Journal of Empirical Legal Studies最新文献_第7页

Settlement schemas: How laypeople understand civil settlement 和解方案：普通人如何理解民事和解

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12360

Jennifer K. Robbennolt, Jessica Bregant, Verity Winship

引用次数: 0

Racial diversity and group decision-making in a mock jury experiment 模拟陪审团实验中的种族多样性和群体决策

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12352

引用次数: 0

Sudden lockdown repeals, social mobility, and COVID-19: Evidence from a judicial natural experiment 突然封锁废除、社会流动性和COVID - 19:来自司法自然实验的证据

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12348

Dhaval Dave, Andrew I. Friedson, Kyutaro Matsuzawa, Drew McNichols, Joseph J. Sabia

{"title":"Sudden lockdown repeals, social mobility, and COVID-19: Evidence from a judicial natural experiment","authors":"Dhaval Dave, Andrew I. Friedson, Kyutaro Matsuzawa, Drew McNichols, Joseph J. Sabia","doi":"10.1111/jels.12348","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jels.12348","url":null,"abstract":"The imposition and lifting of COVID-19 lockdown orders were among the most heatedly debated policies during the pandemic. Credible empirical evaluations of the effects of reopening policies are difficult because policymakers often explicitly linked sustained reductions in COVID-19 cases to the lifting of lockdown orders. This hardwired policy endogeneity creates challenges in isolating the causal effects of lifting of lockdown orders on social mobility and public health. To overcome simultaneity bias, we exploit a natural experiment generated by the Wisconsin Supreme Court when it abolished Wisconsin's “Safer at Home” order on separation-of-powers grounds. We capitalize on this sudden, dramatic, and largely unanticipated termination of a statewide lockdown order to estimate its effect—relative to a more gradual scaling back of restrictions—on social mobility and COVID-19 case growth. First, using anonymized smartphone data from SafeGraph and a synthetic control design, we find that termination of COVID-related restrictions had small and short-lived negative impacts on social distancing. Then, using data on case and mortality rates, we find no evidence that the Wisconsin Supreme Court decision impacted COVID-19 growth up to a month following the repeal. These findings suggest that in the absence of carrying new information, sudden lockdown repeals may generate smaller behavioral responses than policymakers anticipate.","PeriodicalId":47187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Empirical Legal Studies","volume":"20 2","pages":"272-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jels.12348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47617243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

How accurate are rebuttable presumptions of pretrial dangerousness? A natural experiment from New Mexico 可反驳的审前危险性推定的准确性如何？来自新墨西哥州的自然实验

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-23 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12351

Cristopher Moore, Elise Ferguson, Paul Guerin

{"title":"How accurate are rebuttable presumptions of pretrial dangerousness? A natural experiment from New Mexico","authors":"Cristopher Moore, Elise Ferguson, Paul Guerin","doi":"10.1111/jels.12351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12351","url":null,"abstract":"In New Mexico and many other jurisdictions, judges may detain defendants pretrial if the prosecutor proves, through clear and convincing evidence, that releasing them would pose a danger to the public. However, some policymakers argue that certain classes of defendants should have a “rebuttable presumption” of dangerousness, shifting the burden of proof to the defense. Using data on over 15,000 felony defendants who were released pretrial in a 4-year period in New Mexico, we measure how many of them would have been detained by various presumptions, and what fraction of these defendants in fact posed a danger in the sense that they were charged with a new crime during pretrial supervision. We consider presumptions based on the current charge, past convictions, past failures to appear, past violations of conditions of release, and combinations of these drawn from recent legislative proposals. We find that for all these criteria, at most 8% of the defendants they identify are charged pretrial with a new violent crime (felony or misdemeanor), and at most 5% are charged with a new violent felony. The false-positive rate, that is, the fraction of defendants these policies would detain who are not charged with any new crime pretrial, ranges from 71% to 90%. The broadest legislative proposals, such as detaining all defendants charged with a violent felony, are little more accurate than detaining a random sample of defendants released under the current system, and would jail 20 or more people to prevent a single violent felony. We also consider detention recommendations based on risk scores from the Arnold Public Safety Assessment (PSA). Among released defendants with the highest risk score and the “violence flag,” 7% are charged with a new violent felony and 71% are false positives. We conclude that these criteria for rebuttable presumptions do not accurately target dangerous defendants: they cast wide nets and recommend detention for many pretrial defendants who do not pose a danger to the public.","PeriodicalId":47187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Empirical Legal Studies","volume":"20 2","pages":"377-408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50153497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender, race, and job satisfaction of law graduates: Intersectional evidence from the National Survey of College Graduates 法律毕业生的性别、种族和工作满意度:来自全国大学毕业生调查的交叉证据

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12346

Joni Hersch

{"title":"Gender, race, and job satisfaction of law graduates: Intersectional evidence from the National Survey of College Graduates","authors":"Joni Hersch","doi":"10.1111/jels.12346","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jels.12346","url":null,"abstract":"Studies typically find that lawyers have high job satisfaction and that women are not less satisfied than are men. But racial differences as well as gender differences by race or ethnicity in satisfaction may be masked because most lawyers identify as racially White. To examine whether job satisfaction differs by race and whether gender and race/ethnicity have an intersectional relation to job satisfaction, I use data on nearly 13,000 law graduates drawn from six waves of the National Survey of College Graduates (NSCG) conducted between 2003 and 2019. The NSCG uniquely provides a large enough sample to examine intersectionality in job satisfaction of law graduates as well as to compare satisfaction of lawyers to those employed in other occupations. Job satisfaction is strikingly low among Black women and Asian women law graduates. Asian women lawyers have satisfaction similar to White men lawyers but substantially lower satisfaction if not employed as a lawyer. Black women have substantially lower satisfaction in either employment situation. The lower satisfaction of Asian and Black women law graduates is not due to differences in personal characteristics, family status or background, job characteristics, or differences in values.","PeriodicalId":47187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Empirical Legal Studies","volume":"20 2","pages":"339-376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42436055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An empirical analysis of sentencing of “Access to Information” computer crimes “获取信息”计算机犯罪量刑的实证分析

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12349

James T. Graves, Alessandro Acquisti

引用次数: 0

Can you trust your lawyer's call? Legal advisers exhibit myside bias resistant to debiasing interventions 你能相信你律师的电话吗？法律顾问对消除偏见的干预表现出自我偏见

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12350

Mihael A. Jeklic

{"title":"Can you trust your lawyer's call? Legal advisers exhibit myside bias resistant to debiasing interventions","authors":"Mihael A. Jeklic","doi":"10.1111/jels.12350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jels.12350","url":null,"abstract":"In a vast majority of disputes, settlement is superior to litigation, which involves uncertainty, legal fees, and opportunity cost. Unnecessary litigation also causes judicial backlog, wastes resources, and increases societal conflict. Major contributors to the lack of settlement are intransigent litigants who harbor overoptimistic predictions of litigation outcomes, even though they are looking at identical facts and applicable law. A study (N = 166) found significant myside bias in the participants' predictions of a judicial award (claimants' advisers expected awards that were 69% higher than defendants' advisers) and in their evaluation of arguments (both sides thought the arguments supporting their side were 30% more convincing than the arguments supporting their counterparty). Debiasing interventions—alerting to the myside bias, considering the perspective of the counterparty and dialectical bootstrapping—reduced the bias but did not eliminate it. Exploratory investigation indicated that a large proportion of advisers exhibited naïve realism and bias blind spot, and that cognitive reflection provided a limited measure of resistance to myside bias.","PeriodicalId":47187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Empirical Legal Studies","volume":"20 2","pages":"409-433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jels.12350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41886421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond republicans and the disapproval of regulations: A new empirical approach to the Congressional Review Act 超越共和党和对法规的反对:国会审查法案的新经验方法

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12347

Steven J. Balla, Bridget C. E. Dooling, Daniel R. Pérez

引用次数: 0

The distribution of in-person public K-12 education in the time of COVID: An empirical perspective 新冠疫情期间面对面公立K-12教育的分布：一个实证视角

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.1111/jels.12345

Michael Heise

{"title":"The distribution of in-person public K-12 education in the time of COVID: An empirical perspective","authors":"Michael Heise","doi":"10.1111/jels.12345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12345","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, most schools across the United States abruptly transitioned to remote, virtual learning in the spring of 2020. For the 2020–2021 school year, however, public school districts' instructional mode decisions (in-person, hybrid, and remote) varied across districts and throughout the school year. This study focuses on factors that informed school districts' instructional mode decisions and how student access to in-person instruction, in turn, distributed across districts and students (and their families). Levering the leading nationwide data set gathered by the COVID-19 School Data Hub (“CSDH”), supplemented by district per-pupil spending information as well as various state-level data, this study analyzes the percentage of in-person instruction for the 2020–2021 school year offered by 11,063 regular public school districts from 42 states. Core findings underscore that school districts with Republican governors and in rural areas provided comparably more in-person schooling. Conversely, school districts with higher enrollments and higher percentages of underrepresented minority students provided less. Furthermore, COVID-19-related death rates and the likelihood of in-person schooling were positively related. These findings, while mixed, nonetheless raise troubling equal educational opportunity doctrine questions.","PeriodicalId":47187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Empirical Legal Studies","volume":"20 2","pages":"305-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50154273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Export diversification and economic growth in Bangladesh 孟加拉国的出口多样化和经济增长

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.18488/66.v10i1.3291

M. Azam, Samiha Azam

{"title":"Export diversification and economic growth in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Azam, Samiha Azam","doi":"10.18488/66.v10i1.3291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/66.v10i1.3291","url":null,"abstract":"Although the growth in exports of Bangladesh over the past few decades has been exemplary, it is enormously concentrated on just one industry which is the Ready Made Garment (RMG) sector. This over dependence on just one sector for export earnings places Bangladesh in a vulnerable position. This study examined the relationship between export diversification and growth rate of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Bangladesh using annual data from 1995 to 2020. The study utilized the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test to cointegration approach to estimate the long run relationship and the error correction model to determine the existence of a short run relationship. The results from the study indicate that there exists a significant long run cointegrating relationship between overall export diversification and economic growth in Bangladesh. In the long term, if horizontal export diversification increases by 1%, the GDP growth rate shall rise by around 1.7%. Conversely, the short run relationship between export diversification and economic growth is proven to be insignificant. The results of this study implore that Bangladesh should implement strategies and policies that will diversify its exports and shift away from the dominance of just one exporting sector.","PeriodicalId":47187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Empirical Legal Studies","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80316832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0