AHFE international最新文献

{"title":"Measuring the Impact of Picture-Based Explanations on the Acceptance of an AI System for Classifying Laundry","authors":"Nico Rabethge, Dominik Bentler","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004181","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have increasingly been employed in various industries, including the laundry sector, e.g., to assist the employees sorting the laundry. This study aims to investigate the influence of image-based explanations on the acceptance of an AI system, by using CNNs that were trained to classify color and type of laundry items, with the explanations being generated through Deep Taylor Decomposition, a popular Explainable AI technique. We specifically examined how providing reasonable and unreasonable visual explanations affected the confidence levels of participating employees from laundries in their respective decisions. 32 participants were recruited from a diverse range of laundries, age, experience in this sector and prior experience with AI technologies and were invited to take part in this study. Each participant was presented with a set of 20 laundry classifications made by the AI system. They were then asked to indicate whether the accompanying image-based explanation strengthened or weakened their confidence in each decision. A five-level Likert scale was utilized to measure the impact, ranging from 1 (strongly weakens confidence) to 5 (strongly strengthens confidence). By providing visual cues and contextual information, the explanations are expected to enhance participants' understanding of the AI system's decision-making process. Consequently, we hypothesize that the image-based explanations will strengthen participants' confidence in the AI system's classifications, leading to increased acceptance and trust in its capabilities. The analysis of the results indicated significant main effects for both the quality of explanation and neural network certainties variables. Moreover, the interaction between explanation quality and neural network certainties also demonstrated a notable level of significance.The outcomes of this study hold substantial implications for the integration of AI systems within the laundry industry and other related domains. By identifying the influence of image-based explanations on acceptance, organizations can refine their AI implementations, ensuring effective utilization and positive user experiences. By fostering a better understanding of how image-based explanations influence AI acceptance, this study contributes to the ongoing development and improvement of AI systems across industries. Ultimately, this research seeks to pave the way for enhanced human-AI collaboration and more widespread adoption of AI technologies. Future research in this area could explore alternative forms of visual explanations, to further examine their impact on user acceptance and confidence in AI systems.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating Narratives of Young Wheelchair Users: Lived Experience Insights for Framing Child-Centred Inclusive Mobility Design","authors":"Cara Shaw, Farnaz Nickpour","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004285","url":null,"abstract":"Lived experiences and individual interpretations of reality can be effectively communicated through narratives. As such, capturing and understanding narratives can be considered of critical importance in human-centred design, as they form the essence and perspective a design is built upon and are thus essentially embedded into the designed outcome. The role of narratives in design becomes particularly critical when designing with or for end-users whose narratives tend to differ from mainstream dominant societal or disciplinary narratives due to differences in lived experiences. In order to empower such communities and ensure designed entities can be meaningful and desirable as well as usable for them, it is important to proactively uncover, interrogate and incorporate a diversity and plurality of end-user narratives into the design process. This study demonstrates how this could be applied in the field of Inclusive Paediatric Mobility (IPM) Design, by setting out to uncover and interrogate the narratives of nine young wheelchair users aged 4-18 years. In-depth narrative interviews are conducted and analysed to unveil five high-level narrative themes including: Independence, Freedom and Choice Beyond Mobility; Social Inclusion and Support Networks; Identity, Customisation and Self-Expression; Accessibility and Adaptations; and Resilience and Determination. An interpretive phenomenological analysis is then conducted to identify archetypal dominant, counter and alternative narratives that exist around each theme. The study elucidates the complexity, duality and dynamicity of end-user narratives and highlights how wheelchairs can act as a vessel for narratives which transcend the primary concept of mobility, encompassing a deeper sense of identity and selfhood, enriched with values, feelings, and opinions related to various areas of life. As well as offering insights into the lived experiences of young wheelchair users, the narratives identified through this study could be adopted in practice by inclusive mobility designers, stakeholders and policymakers to inform sense-making and opportunity framing processes, to ultimately create more meaningful child-centred healthtech solutions and empower young wheelchair users.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sample-based method of 3D reconstruction for plant leaf from single image or multiple images","authors":"Wang Jianlun, Deng Huangtianci, Su Rina, Can He, Han Yu, He Jianlei, Hu Baoyue, Chen Husheng, Huang Sheng, Xiao Sirong, Cao Jinduo","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004195","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural operations require simple, efficient and robust measurement method of three dimensional forms for the plant organs such as leaves to analyse other kinds of phenotype in detail on this basis. However, most of the existing sample-based methods reconstruct three dimensional shapes of the images for the objects of smooth surface and homogeneous materials, such as plastics, paints, ceramics, and metals, etc., rather than for the natural objects of convex-concave surfaces and varying albedo materials under the arbitrary natural lights. In this paper, it was found that the methods based on the prior model with photometric stereo superposed BRDF proposed can accurately realize the 3D modelling for plant leaf image and may reduce the cumulative error. With the differential gradient constraint and integral gradient constraint proposed, the unique solution for the normal vectors of all micro panels of the pixel projection on the leaf surface was matched by the first-order central difference equation and the iterations, and this process solved the ill-posed problem of BRDF. The experiment results showed that the average error between the height reconstructed results and the measured results of the real leaves’ height was 15% and the attenuation error was reduced by our method.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usability of Booking a Flight Ticket Using Airline Applications on Smartphones","authors":"Emiri Otsuka, Namgyu Kang","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004245","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, using online has emerged as the predominant method to book an airline ticket. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a surge in the popularity of small-group travel in Japan, leading to an increasing number of smartphone users booking tickets. Consequently, the user-friendliness of airline applications profoundly impacts users' willingness to make purchases. This study aimed to visualize challenges and areas for improvement in airline ticket reservations focused on Japan Airlines and Thai Airways. Therefore, experimental investigations were conducted using these smartphone applications of two airlines. The experiments involved five participants who were tasked with navigating through the entire reservation process using the applications of the respective airlines. Subsequently, we gathered participants' impressions regarding their experience of booking a flight ticket with the retrospective protocol analysis as a qualitative method. The flow of the reservation process was primarily categorized into the following five segments: location selection, date selection, flight selection, and personal information input.The results from the experiment underscore the essential attributes of a user-friendly application for booking a flight ticket. These attributes include optimizing the presentation of information, effectively categorizing data, strategically placing buttons to minimize errors, and ensuring a consistent navigational experience. This study's outcomes highlight that enhancing the usability of applications requires deliberate attention to these factors. In conclusion, this study addresses the pressing concern of designing intuitive and user-friendly airline applications for booking a flight ticket. This study also effectively categorizes the reservation process into key stages by focusing on the applications of Japan Airlines and Thai Airways. This comprehensive analysis accentuates the importance of design considerations in promoting user satisfaction, enabling airlines to cater to the growing trend of online reservations and offer users a seamless experience for booking a flight ticket.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensor-based Data Acquisition via Ubiquitous Device to Detect Muscle Strength Training Activities","authors":"Elizabeth Wianto, Hapnes Toba, Chien-Hsu Chen, Maya Malinda","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004213","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining a high quality of life through physical activities (PA) to prevent health decline is crucial. However, the relationship between individuals' health status, PA preferences, and motion factors is complex. PA discussions consistently show a positive correlation with healthy aging experiences, but no explicit relation to specific types of musculoskeletal exercises. Taking advantage of the increasingly widespread existence of smartphones, especially in Indonesia, this research utilizes embedded sensors for Human Activity Recognition (HAR). Based on 25 participants' data, performing nine types of selected motion, this study has successfully identified important sensor attributes that play important roles in the right and left hands for muscle strength motions as the basis for developing machine learning models with the LSTM algorithm.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Through the Architectural Model: Creativity-inspired Design for Rural Children From the Perspective of Design Anthropology","authors":"Wenqi Shangguan, Duoduo Zhang","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004240","url":null,"abstract":"Children's creative growth in rural areas has enormous potential for village development. The main challenges to implementing creativity-inspiring programs for rural children include the children's cognitive development being behind, the lack of teaching resources, and the constrained nature of the curriculum. This study examines the \"daily creativity\" of rural people from the early stage of design anthropology, using Baishuidong Village, Longhui County, Hunan Province as the backdrop for Hunan University's Design Rural Revitalisation Project. The study discovered a close interaction between humans and material instruments, as well as how \"materiality\" characterizes the daily inventiveness of rural dwellers. Building models are used by the local community as metaphorical \"in-between objects\" for the transmission of abstract empirical knowledge while teaching construction skills. This served as our inspiration for creating the \"Architects of Huayao\" children's inspirational teaching toolkit. Using modular building blocks to impart knowledge of regional architecture, we enhanced the previous teaching toolkit by holding four workshops with 30 third-graders at Baishuidong Primary School. Rural children are given context for their daily lives as well as historical and cultural contexts through the local architecture on the one hand and are encouraged to create through building blocks on the other. This encourages the development of design thinking and innovative thinking in children as well as the creativity of rural children. Rural children's creativity in classroom activities can be efficiently stimulated by the teaching method of using physical models in a cultural setting. Participants in the project, including local kids, teachers, and other volunteers, gave it favorable reviews.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations for Cabin Design in Urban Air Mobility's Personal Air Vehicles with a Focus on User Experience","authors":"Ju Yeong Kwon, Seok Jun Jin, Da young Ju","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004261","url":null,"abstract":"Urban Air Mobility (UAM) era is predicted to arrive, with the commercialization of Personal Air Vehicle (PAV) expected by 2025. The cabin design direction of traditional aircraft and PAV differs significantly, and considering the perspective of a new space that users have not previously experienced, it is necessary to understand user perceptions in order to provide an environment that ensures satisfaction, comfort, and stability. Furthermore, while the cockpit in traditional aircraft is separated and disconnected, PAV may have direct interaction points between pilots and passengers, necessitating consideration of social factors related to pilot-passenger interaction. The purpose of this study is to identify the physical and social servicescape factors in PAV cabins that may influence the experiences of passengers and pilots. According to the survey results, both pilots and passengers rated the \"Safety in Emergencies\" element as the most important. It takes into account the confined interior of the cabin, examining environmental factors that impact not only passengers but also pilots, thus providing a holistic understanding and presentation of the overall aspects.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-expert Cooperative Development of Painting-themed Tourist Souvenirs Based on ICCO Model","authors":"Li Ou-yang, Jie Ling","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004241","url":null,"abstract":"The museum's painting collection has gradually become a vital reference resource for developing souvenirs. This study adopts ICCO theoretical framework and studies 534 kinds of souvenirs from the official Taobao flagship store of the Forbidden City according to the ideas of import, classi-fication, comparison, and export. Adopt = Houyi collector to collect data, EXCEL to sort out data, and organize several experts to analyze painting types, techniques, and crafts. As a result, tourists' favorite painting is \"A Thousand Miles of Mountains and Rivers,\" and their favorite souvenirs are delicate flower-and-bird paintings and souvenirs of multi-expert cooperation are the main ones. Best-selling goods can be divided into auspicious meanings, festivals, and life scenes. Most products with large total sales volume are priced below 300 yuan. The products most accepted by consumers are souvenirs (50 yuan), bags (100 yuan), cups (200 yuan), silk scarves (250 yuan), and lamps (300 yuan). To sum up, the collaborative design method of many experts can provide more possibilities for the design of tourist souvenirs with flower-and-bird painting as the theme, and more different souvenirs can be developed according to the styles and preferences of different users.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Human-Centered Approach to Artificial Intelligence Applications in Naval Aviation","authors":"Mitchell Tindall, Beth Atkinson, Jordan Sanders, Sarah Beadle, James Pharmer","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004216","url":null,"abstract":"The doubling of artificial intelligence (AI) performance every six months (Sevilla et al., 2022) during the last decade necessitates that the application of these capabilities in high stakes settings not be done arbitrarily. Defining a structured, human-centered process increases the likelihood that the application of AI is done safely, effectively, and efficiently. Such a process, which considers both AI and automation, should start by identifying clear definitions to guide categorization of capabilities. A recent literature review identified 28 definitions for AI (Collins et al., 2021), to include AI being “…the ability of a machine to perform cognitive functions…problem solving, [and] decision-making.” Due to their complexity, investments in developing models can reach the millions (Maslej et al., 2023). Alternatively, automation can be defined as “…something which runs itself with little to no human interaction…” and guided by specific rules (GeeksforGeeks, 2022). Unique to AI is the ability to learn and evolve (GeeksforGeeks, 2022). With these definitions, the next step should focus on a comprehensive review of targeted domain tasks. This would include understanding the associated knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs), as well as the tasks’ criticality, frequency, and difficulty. Such information is generally a product of (cognitive) task analysis and/or front end analysis and is valuable when building criteria for the appropriateness of AI/automation. A recommended next step should include reengagement with experienced end-users, which is imperative for ensuring a comprehensive understanding of tasks and for yielding valuable insight into AI applications. This poster will provide an overview of the steps undertaken for initial consideration of AI and automation within a Navy domain, to include exclusion criteria and lessons learned with regard to applying this process. Finally, results will include estimated applicability of AI/automation technologies as related to current tasking in relevant aviation platforms.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Multi-User Dungeons for Ethical AI Decision Support Systems: A Novel Approach","authors":"Daniel Pittman, Kerstin Haring, Chris Gauthierdickey","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004180","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the innovative use of Multi-User Dungeons (MUDs) as a testbed for exploring and refining Artificial Intelligence (AI) ethics in decision support systems. MUDs are interactive, text-based virtual environments and offer a unique platform for studying AI behavior in a controlled yet complex environment. Our approach involves a combination of machine learning and natural language processing techniques to implement AI as a decision support system, and designs scenarios that challenge players with ethical quandaries and dilemmas. The effectiveness and ethical decision-making of players, the AI, and both together as a team are evaluated through a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. The approaches detailed in this research aim to contribute to the broader discourse on AI ethics, stimulate a discussion on how to provide empirical evidence of AI decision-making's impact on human behavior in MUDs, and informing the design of ethically responsible AI systems in other domains.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}