Songlin Wu, Kurt O. Konhauser, Baodong Chen, Longbin Huang
{"title":"“Reactive Mineral Sink” drives soil organic matter dynamics and stabilization","authors":"Songlin Wu, Kurt O. Konhauser, Baodong Chen, Longbin Huang","doi":"10.1038/s44296-023-00003-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44296-023-00003-7","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive primary and secondary minerals play a critical role in the transformation and stabilization of organic matter (OM) in soil, a critical aspect that has been largely overlooked in existing literature. In this regard, we propose a new model known as the “reactive mineral sink” (RMS) to illustrate three primary mechanisms through which these minerals drive the bioprocessing, transformation, transport and stabilization of OM in soil. Firstly, from a biological perspective, reactive minerals influence enzymatic and microbial OM processing through binding enzymatic proteins or influencing the structure of microbial communities. Secondly, from a chemical standpoint, these minerals have the capacity to adsorb OM and/or coprecipitate with it, leading to a more diverse distribution of OM in the soil. This distribution, in turn, triggers OM transformation through chemical catalysis and redox reactions. Thirdly, on a physical level, reactive minerals have a substantial impact on soil architecture, aggregate dynamics, porosity development, and hydrological processes. These physical changes then affect the transport, reprocessing and stabilization of OM. The RMS model provides a conceptual framework that underscores the fundamental role of reactive minerals in driving the dynamics of OM and carbon (C) sequestration in natural soil. Furthermore, it promotes the restoration of soil biogeochemical processes and ecological resilience. We advocate for the implementation of strategies based on the RMS model to enhance the sequestration of organic C in soils for the purposes of rejuvenating soil health and mitigating CO2 emission.","PeriodicalId":471646,"journal":{"name":"npj Materials Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44296-023-00003-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138883482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boyuan Yu, Jianing Luo, Yi Shi, Mingming Zhao, Adam Fingrut, Lei Zhang
{"title":"Framework for sustainable building design and construction using off-cut wood","authors":"Boyuan Yu, Jianing Luo, Yi Shi, Mingming Zhao, Adam Fingrut, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44296-023-00002-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44296-023-00002-8","url":null,"abstract":"Irregularly shaped wood created as waste from construction is considered challenging to reuse because of its complicated geometry and a lack of well-defined design methods. Here, we propose a sustainable building design and construction framework as a systematic methodology for upcycling irregular off-cut wood into new components. This framework consists of repeatable steps, as follows: a. material reclamation system: 3D scanning is employed as the main technical method to record a material’s 3D information and material-specific parameters and create a database; b. structural generation and assessment system: material screening, voxel-based filling, and structure generation based on finite element analysis to employed to assess the generated results prior to construction to optimize the final structure. Using furniture, building components, and installations/buildings, we verify the use of this framework for material recycling and generative design and construction.","PeriodicalId":471646,"journal":{"name":"npj Materials Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44296-023-00002-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A digital solution framework for enabling electric vehicle battery circularity based on an ecosystem value optimization approach","authors":"Amit Kumar, Pierre Huyn, Ravigopal Vennelakanti","doi":"10.1038/s44296-023-00001-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44296-023-00001-9","url":null,"abstract":"A circular economy for batteries is crucial for building a sustainable battery value chain, as end-of-life electric vehicle batteries can be given a second life or valuable raw materials can be harvested to make new batteries. However, significant challenges remain in forecasting availability, predicting remaining value, minimizing reverse logistics costs, and maximizing value recovery from end-of-life batteries. Here we devise an ecosystem value optimization approach powered by a digital solution framework, consisting of innovative analytical models and a trusted data platform, to optimize five key value drivers for battery circularity—safety, regulatory compliance, carbon footprint reduction, quality, and financials. The envisioned solution can help reduce average transportation costs of end-of-life batteries by 11% to 44% compared to current shipping practices, estimate battery health with error rates less than 1%, and improve value recovery by 52% to 60% by routing batteries with good health to second-life application providers.","PeriodicalId":471646,"journal":{"name":"npj Materials Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44296-023-00001-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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