Medical Devices-Evidence and Research最新文献

{"title":"Ocular VEMP Using Bone Conduction Stimuli at the Forehead - A Pilot Study Comparing B250, Minishaker and Tendon Hammer with Vibrometry Validation.","authors":"Bo E V Håkansson, Karl-Johan Fredén Jansson, Luca Verrecchia, Zheer Tawfique, Laura Froehlich, Julia Dlugaiczyk, Torsten Rahne, Måns Eeg-Olofsson, Emil Håkansson, Sabine Reinfeldt","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S560014","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S560014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone-conduction stimuli in oVEMP testing offer lower stimulus levels and independence of conductive hearing loss but lack a clinically suitable transducer for excitation. A new bone-conduction transducer (B250) has been developed which is easy to attach and can be directly connected to test stations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare, in a pilot investigation B250, Minishaker and Tendon hammer excitation, used for oVEMP and mastoid vibration measurements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>oVEMPs in three subjects were measured using transducers driven by a 250 Hz condensation single sinus cycle and with a Tendon hammer, all applied at forehead Fz/AFz. Corresponding mastoid velocity was measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>B250 and Minishaker often produced dual oVEMP peaks with an early n1 (mean latency: 8.8 ms) and a late n2 response (B250: 12.4/Minishaker: 13.3 ms), and with the Tendon hammer response in between. This finding was supported by a reinvestigation of a previous study (n=15). LDV velocity shows several positive peaks for B250 and one positive peak for the Minishaker. The acceleration response has two peaks 4 ms apart for both transducers, which seem to relate to the early and late oVEMP latencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>B250 may serve as a potential alternative, pending validation in larger samples, to the Minishaker at the forehead, but with care to polarity choice and latency interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"560014"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12912185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Design and Development of a Novel Device that Converts a Patient-Controlled Intravenous Pump into an Oral Liquid Medication Dispenser for Non-Controlled Substances.","authors":"Taj El-Khalili, Lara Varma, Karley Yanlam Yung, Jinlei Li, Daniel Wiznia","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S582446","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S582446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Timely administration of oral medications is a significant inpatient challenge, particularly in the context of postoperative pain management with limited nursing resources. Delays in delivering non-opioid analgesics, such as acetaminophen, can result in poorly controlled pain and increased opioid use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this gap, we developed the Patient-Controlled Oral Liquid Dispenser (P-COLD), a novel bedside device that enables patients to self-administer non-controlled liquid medications within programmable safety parameters. The system integrates a hospital-grade intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump into a secure, 3D-printed housing that delivers precise doses of medication into a bedside cup upon patient request.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The P-COLD was validated through laboratory testing and simulated-use evaluations without deployment in clinical patient care. Dose accuracy testing demonstrated consistent delivery within ±5% of target volume. Simulated usability testing with healthy volunteers confirmed reliable patient operation with minimal instruction. Nursing staff successfully completed training and setup protocols, and time-motion analyses indicated potential reductions in workflow interruptions and nursing burden during as-needed (PRN) medication delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The P-COLD was designed to enable patient-initiated delivery of non-controlled oral liquid medications without IV access and without requiring nurse presence at the bedside for each dose. Validation testing in the laboratory and through simulated use demonstrated accurate dosing, reliable usability, and favorable simulated workflow performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"582446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12912084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a Sprayable Hydrogel for Surgical Adhesion Prevention in Rat and Rabbit Models.","authors":"Lauren A Costella, Kate Johnson, Rick Hassan, Mario Villani, Rosanna Villani, Christopher K Tison","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S574967","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S574967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of a sprayable adhesion barrier in the prevention of postoperative adhesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Established rat and rabbit models of abdominal adhesion formation were used to evaluate AeroVeil efficacy. First, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to untreated control, Seprafilm-treated, or AeroVeil-treated test groups. Defects were created on abdominal wall and cecum surfaces, with sutures around the injury perimeter to increase the likelihood of adhesion formation. Treated animals were sprayed with recommended AeroVeil dosing over both injured surfaces; a Seprafilm sheet was placed between the two injured surfaces; control animals received no treatment. Additionally, AeroVeil application was compared to untreated controls in 24 New Zealand White rabbits. The abdominal wall and cecum surfaces were abraded to induce adhesion formation. AeroVeil animals were treated with the recommended product dose over both injured tissue sites; control animals were closed without treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence, extent, and severity of postoperative adhesion formation were measured by blinded veterinary surgeons at 7 or 28 days. In the rat model, control animals formed adhesions between the cecum and abdominal wall injury sites in 7 of 8 animals. Incidence of this primary adhesion significantly reduced (p < 0.05) to 1 of 8 in Seprafilm-treated animals and 0 of 7 in AeroVeil treated animals, with similarly significant reduction in the extent and severity scores. In the rabbit model, application of AeroVeil decreased the incidence of adhesion formation, with a statistically significant decrease in total adhesion score across all tissue groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AeroVeil application reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative adhesion formation in two different animal models, with results in the rat model directly compared to an established clinical control (Seprafilm). These findings justify further investigation of AeroVeil in expanded animal models to facilitate clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"574967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12911950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple-to-Fabricate and Water-Stable Instrument Markers for Preclinical Magnetic Particle Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.","authors":"Franz Wegner, Paul Rasmus Bielenberg, Thomas Friedrich, Eric Aderhold, Pascal Stagge, Jonas Schumacher, Justin Ackers, Mandy Ahlborg, Annika C Dell, Ankit Malhotra, Matthias Graeser, Maria-Josephina Buhné, Malte Maria Sieren, Martin A Koch, Julian Haegele, Roman Kloeckner, Thorsten M Buzug, Jörg Barkhausen, Kerstin Lüdtke-Buzug","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S574399","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S574399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a tracer-based imaging modality with high spatial and temporal resolution, very promising for cardiovascular imaging and peri-interventional guidance. However, most interventional instruments are invisible in MPI due to a lack of signal generation. Existing instrument marking approaches do not address water durability, which is essential for maintaining temporal consistency during experiments. This study aims to develop a simple and water-stable marking technique with smooth surfaces for interventional devices for preclinical MPI and MRI research.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Commercial superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were mixed with a transparent varnish and applied to nitinol stents via dip-coating. An impregnation solution was used to seal the markers. The coating was optically evaluated by microscopy. The water-stability of the markers was assessed after 24 hours in water by Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy (MPS) of the surrounding fluid. The imaging performance of the markers was tested in preclinical MPI and MRI systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microscopy showed homogeneous SPION distribution and smooth marker surfaces after the sealing. MPS revealed no detectable signal of the water which surrounded the sealed markers, indicating their water-stability. The MPI-scans demonstrated sufficient visualization of individual markers at the stent ends (SNR=11.5). In MRI, susceptibility artefacts of the marked stents were 4.6 times larger compared to unmarked references.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presented technique allows for easy fabrication of instrument markers with commercially available components for preclinical experiments with the magnetic imaging modalities MPI and MRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"574399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12911944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Benchtop Evaluation of Cervical Collar Design and Strap Tension.","authors":"Laurence Jeppe Russell, Liudi Jiang, Davide Filingeri, Peter R Worsley","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S541594","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S541594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents a novel experimental setup for objectively evaluating cervical collar design and fit by monitoring strap tension and interface pressures across the device-skin interface. This study evaluated four commercially available cervical collars, achieving repeatable findings (ICC > 0.93) that were sensitive to differences between collars and across strap tensions. For each collar, there was a significant relationship (r > 0.4, p < 0.005) between strap tension and interface pressure values, with pressures exceeding 100 mmHg for high strap tensions. Differences in the distribution of pressures and the relationship between strap tension and interface pressures highlight the need for these objective measures of design and fit for cervical collars to evaluate new and existing designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"541594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13021561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of the Bouquet Speculum and Traditional Two-Blade Speculum in Medical Student Training for Female Gynecological Exams.","authors":"Cassandra Brown, Shivani Dixit, Jennifer Gaide","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S556660","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S556660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to compare the Bouquet Speculum™ to a traditional two-blade speculum on a complex-anatomy vaginal task among preclinical medical students. The novel task trainer was designed and created to simulate obese anatomy for the complicated speculum exam. This study was conducted at Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine in Parker, Colorado.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A novel vaginal model simulating anatomy that is prone to lateral wall collapse was used to compare the speed and preference of a traditional two-blade vaginal speculum to the Bouquet speculum™ among first and second-year medical students (n=47) in a randomized crossover study. Students performed an endometrial biopsy, and quantitative and qualitative measures were recorded including time, speculum preference, difficulty, and confidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students successfully placed the endometrial biopsy pipelle faster using the Bouquet speculum™ compared to the traditional two-blade speculum (p < 0.0001). Students self-reported confidence level was significantly associated with faster times, regardless of the speculum used (p=0.0043).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Bouquet Speculum™ significantly reduces the time to completion of an endometrial biopsy performed on a novel vaginal model simulating obese anatomy compared to the traditional two-blade speculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"556660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12794563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile Application for Visualization and Analysis of Impedance Cardiography Signals.","authors":"Milena Natalia Chołuj, Bartosz Tomasz Śmigielski, Gerard Cybulski","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S538764","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S538764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bioimpedance measurement is a noninvasive diagnostic method that enables the assessment of the condition of internal organs and their activity by recording changes in impedance of the examined body area. One of the bioimpedance techniques that allows the evaluation of cardiac mechanical activity, including the estimation of stroke volume, is impedance cardiography (ICG).</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this project was to create a computer program written in widespread Java, a versatile language, valued for its reliability, scalability, and built-in features that optimize application performance. The application dedicated to mobile devices, written using the Android Studio environment, enables visualization of ICG signals simultaneously with one channel of electrocardiographic signal (ECG) and allows the preliminary analysis of basic hemodynamic parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The signal analysis included determination of heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and left ventricular ejection time (LVET).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The program allows the user the quick visual check of the recorded signal quality, browse the traces and manually select the characteristic points on the ECG and ICG waveforms, which are then used to calculate the ICG-derived cardiac parameters. It may be used to visualize ECG and ICG signals by anyone, who could enter ICG data formatted in three text columns where each row reflects a sample of ECG, first derivative of ICG signal (dz/dt) and basic impedance (Z0).</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"615-625"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12679932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear of Femoral Head Taper Connections of Contemporary Total Hip Prostheses: An Experimental Study.","authors":"Margarida Ribeiro de Sousa, Perttu S Neuvonen, Vesa Saikko","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S552499","DOIUrl":"10.2147/MDER.S552499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Progress in the design of total hip prostheses has enhanced the long-term results of total hip arthroplasty. However, recent clinical failures have raised concerns regarding the long-term performance of taper connections. Issues at the taper connection of the femoral head can lead to implant failure and revision surgery. There is scarcity of published studies on the wear performance of contemporary femoral head taper connections in carefully controlled laboratory tests. This work aims to help remedy this shortcoming.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised dynamic load frame tests and multidirectional hip joint simulator tests for two contemporary prosthesis designs with titanium alloy femoral stems and CoCr and zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) femoral heads of 36 mm diameter and medium neck length against vitamin E stabilized, highly cross-linked polyethylene liners (n = 3). Worn surfaces were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wear was more prominent in the inferior and distal parts of the CoCr head tapers, and these regions aligned with those of the trunnions that showed most wear. Wear marks on CoCr heads were relatively mild, indicative of fretting due to micromotion. Material displacement occurred locally without dislodged debris. ZTA heads mainly showed titanium transfer by adhesive wear. ZTA femoral heads outperformed CoCr heads regarding wear resistance and surface stability. The 12/14 tapers showed more pronounced wear and surface modifications compared with Type 1 tapers. EDX analysis confirmed the absence of adhesion between CoCr and Ti alloy, and increased oxygen percentage on worn regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The wear marks were mild. No serious damage was observed. The wear behavior of the taper connections appeared satisfactory, and not a cause for concern in the short term.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"595-613"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12676789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance of Blow-by Method Using Pediatric Non-Rebreathing Mask for Oxygen Delivery During Transport of Pediatric Patients: A Laboratory Study.","authors":"Peerapong Sangsungnern, Saran Thanharak, Sarinya Chanthawong, Suparit Silarat, Thitinuch Ruenhunsa, Chanapat Charoensuk","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S565302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/MDER.S565302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The blow-by method using a pediatric non-rebreathing mask (PNRM) is commonly employed to maintain oxygenation during transport of pediatric patients after general anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the blow-by method using a PNRM with an oxygen flow rate of 10 liters per minute (LPM) during simulated transport of pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This laboratory study was simulated along a 32-meter corridor from the pediatric operating room to the post-anesthesia care unit at Srinagarind Hospital. A pediatric mannequin was positioned laterally on a transport trolley. A PNRM delivering oxygen at 10 LPM was placed at distances of 0, 5, and 10 cm from the mannequin's nose. The fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) at the mannequin's nose was measured every 2 meters along the corridor. Each distance condition was tested 10 times. The primary outcome was whether the blow-by method could maintain FiO₂ above 40% at all measurement points during simulated patient transport.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oxygen delivery was adequate only when the PNRM was placed at 0 cm from the nose, with a mean FiO₂ of 86.9 ± 0.3%, In contrast the mean FiO₂ values at 5 and 10 cm was 28.5 ± 0.3%, and 24.1 ± 0.1%, respectively. The mean FiO₂ difference between 0 and 5 cm was 58.4% (95% CI: 56.8-60.1; p < 0.001), and between 0 and 10 cm was 62.8% (95% CI: 61.5-64.1; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The blow-by method using PNRM positioned at 0 cm from pediatric mannequin's nose provided adequate oxygenation throughout transport. Clinically, therefore, maintaining a close PNRM position is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"573-578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145641060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Balance Tracking System (BTrackS) for Postural Control Assessment/Training - a Decade of Research.","authors":"Daniel J Goble, Harsimran S Baweja, Joshua L Haworth","doi":"10.2147/MDER.S560337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/MDER.S560337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Balance Tracking System (BTrackS) is a medical device developed over a decade ago as a low-cost and portable solution to expensive and cumbersome force plate balance measurement instruments. Consisting of the BTrackS Balance Plate and Assess Balance software, this technology is now employed worldwide by thousands of practitioners. An evidence base of more than 80 research studies had been published using BTrackS technology. This includes the positive establishment of device/protocol validity and reliability, normative data, as well as translational work comparing balance amongst a variety of sample populations. In addition, BTrackS has been successfully used for both evaluating the efficacy of balance interventions, manipulations, and devices, including several BTrackS bio-feedback-based training protocols themselves. The present narrative review compiles and summarizes this research in single source as a repository for BTrackS practitioners, and as a guide for informing future research efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47140,"journal":{"name":"Medical Devices-Evidence and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"579-593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}