Journal of Linguistics最新文献

{"title":"Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, R.M.W. Dixon and Nerida Jarkey (eds.), The integration of language and society: A cross-linguistic typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021. 408 pages","authors":"Neil Myler","doi":"10.1017/S0022226722000500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226722000500","url":null,"abstract":"This volume brings together papers based on presentations originally given by the various contributors at the 2019 workshop ‘The Integration of Language and Society’. There are some construals of the phrase ‘the integration of language and society’ which are completely uncontroversial. One is the idea that social factors are the driving force for much of the systematic variability found in language use, which in turn largely accounts for the spread of variants in language change. Another is that societal changes—newly established contact with speakers of another language, the creation of new technologies, the abandonment of old ones, the advent of previously undreamt of and thus hitherto unnamed concepts, and suchlike—can lead to the rise of new lexical items and the obsolescence of others. Over time, the accretion of such changes can leave unmistakable societal imprints on a language’s lexicon. Linguists do not, it seems to me, differ on whether there is ‘integration of language and society’when it comes to suchmatters. They differ only in their level of professional interest in these topics as opposed to others. The volume under review seems to set out to argue for some rather more contentious types of integration, however. This is visible in the inside front cover, where we read that ‘The volume explores the interaction of language and society as reflected in the grammar of a language. Each language bears an imprint of the society that speaks it [...] The findings advance our understanding of how nonlinguistic traits have their correlates in language, and how these [correlates in language—NM] change when society changes’ (emphasis mine). While this quotation seems to emphasise social and cultural influence on grammar, elsewhere, it is made clear that the editors regard the flow of influence to be bi-directional. As the editors put it: ‘Language and society are closely integrated and mutually supportive (rather than one being dependent on the other) [...]’ (2). In the rest of this review, I will first present a chapter-by-chapter overview, before returning to the key question of the integration of language and society, and the levels at which such integration holds.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"215 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48183054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gita Martohardjono & Suzanne Flynn (eds.). Language in Development: A Crosslinguistic Perspective. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2021. Pp. xi + 346.","authors":"Daniil M. Ozernyi","doi":"10.1017/S0022226722000524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226722000524","url":null,"abstract":"Language in Development: A Crosslinguistic Perspective (LD) is a volume honouring Barbara Lust, whose work spans the subfields of first and second language acquisition, research methodology, work with the hearing impaired, aphasia etc. Scholarly work like Lust’s, which is truly cross-linguistic sensu incorporation of diverse intra-linguistic but cross-subfield perspectives, is exigent in modern linguistics, where the subfields grow increasingly oblivious to the existence of other subfields. As such, second language acquisitionists will benefit from attending to what is going on with merge and phases; conversely, syntacticians will find that acquisition might be helpful in their debates on multidominance and antilocality. In such an environment, where a nascent science like linguistics faces crossroads, it is vital to sustain the value of convergence and a holistic approach. LD celebrates just that. In what follows, I overview the book and comment on select papers in the edited volume. Out of 13 chapters, omitted are those by Virginia Valian, Christina Dye & Claire Foley and Maria Blume.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"219 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47245582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Margaret Thomas Formalism and Functionalism in Linguistics: The Engineer and the Collector. New York: Routledge, 2020. Pp. viii + 118.","authors":"J. Subbiondo","doi":"10.1017/S0022226722000512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226722000512","url":null,"abstract":"early language changes in Alzheimer’s disease and offer an important methodological point to bear in mind for clinical research: the former can inform the latter in valuable ways. The methodologies used in first language acquisition studies are entirely applicable for studies of subjects with mild cognitive impairment, to which their experiments investigating free relatives, ellipsis in coordinate sentences, etc., richly attest. The cross-discipline applications that open the horizons of new insight are inspiring, and S&F’s ingenuity in driving them is admirable. Despite the critiques above, the volume achieves what it sets out to achieve: under a common theme of language development, studies from different areas of linguistics are combined and made mutually relevant. Semantics, syntax, processing, L1/L2/heritage/bilingual acquisition, methodology, clinical linguistics all come together in an overall successful attempt at a cross-linguistic volume in the spirit of Barbara Lust! I stand staunchly with Martohardjono and Flynn in advocating for cross-field cooperation, and I see enormous benefits in future work, the objective of which is to point out different, bracing, unconventional, not immediately observable perspectives on — for some old, and for some new — phenomena. In fact, I think this is the only way forward.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"223 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45726195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factivity and complementizer omission in English embedded gapping","authors":"Gabriela Bîlbîie, Israel de la Fuente, Abeillé","doi":"10.1017/S0022226722000445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226722000445","url":null,"abstract":"Taking as a starting point the variation in introspective judgments on embedded gapping in English in the literature, the main goal of this paper is to test the ‘No Embedding Constraint’ experimentally. Building on a first experimental study designed to measure the interaction between that-omission and factivity in English embedded complement clauses, we conducted two experiments testing the role of the complementizer in embedded gapping, paying special attention to the semantic nature of the matrix predicates (non-factives vs semi-factives vs true factives). Our results show, on the one hand, that the ‘No Embedding Constraint’ makes too strong claims that are not backed up by our experimental findings, and, on the other hand, that embedded gapping is affected by both the presence/absence of that and by the semantic class of the matrix predicate in English. In particular, embedded gapping seems to be more acceptable under non-factive verbs, especially in the absence of a complementizer. Both constraints (that-omission and factivity) can be accounted for by a constructionist fragment-based analysis, where the gapped clause is a non-finite phrase that has to address the same Question Under Discussion as its source. This explains, in turn, why embedded gapping under true factive predicates is considered significantly less acceptable. We show that the acceptable cases of embedded gapping involve true syntactic embedding (so, the matrix clause has no parenthetical use). We conclude that English has the same sensitivity to the semantic class of the matrix predicate as other languages, but that the requirements on the presence/absence of that are English specific.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"389 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49622538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recomplementation as a paratactic phenomenon: Evidence from Spanish and English","authors":"J. Villa-García, D. Ott","doi":"10.1017/s0022226722000433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022226722000433","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a variety of empirical arguments in favor of a paratactic account of recomplementation constructions, in which a left-dislocated element appears in between two complementizers. Contrary to integrated analyses assuming Complementizer Phrase (CP) recursion or Rizzi’s split periphery, we assume that the dislocated phrase is structurally independent from the embedded clause it precedes, which in turn is an elliptical sentence fragment. The juxtaposed fragmentary sentences are linked by the doubled complementizer, which serves to overtly flag a ‘restart’ in discourse. We show that this account makes a range of welcome predictions while sidestepping non-trivial problems that arise for integrated/cartographic analyses, which assume that dislocated XPs are in left-peripheral positions (such as Spec-TopicP) and that the doubled complementizer spells out Topic0. A further advantage of the approach is that it provides a handle on recomplementation constructions beyond the core cases involving left-dislocation, which reduce to a mere subcase of the general phenomenon of elliptical ‘restarts’ in discourse.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47021275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metrical strength in Persian poetic metres","authors":"Mohsen MAHDAVI MAZDEH","doi":"10.1017/S0022226722000482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226722000482","url":null,"abstract":"In determining the metrical structure of quantitative poetic metres, heavy (i.e. long) syllables are usually associated with metrically strong positions. In this study, examining the case of Persian metres, I argue that the metres must be treated as temporal patterns in music, where research on rhythm perception has shown that the metrical strength of an event is not directly determined by the inter-onset interval following it but sensitive to the overall arrangement of the attack points. To identify metrically strong positions, I introduce a different method based on the performance practices of participants in the poetic tradition. The strength hierarchy is then used to offer constituency trees for the metrical forms and classify them. The structures identified for metrical forms are different from those suggested in previous accounts of Persian metres, in that they allow incomplete constituents at the left edges of metres. Building upon this general framework, a set of constraints chiefly based on well-known universal rhythmic tendencies is introduced and the Persian metre inventory is accounted for as emerging from the interaction of these constraints.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"795 - 829"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47582028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clause type vs speech act: Knowledge confirmation questions in Basque","authors":"Aitor Lizardi Ituarte","doi":"10.1017/s0022226722000469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022226722000469","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes Knowledge Confirmation Questions (KCQ) in Basque, an instance of non-canonical questions that has not been analyzed yet. KCQs display three characteristic elements, namely, (i) a declarative-type syntax, (ii) an interrogative-like intonation, and (iii) the discourse particle ba; and are interpreted as follows: “Do you know that p?”. Here, I propose that the meaning contribution of KCQs derives from the interaction of these three elements. More precisely, I argue that their question-like intonation, which adds interrogative interpretation, takes scope over ba, which regulates the addressee’s Doxastic State and undergoes context shift. Basque KCQs constitute an interesting case study, because they raise some interesting questions on the syntactization of discourse and the properties of discourse particles, as they seem to contradict the assumption that discourse particles do not fall under the scope of sentential operators.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45300518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clause types, intonation and stranded embedded clauses","authors":"Duk‐Ho An","doi":"10.1017/s0022226722000470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022226722000470","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I examine the properties of a construction in Korean speech that has not received much attention in the literature. I refer to the construction in question as the ‘stranded embedded clause’ (SEC). SECs are a special type of echoed utterance, where an utterance in the form of an embedded clause is repeated for various reasons. The characteristic properties of the SEC involve the fact that there can be a mismatch between the type of the clause indicated by the clause type marker that they contain and the actual illocutionary force of the utterance that is indicated by its prosody. The complementizer is also obligatory, despite the fact that no matrix clause element shows up—hence, the name stranded embedded clause. I propose a deletion-based analysis of SECs, where they start out as a full-fledged embedded clause in a complex sentence and undergo movement, followed by deletion of the rest of the clause. It should be noted that this is essentially how fragment answers (and some other ellipsis constructions) have been analysed in the literature. Indeed, I show that there is a parallelism between SECs and fragment answers, which I argue provides support for the deletion-based approach to the former.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56707652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formalising phonological perception: The role of voicing assimilation in consonant cluster perception in Emilian dialects","authors":"E. Cavirani, S. Hamann","doi":"10.1017/s0022226722000457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022226722000457","url":null,"abstract":"Speech perception is influenced by language-specific phonological knowledge. While phonotactics has long been established to play a role, the study of how phonological alternations influence perception is still in its infancy. In this paper, we make a case for the latter by investigating the role of regressive voicing assimilation (RVA) in the perception of obstruent clusters in Emilian dialects of Italian. We provide empirical evidence from a phoneme-detection task, in which Emilian listeners reported to have heard [b] significantly more often in stimuli with a /p/ before a voiced obstruent (RVA context) than before a vowel (non-RVA context). Our experimental findings add to recent work on the influence of phonology on speech perception. In addition, we provide an explicit formalisation, which bolsters the need for a rigid distinction between phonetic, surface and underlying representation, and an explicit mapping between all three, both in the process of speech production and comprehension.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49017216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onset conspiracy in Upper Sorbian","authors":"J. Rubach","doi":"10.1017/S0022226722000421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226722000421","url":null,"abstract":"This article has two goals: descriptive and theoretical. On the descriptive side, the article presents a grammar of gliding and epenthesis of Upper Sorbian. The descriptive goal is worthy because Upper Sorbian has a highly complex but regular and productive system of gliding and epenthesis. Upper Sorbian stands out from a typological point of view because it has ten [sic] different strategies to satisfy Onset. On the theoretical side, the question is whether Optimality Theory that has been designed to solve conspiracies can deal with the complexities of Upper Sorbian. The answer is that it cannot unless it is modified to admit derivational levels. A point of interest is that level 1 in Upper Sorbian must be defined as the root level, not as the expected stem level that includes roots and affixes. Further, it is demonstrated that Itô and Mester’s Crisp Edge constraint makes wrong predictions for Upper Sorbian, so a new constraint, Multi, is postulated. Also, the analysis bears on the issue of positional markedness versus positional faithfulness and the question of whether Duke of York derivations should be admitted in phonology.","PeriodicalId":47027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"531 - 575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47554440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}