1 day after HTBI: by 13.4% in layer III of the SMC and by 24.2% in layer V of the SMC. The minimum indicator of the numerical density of oligodendrocytes was observed 30 days after HTBI: in layer III of the SMC by 32.2%, and in layer V of the SMC – 43.9%. 1 day after the injury, there was a statistically significant increase in the numerical density of astrocytes in layers III and V of the SMC above the control values. During 30 days, the content of gliocytes decreased: in layer III of the SMC – 23%, and in layer V of the SMC – 26.8%. When GFAP was expressed, protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes differing in body size and length of processes were found in layer III and V of the SMC. The indicators characterizing the appendages as a spatial object changed statistically significantly in comparison with the control and in the post-traumatic period between terms. The fractal dimension changed the most and a high lacunarity was observed in layer III of the SMC. For 14 days, the indicator was less than the reference value, and by this time it was already recovering in layer V of the SMC. Taken together, all this indicated a higher reactive reorganization of the processes of astrocytes of the small cell layer of the III SMC. Conclusion . After a heavy traumatic brain injury, a heterogeneous reorganization of the neuroglial complex was observed in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC). The detected changes in the numerical density of gliocytes in layers III and V of the SMC throughout the post-traumatic period were heterochronous. Morphometric analysis da","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Characteristic of Intratesticular SARS-CoV-2 Invasion","authors":"G. A. Demyashkin, E. A. Kogan, T. A. Demura, D. V. Boldyrev, M. A. Vadyukhin, N. V. Zharkov","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-20-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-20-25","url":null,"abstract":"Based on studies on the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on tissues, not only pulmonary invasion but an impaired testicular function also were revealed. In single studies on small samples of patients, an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, CD138+ plasma cells, CD3+ T-lymphocytes, CD20+ B-lymphocytes, CD68+ macrophages in the interstitial tissue was found. However, a comprehensive morphological and immunohistochemical study has not been performed on a significant cohort of patients. Thus, the study of the mechanisms of influence of SARS-CoV-2 on spermatogenesis remains relevant. The aim of the study was to carry out an immunohistochemical evaluation of spermatogenesis disorders in SARS-CoV-2 invasion. Material and methods . For the first time, a cohort of COVID-19-positive patients was collected (n=69). The autopsy material was prepared for morphological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical analysis, and the index of spermatogenesis was calculated to assess the degree of hypospermatogenesis. The invasion of SARS-CoV-2 was studied by immunohisto-chemical method with antibodies to the spike protein, the nucleocapsid protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2). Results . In the morphometric study of the testicles of patients with COVID-19, a decrease in the degree of spermatogenesis was observed. Based on the morphological and morphometric analysis, as well as the decrease in the spermatogenesis index, it is highly likely that in patients with confirmed coronavirus infection over 45 years of age, the identified pathomorphological changes were more pronounced than in young people. An immunohistochemical study revealed S-protein- and nucleocapsid-positive germ cells, as well as an increase in the number of ACE2-positive germ cells, which indicates the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 into them. Conclusion. The immunophenotypic characteristics of the testicles of patients with a new coronavirus infection indicates the viral load of SARS-CoV-2, estimated by the amount of S-protein-, nucleocapsid- and ACE2-positive germ cells. The revealed morphological and immunohistochemical patterns most likely indicates the development of COVID-19-associated orchitis.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histotopographical Features of the Diaphragm in Normal Conditions and with its Metastatic Lesions","authors":"V. A. Prosvetov, I. V. Gaivoronskii, D. A. Surov, I. A. Goryacheva","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-72-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-72-78","url":null,"abstract":"The study of regional histotopographic features of the diaphragm in normal conditions and in various types of metastatic lesions is of practical importance in abdominal oncology when planning cytoreductive surgical interventions and diaphragmatic peritonectomy. The aim was to study the histotopographic structure of the diaphragm in normal and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Material and methods . 40 non-embalmed preparations of the cadaveric diaphragm were used to prepare histotopograms of their various parts. The surgical material of 77 patients who underwent cytoreductive intervention and diaphragmatic peritonectomy of various volumes was also studied and histological preparations were made. Regional histotopographic features of the diaphragm in normal and metastatic lesions were studied. A correlation analysis of the size of carcinomatous nodes and the depth of tumor invasion was carried out. Results. It was found that the histotopographic structure in various parts of the diaphragm is normally specific and has a number of differences. Metastatic damage to the diaphragm in peritoneal carcinomatosis differs in size of tumor nodes, in depth of tumor invasion, and in combined lesion of adjacent anatomical structures. In most cases, the size of carcinomatous lesions directly correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, however, it was found that a number of large tumor nodes do not have such a depth of germination, but affect only the superficial layers of the diaphragm (peritoneum and diaphragmatic fascia). Conclusion. The results of studying the depth of tumor invasion, which is often associated with the size of carcinomatous nodes, can be implemented in clinical practice when planning cytoreductive surgical interventions and performing diaphragmatic peritonectomy.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Functional Changes in Gum Tissues During Intoxication with Thiram Followed by Correction with Vitamin C and Silybum Extract","authors":"E. S. Mishina, V. A. Korolev, E. V. Fel'ker, M. V. Mnikhovich","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-65-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-65-71","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of pesticides can lead to disruption of the ecological balance between the external environment and the human body, provoking the development of oxidative stress, which leads to an increase in toxic forms of damage to organs and systems of the macroorganism. The present study shows the effect of subchronic intoxication with the fungicide tiram on the morphological and functional state of gum tissues, as well as the use of plant antioxidants of vitamin C and silybum extract to stop the inflammatory process and to increase the regenerative potential of gum structural components. The aim was to study of morphofuncmorphofunctional changes in gum tissue during subchronic intoxication with the fungicide tiram and correction with vitamin C and silybum extract. Material and methods . The experiment was performed on 150 male Wistar rats, which were orally administered the fungicide thiram for 28 days, followed by antioxidant therapy. Morphofunctional changes in the mucosal epithelium and the cellular composition of the subepithelial layer were analyzed to assess the severity of inflammatory changes in histological preparations. Fibroblastic differon cells, macrophages and inflammatory cells of granulocytes and lymphocytes were differentiated by karyological signs, and the thickness of the epithelial layer, the areas occupied by the fibrous, vascular and cellular components were measured. Results . According to the results of the morphological and morphometric analysis, pathomorphological changes in the gum structure caused by pesticide intoxication were reliably proven. After the use of antioxidants, there was a significant decrease in inflammatory processes in non-resident cells, the number of blood vessels in the lamina propria, as well as interstitial edema in it. Reparative processes were manifested by the migration of fibroblastic cells, the initiation of collagenogenesis, and an increase in the fibrous component. Conclusion . Thus, the effect of using silybum extract and vitamin C as a means of normalizing the morphofunctional state of gum tissue after thiram intoxication has been shown.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"2677 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Colon Glial Cells in Experimental Desynchronosis","authors":"E. M. Luzikova, D. O. Sumbaev, E. K. Bakhman","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-33-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-33-40","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of exogenous and endogenous melatonin on GFAP and S-100 positive cells of the colon mucosa of rats kept under different lighting conditions was studied. The aim was to estimate the effect of melatonin on the structural and functional characteristics of colon glial cells in normal conditions and in experimental desynchronosis. Material and methods . The study was conducted on laboratory male Wistar rats (n=72), 2-months old, weighing 180–200 g, divided into 6 groups 12 rats in each. Group I consisted of animals treated in natural light conditions; Group II – rats treated in natural light conditions, receiving synthetic melatonin (Melaxen, Unipharm, Inc., USA) ad libitum at a concentration of 4 mg/l with drinking water; Group III – animals treated in constant darkness; Group IV – animals treated in constant darkness and received melatonin; Group V consisted of animals treated under constant lighting conditions; Group VI included rats treated in constant lighting conditions and received melatonin. Astrocytes were identified using an indirect immunohistochemical method using polyclonal antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (Dako, Germany 750 µg/ml) and protein S-100 (Spring Bio Science USA 1:300). Cells were counted using a Carl Zeiss Axio Scope A1 microscope at 400 magnification and SigmaScan Pro 5 software. Statistical processing was carried out using the MS Excel and Statistica 17 programs. Results. The number of GFAP positive cells decreased in groups III and V. Conditions II and VI resulted in a decrease in the number of gliocytes. In group IV, the administration of melatonin led to an increase in the number of studied cells. A significant increase in the optical density of GFAP in colon gliocytes was observed only when rats were treated under constant lighting conditions. The number of S-100 positive cells decreased in groups III and II. Conditions V and IV led to an increase in the number of S-100 positive cells. The optical density of S-100 does not depend on photoperiod. Conclusion. S-100B and GFAP positive glial cells of the colon respond both to changes in photoperiod and to the administration of exogenous melatonin. In particular, under constant dark conditions, the number of GFAP and S-100B positive cells decreases. The obtained data can be used in the elaboration of new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of intestinal diseases.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric Parameters of the Sphenoid Sinus with Different Types of Pneumatization and Nasal Cavity in Mature Men","authors":"A. A. Slavnov, D. A. Devyatirikov, I. N. Putalova, A. P. Suslo, A. N. Sapronova, V. A. Piannikova","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-79-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-79-85","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the availability of the relationship between the morphometric dimensions of the sphenoid sinus and the nasal cavity in mature men with different types of pneumatization of sinus shpenoidalis. Material and methods . A morphometric study of 25 skull cuts of mature men with a wound type of sinus pneumatization performed in the median plane was carried out. A morphometric template and ImageJ version 1.52u program were used to determine the height and longitudinal dimensions of the sinus, the length of the Zuckerkandl line, the thickness of the sinus walls along it, as well as a number of height and longitudinal dimensions of structures forming the walls of the nasal cavity. The Statistica 6.0 program was used for statistical processing. Results. Comparing the minimum height of the sphenoid sinus and the longitudinal dimensions of the middle nasal concha along the attachment line and along the free edge, the Spearman correlation coefficient has values of 0,57 and 0,44, respectively; when comparing the longitudinal dimensions of the sinus with the same indicators - 0,53 / 0,56 (for the maximum length of the sinus) and 0,46 / 0,45 (for the minimum); for the Zuckerkandl line, carried out to the anterior and posterior walls of the sinus, and the height of the piriform aperture - 0,73 and 0,63, respectively. Conclusion . Basically, regardless of the type of pneumatization of the sinus, its dimensions are not interrelated with the longitudinal and height dimensions of the nasal cavity. A significant moderate positive correlation is observed between the size of the sinus and the length of the middle nasal concha. This implies an interconnected increase in these sizes and, as a result, obtaining the greatest room for maneuver when conducting sinus probing along the Zuckerkandl line in the case of their maximum values.","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reparative and Inflammatory Changes in Wounds in Animals with Different Resistance to Hypoxia","authors":"M. A. Diatroptova, V. A. Mkhitarov, E. A. Ponomarenko, N. A. Zolotova, O. M. Ryabinina, O. V. Makarova","doi":"10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-26-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-26-32","url":null,"abstract":"Individual resistance to hypoxia largely determines the severity of inflammatory processes and, probably, can affect the regeneration of the skin wound. The aim was to study reparative and inflammatory changes in the wound in Wistar rats with different resistance to hypoxia. Material and methods . The study was performed on mature male Wistar rats weighing 300–350 g. Before the experiment, the resistance of animals to hypoxia was determined. Rats were classified as highly resistant to hypoxia (HR), in which the time to take a lateral position in the pressure chamber “at a height” of 11,500 m was more than 360 s (n=5), to low-resistant (LR) – less than 40 s (n=5). A full-thickness wound with a diameter of 16 mm was applied to the animals in the interscapular zone of the back. On the 7th day after the infliction of the wound, a histological and morphometric study was performed. The proliferative activity of cells in the granulation tissue of the wound was determined immunohistochemically using the Ki-67 marker. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the level of expression of the Hif-1α, Nf-κB, and Vegf genes. Results. It was shown that in rats with high resistance to hypoxia, the total number of cells and, among them, the number of inflammatory cells was higher than in rats with low resistance to hypoxia. However, the percentage of inflammatory cells in the compared groups did not differ significantly. Cell proliferative activity, as measured by the number of Ki-67 positive cells, was higher in rats with high resistance to hypoxia. In the granulation tissue of highly resistant to hypoxia rats, the expression of the Vegf gene was statistically significantly higher than in low-resistant animals, while there were no statistically significant differences in the level of expression of the Hif-1α, Nf-κB genes. Conclusion. In rats with high resistance to hypoxia, on the 7th day of healing of a full-thickness skin wound, reparative processes in it are more pronounced. In the horizontal layer of fibroblasts, there are more cells, among them inflammatory ones - histiocytes and macrophages, which is combined with a higher number of proliferating Ki-67 positive cells and the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf).","PeriodicalId":471925,"journal":{"name":"Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}