Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Adverse Reactions Post-immunization of COVID-19 Vaccines in People Vaccinated from June 2021 to March 2022 in Ouagadougou","authors":"Ismaël Diallo, Abdoulaye Sawadogo, Gafourou Arsène Ouédraogo, Smaïla Ouédraogo, E. Diendéré, Jacques Zoungrana, Réné Bognounou, M. Savadogo, A. Sondo","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1325","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To study post-immunization adverse effects of Covid-19 vaccines in people vaccinated from June 14, 2021 to March 13, 2022 at the vaccination center of University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo. \u0000Study Design: Our study was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, from June 14, 2021 to March 13, 2022 at CHU-YO. \u0000Methodology: To identify the factors associated with the occurrence of post-immunization adverse events, we used univariate binary logistic regression and a threshold of p < 0.2 was used for inclusion in the multivariate analysis. The significance threshold was then 0.05. We have obtained authorization to use the data from the ethics committee. \u0000Results: A total of 646 people were included. The mean age was 49.84 years [18 - 78 years]. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.73. Health workers accounted for 32.2% of those vaccinated. Hypertension, allergy and diabetes were the most frequently reported medical conditions in 15.2%, 10.4% and 6.7% of those vaccinated respectively. Four hundred and forty-eight 448 (69.3%) presented at least one post-immunization adverse effects, of which 446 (99.6%) were minor and 2 (0.4%) major. Pain at the injection site, headache and fever accounted for 87.4%, 82.6% and 67.8% of cases respectively. The two major post-immunization adverse effects were anaphylactic shock and hemiparesis.  In the majority of cases, post-immunization adverse effects occurred within 48 h of COVID-19 vaccination. Healthcare workers and history of allergy were statistically associated with the occurrence of post-immunization adverse effects. \u0000Conclusion: We need to study the post-immunization adverse effects associated with COVID-19 vaccines, in order to increase the population's adherence to the vaccine and better combat this Coronavirus pandemic.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"135 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139604584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Communities and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Aerobic Bacteria Associated with the Vaginal Microbiota: A Retrospective Study in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"Chidi L. C. Ndukwu","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1324","url":null,"abstract":"The vaginal microbiota, unlike some other sites such as the intestinal microbiota is a less diversified micro-ecosystem; dominated normally by Lactobacilli which play specific important roles in the wellbeing of the vagina and the female person. Dysbiosis or the loss of Lactobacilli dominance results in ecological shift that leads to a number of conditions such as proliferation of intestinal aerobic bacteria leading to aerobic vaginitis and such other disease conditions. In this retrospective cross sectional descriptive study, laboratory records of microscopy, culture and susceptibility analysis of high vaginal swabs (HVS) and other relevant data were reviewed to synthesize information relating to the microbial community and antimicrobial resistance among aerobic bacteria. Out of 790 specimens examined, microbial growths were observed in 596 (75.4%); dominated by fungi (Candida spp), 485 (68.3%), followed by aerobic bacteria, 223(31.4%) and protozoa (Trichomonas), 2 (0.3%). The bacterial population was dominated by Escherichia coli  98 (44.0%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis 55 (24.7%), Staphylococcus aureus 41 (18.4%), Proteus mirabilis 10(4.5%), Streptococcus agalactiae 9 (4.0%), Klebsiella pnumoniae 5 (2.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10 (4.5%). Gram negative bacteria constitutes 118 (52.9%), while gram positive are 105 (47.1%) The cumulative antimicrobial resistance profile of the 223 bacterial strains tested against 10 antimicrobial agents was 55.5%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant bacteria by showing resistance against 62% of the test antimicrobial agents, followed by Klebsiella pnumoniae, 58%, Escherichia coli, 54.1%, Staphylocuccus aureus, 51.0%, Proteus mirabilis, 51.0%. Enterocuccus faecalis, 48.4% and Streptococcus agalactiae 38.9%. This study has contributed in ascertaining the prevalence of bacterial and other associated organisms of the vaginal microbiota, and also unraveled the different aerobic bacterial species together with their antimicrobial resistance patterns; which will be found valuable in treatment of associated infections.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139607122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Literature on Transferrin: Deciphering its Complex Mechanism in Cellular Iron Regulation and Clinical Implications","authors":"Nneka Damola Ajayi, Samson Abidemi Ajayi, Oluseun Babatunde Oladoyinbo, O. O. Olaniyi","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1321","url":null,"abstract":"Iron is a crucial constituent in cellular metabolism, playing a pivotal role in numerous enzymatic activities that are required for the maintenance of life. However, the lack of regulation in iron levels can lead to cellular damage through the Fenton reaction, which produces reactive oxygen species. Transferrin which is a glycoprotein functions crucially in contributing significantly to the movement of iron in biological systems. The polypeptide chain of transferrin, which is made of 700 amino acids, has a crucial role in iron binding and delivery. Transferrin has different N and C lobes that contribute to its exceptional attributes. In this paper, we looked at several aspects of transferrin which were explored, especially its diverse forms, characteristic structures, synthesis mechanisms, and metabolic functions. Various proteins, including lactoferrin, melanotransferrin, serum transferrin, and ovotransferrin, take part in regulating the transportation of iron and the prevention of iron homeostasis in vertebrates. We also explored the role of transferrin in various metabolic processes, which includes its activation of macrophages, antimicrobial attributes, and participation in immunological responses. A detailed assessment of the chemical attributes of transferrin provides useful information about its amino acid constituent, arrangement, and bonds with a broad spectrum of metal ions. This paper delves into taking part in scholarly reviews that address the therapeutic relevance of transferrin, stressing its function as a marker for diagnosing iron deficiency as well as its implications in health conditions such as hemochromatosis and atransferrinemia. This detailed assessment of transferrin that this paper presents makes a renowned development in how we understand its complex mechanisms, thus enhancing how we comprehend iron regulations in cells and how it implies both health and disease.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"33 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139441519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Serotypes of Group A Rotavirus Identified in the Faeces of Children Aged 0-56 Months with Gastroenteritis","authors":"I. Tondé, D. Kambire, A. Ky-Ba, D. C. Drabo, M. T. Gampiné, J. Tranchot-Diallo, H. Savadogo, M. Tamboura, M. Kam, M. Sanou, A. S. Ouédraogo, I. Sanou, L. Sangaré, R. Ouédraogo-Traoré","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i1320","url":null,"abstract":"Gastroenteritis is a public health problem in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. The introduction of the RotaShield rotavirus vaccine in the early 1980s had the side-effect of causing acute intestinal invaginations, which led to the introduction of surveillance. The aim of this study is to review the serotypes of rotavirus identified. This retrospective study consisted in collecting data on group A rotavirus serotypes identified from stool samples using a rapid diagnostic test, confirmed by an ELISA test and then serotyped by real-time multiplex RT-PCR. A total of 840 suspect stools were collected between December 2013 and December 2017. Confirmed cases represented an average of 37.7%. Genotyping identified the P6(59.6%) and P8(40.4%) types of the P genotype in the VP4 genotype and G12 which predominates with 66% in the VP7 genotype followed by G3 23.4%. The genotypes most involved in gastroenteritis are serotypes P6 and P8 of the P genotype and serotypes G1, G2, G3, G9 and G12 of the G genotype in this study showed that.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139448471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Malaria and Risk Factors for Death in the Infectious Diseases Department of the University Hospital of Fann in Dakar, Senegal","authors":"V. M. P. Cisse, Khardiata Diallo Mbaye, A. S. Badiane, Malado Diallo, Moustapha Diop, Ndeye Aissatou Lakhe, N. Fall, Assane Diouf, Aminata Massaly, Daye Ka, L. Fortes, Sylvie Audrey Diop, Moussa Seydi","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2023/v14i4311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2023/v14i4311","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and outcome aspects of severe malaria and to determine the risk factors for death. \u0000Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study of patients treated for severe malaria at the infectious and tropical diseases department of the University Hospital center of Fann between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2021. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for death  \u0000Results: During our study, 138 patients were hospitalized for severe malaria over a period of 3 years, with a peak in the months of october and november. They were mostly from urban areas (68.11%). The average consultation time was 6.7 days ± 7.1 days. There was a clear male predominance, with a sex ratio of 3.18. The average age of patients was 33.96 ± 17 years. The main signs of clinical severity were coma (44.2%), prostration (36.95%) and jaundice (61.5%). Biological signs included anaemia (14.49%) and renal failure (9.42%). Severe malaria was associated with SARS Cov 2 infection in 4 patients. All patients were treated with injectable artesunate. The average length of hospitalization was 6 ± 6 days. Case fatality was 10.7. In multivariate analysis, coma (ORa =12.29 IC95%: 2.0 - 73.22 P=0.006) and severe anaemia (ORa=27.16 IC95%: 3.4 - 217.18 P=0.006) were risk factors associated with death. \u0000Conclusion: Early recognition of the signs of seriousness and their early management thanks to improved technical facilities in intensive care units can improve the prognosis of patients.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138600505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and Management of Pyogenic Liver Abscess: A Rural Senegalese Experience","authors":"Agbogbenkou Tevi Déla Lawson, Daouda Thioub, Ndiaga Mbengue, Ndèye Amy Sarr, Papa Souleymane Toure, Papa Abdoulaye B. A., Sylvie Audrey Diop","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2023/v14i4310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2023/v14i4310","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) has increased in recent years with the development of digestive surgery, particularly hepatobiliary surgery. In recent decades, progress in diagnostic techniques have improved patient prognosis. In Senegal, there are few studies of PLA. This study was carried out within this context. \u0000Objective: The main objective was to describe the profile and the management of pyogenic liver abscesses cases in rural Senegal. \u0000Results: We collected 17 cases of PLA among 47.553 patients, during the study period, representing a hospital frequency of 0.035%. The mean age of patients was 48.6 ±  18.9. The sex ratio (M/F) was 2:4. Most of the patients (58.82%) had at least one risk factor, the main ones being smoking, a history of abdominal surgery and alcoholism. Right upper abdominal pain was the main reason for consultation (94.11%). Right basithoracic pain and cough were the most frequent respiratory symptoms. Escherichia coli remained the most frequently isolated bacteria. The mean time to diagnosis was 17.8 days ± 14.4. All patients received antibiotic therapy, which was combined with echo-guided liver aspiration in 58.82% cases. Mean hospital stay was 17.5 days ± 7.65. The hospital lethality rate was 29.41%. \u0000Conclusion: Liver abscesses are most often of amoebic origin in our context, but in recent years there has been an increase in cases of pyogenic liver abscesses, with the progress made in diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological Survey of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (Sars-Cov-2) among Frontline Health Workers in Northwest Nigeria","authors":"Halima Haladu, T. Oloyede, Abdallah Sanda, Naimat A. T. Abdullahi, Suleiman Medinat, Suleiman Jemila Umar, Raliyatu Aliyu Habibu, Mujittaba Isyaku Mashi, Ibrahim Salisu, Idris Mohammed, Suleiman Bello Mohammed, Gbadamosi Hakeem, Ibrahim Bashir, T. Oloyede","doi":"10.9734/ajrid/2023/v14i4309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2023/v14i4309","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Serological testing of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG/IgM antibodies is an important complement to Real Time-PCR (RT-PCR) for surveillance and outbreak investigations. The study therefore aimed to assess the serological survey of SARS-COV-2 among frontline health workers using specific IgG/IgM antibodies. \u0000Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain biodata. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used for the study in which samples reacted with COVID-19 antigen-coated particles in the test cassette and the complex formed produced readable bands indicating the presence of SARS-COV19 in the tested subject. Data obtained were analyzed using Stata v15. \u0000Results: The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among the study sample was 39.0% and 14.9% for IgG and IgM respectively. Prevalence was highest in the outpatient department (IgG; 70.0%, IgM; 17.1%). IgG positivity was observed more among doctors while positivity for IgG was seen in 78.6% of persons with previous diagnoses. IgM was significantly associated with contact with patients having shortness of breath, p-value < 0.05. \u0000Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high level of SARS-COV19 IgG indicating past infection and IgM suggesting recent exposure or ongoing infection among this group of workers compared to others within the hospital settings. The role of serological testing cannot be over-emphasized in the periodic screening and prompt treatment of health workers before they manifest symptoms or become capable of spreading the disease to innocent patients and or co-health workers.","PeriodicalId":470403,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases","volume":"119 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}