Journal of Community Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of biobank awareness among medical students in Iran.","authors":"Jan Domaradzki, Reza Jahanshahi, Marcin Piotr Walkowiak, Dariusz Walkowiak","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00769-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12687-025-00769-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the rise of research biobanks in the Middle East, they continue to struggle with the limited number of donors. Although qualified healthcare professionals may address it, the awareness of biobanks among future physicians is low. This paper assesses the attitudes towards research biobanks among Iranian medical students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>459 medical students completed an anonymous self-administered online questionnaire regarding the knowledge and attitudes of future physicians towards biobanking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study demonstrates that almost half of the students had not heard about biobanks, and one-third had mixed feelings about biobank research. The majority declared a willingness to share their biological material for biobank research and declared altruistic motivation. Students' willingness to donate was influenced by the type of tissues, the purpose of biobank research and trust in biobanks, which influenced their preference for a study-specific consent model. Students expressed concern over biospecimens' unethical or commercial use and data safety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research shows that promoting knowledge about biobank-based research among future physicians in Iran is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"183-193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomics as part of Portuguese undergraduate nursing programs: are we moving in the right direction?","authors":"Maria João Silva, Maria do Céu Barbieri-Figueiredo, Marcia Van Riper, Milena Paneque","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00787-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00787-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of genomics into nursing education has been a growing focus in recent years, as the role of genomics in healthcare continues to expand. Although the fundamental role of nurses in integrating genomic information into patient care is well-documented in the literature, studies have consistently highlighted significant gaps in nurses' understanding of these topics, impacting their ability to provide comprehensive care. This study aims to explore how genomic knowledge is taught in Portuguese undergraduate nursing education at a national level. A deductive content analysis was performed on explicit genomic content in each course specification within the nursing programs. A total of 478 course descriptions from 12 nursing programs were analyzed. Of these, only 25 courses (5.2%) explicitly referenced genomic content. Results reveal significant variability across programs, with some covering a considerable number of genetic topics, while others showed minimal or no coverage of genomic topics. Results also show that topics related to basic molecular biology and fundamental genetic principles tend to be more emphasized in nursing curricula compared to those focused on psychosocial aspects or patient-centered care. This inconsistency highlights the lack of a standardized approach to integrating genomics into nursing education. These findings suggest that the current approach to Portuguese nursing education is insufficient for preparing nurses to effectively address genomic issues in patient care and research. This research argues for a more systematic, early, and consistent integration of genomics across all nursing programs to ensure that future nurses are well-equipped to meet the challenges of modern healthcare, ultimately improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of supplementing traditional risk information with polygenic risk score concerning type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease on health behavior: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Otto Halmesvaara, Marleena Lonna, Helena Kääriäinen, Markus Perola, Kati Kristiansson, Hanna Konttinen","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00790-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00790-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for different diseases are expected to become more widely available to the public in the coming decades. In addition to the investigation of the clinical relevance of polygenic risk scores, an assessment of the health behavioral impact is needed. The present study used data from a personalized medicine project that combined genomic and traditional health data to evaluate respondents' risk for common diseases. Specifically, we investigated if supplementing traditional risk estimates of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease with PRS influenced respondents' self-reported physical activity, alcohol consumption, fruit/vegetable consumption or prompted the respondents to seek medical treatment/examination. As an exploratory hypothesis, we also tested if there was an interaction between the disease risk level and the experimental/control group for any of the outcomes. A randomized controlled trial was conducted, where the experimental group (n = 216 for seeking treatment and 523-459 for other outcomes) received risk estimates based on traditional risk and PRS, and the control group (n = 216 and 526-498) based solely on traditional risk factors. On average, approximately 80 days elapsed between the risk disclosure and outcome measurements. We found no significant difference between the groups regarding health behavior (ps > .28, ds < 0.07) or likelihood of seeking medical treatment/examination (p = .86, OR = 1.06). Likewise, no significant interactions were detected (ps > .08, ds < .11, ORs < 1.2). We conclude that we did not find support for either a beneficial or detrimental effect of supplementing traditional risk estimates with PRSs. However, several limitations should be noted when generalizing the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stigmatisation experiences in families with hereditary conditions: an exploratory study.","authors":"Joana Oliveira, Álvaro Mendes, Milena Paneque","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00784-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00784-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary conditions can pose several challenges to the individual and their family members. In addition to the symptoms of the condition itself, stigmatisation is often described by those who live with hereditary conditions as a major challenge. This study explores the stigmatisation experiences of people with inherited conditions and their families in Portugal. Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals affected with a hereditary condition, asymptomatic carriers and family members, recruited through patient support organizations and social media. The data were analysed through inductive content analysis, resulting in three major categories: (i) stigmatisation contexts; (ii) psychosocial impacts; and (iii) coping strategies to deal with the stigma. The findings suggest the perception of stigma in family and social life, including specific contexts and systems such as academic, work, health care, social security and insurance. The stigma is associated with embarrassment, sadness, and frustration at the personal level, and with social impacts such as isolation, interpersonal distance, and avoidance of relationships. Participants often resort to providing explanations about their condition and to social isolation as a coping strategy for dealing with stigma. This study provides insights that reinforce the continuous need to raise awareness about hereditary conditions at a societal level and their associated impacts, to provide specific training for healthcare professionals on the potential stigma attached to inherited conditions, and to implement national strategies to reduce stigmatisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying characteristics associated with genetic testing in the NICU.","authors":"Madison Rumsey, Sabrina Malone-Jenkins, Rachel Palmquist, Michael P Torre, Mallory R Sdano, Amy Baca, Con Yee Ling, Laila Andoni","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00780-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00780-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic testing is an integral part of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) care. There are reported disparities in both NICU care and genetic testing related to race and language spoken. Identifying characteristics associated with genetic testing in NICUs could help detect patients who may benefit from genetic testing, as well as any current disparities. We sought to analyze characteristics of NICU admits who had genetic testing in general and specific test categories. Characteristics were requested from the Children's Hospital Neonatal Consortium database for patients admitted to Primary Children's Hospital's NICU in 2022. Statistical analysis was performed to determine if characteristics were more likely to result in genetic testing and if differences between those with genetic testing and those without were significant. All genetic test types were more likely ordered with genetic consultations. Cytogenetic testing was more likely in patients with a cardiology consult or who were Spanish-speaking. Patients who were of Hispanic origin were more likely to have molecular testing ordered. The average number of specialty consults for a patient was higher for those with genetic testing. Premature and low birthweight infants had longer time to genetic test ordering. No disparities were identified, which could be due to a small, homogenous sample. The differences with Spanish-speaking patients and those with mothers of Hispanic origin could be due to many factors, including consenting practices. It may be difficult to identify infants who might need genetic testing when they are low birthweight and/or premature. It is important to continue monitoring for differences in ordering practice for this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a questionnaire to explore lay people's preferences for communicating hereditary conditions within families: insights from a cognitive interview study.","authors":"Lea Godino, Linda Battistuzzi, Liliana Varesco, Daniela Turchetti, Vanessa Gentili, Paolo Chiari, Alvisa Palese","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00783-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00783-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive interviews are a valuable qualitative method for developing and refining survey instruments, particularly on complex topics such as genetic health. They help address misunderstandings between intended meanings and respondent interpretations, enhancing data validity and ensuring comprehensibility. This study aimed to refine a questionnaire exploring the attitudes and preferences of the Italian general population regarding the communication of potential hereditary conditions within families. Through iterative testing, issues related to questionnaire instructions, question wording, and the sensitive nature of the topics were identified and addressed. Most concerns emerged in the first round of cognitive interviews, while the second round only required minor refinements. The qualitative analysis identified four key themes reflecting participants' challenges in understanding genetic information: (1) difficulties with genetic terminology, including gene names and scientific jargon, which induced anxiety and hindered comprehension; (2) ambiguities surrounding the terms \"genetic testing\" and \"family,\" with confusion about the nature of genetic testing and the scope of \"family\" in genetic contexts; (3) misinterpretations of \"genetic risk\" as an existing disease diagnosis rather than a probabilistic concept, leading to misunderstandings about the implications of genetic predisposition; and (4) conflation of \"authorization\" and \"responsibility\" in genetic communication, further complicated by uncertainty regarding privacy and confidentiality. Findings from this study informed targeted modifications to the questionnaire to enhance its clarity and accessibility. Our study highlights the importance of cognitive interviewing in refining survey tools on genetic communication, ensuring that such instruments effectively capture public perceptions and facilitate informed decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Hope at a better chance\": perspectives on genetic counseling and testing among black individuals with prostate cancer.","authors":"Breanne Prindeville, Brittany M Szymaniak, Samantha E Greenberg, Adam B Murphy, Ashley E Ross, Debra Duquette","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00785-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00785-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black individuals have the highest prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality rates of any racial or ethnic group. Racial disparities persist in the understanding and uptake of genetics services, while the perspectives of Black individuals with PCa regarding genetic counseling and germline genetic testing for inherited cancer risk (GC/GT) remains understudied. This qualitative study explored attitudes, facilitators, and barriers to awareness, interest, and uptake of GC/GT among Black individuals with PCa. Eight individuals who self-identified as African American and/or Black with a personal history of PCa participated in individual telephone interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview transcripts were analyzed using both an inductive and deductive coding approach, constant comparison, and selective coding. Five major themes were identified: (1) uncertainty surrounding personal relevance of GC/GT, (2) family influence and impact of GC/GT, (3) healthcare providers and institutions as gatekeepers of GC/GT, (4) community identity, influence, and impact of GC/GT, and (5) systemic barriers to GC/GT exemplify larger structural constraints. A key finding was the influence of community, a collective identity among Black individuals and a desire to benefit the Black community, in motivating research participation and pursuit of GC/GT to lessen racial disparities in PCa. Individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and structural factors are both barriers and facilitators to awareness, interest, and uptake of GC/GT. Multilevel interventions such as communicating personal, familial, and community implications of GC/GT, improving patient-provider relationships and genetics education, and addressing systemic barriers are necessary to increase efficacy, utility, and equity in GC/GT.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study to evaluate the preparedness of community paediatricians for genomic medicine in England - ready for take-off?","authors":"Sophie Marlowe, Melissa Hill, Michelle Peter, Celine Lewis","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00781-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00781-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genomic medicine (GM) was mainstreamed across the National Health Service (NHS) in England in 2018. Non-genetics healthcare professionals can now incorporate genomic testing including whole genome sequencing (WGS) into their clinical practice. This study was conducted to evaluate the preparedness of community paediatricians (CPs) for GM. Semi-structured interviews, using a topic guide informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, were conducted with 17 CPs working in the NHS to explore issues related to preparedness and confidence. Data were analysed using thematic template analysis. The codebook included both inductive and deductive codes informed by the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Behaviour model (COM-B), an implementation theory to explain behaviour change. The majority of participants perceived a net benefit from GM in terms of improving clinical management and information provision for patients and families and were receptive to using GM in their clinical practice. However, there was wide variation across trusts in CP preparedness for genomic medicine for reasons including lack of time and resources, notably workforce support. Many also lacked confidence in the skills required to deliver GM, and did not see GM as a priority. Most participants felt that they had access to GM education, but the main challenge was finding the time to engage with it. Strategies related to fiscal measures, enablement, training and education could help to address these early obstacles. Our findings may be relevant to clinicians in other non-genetic specialties integrating GM into their clinical practice not only in the UK NHS but more globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trusted partners, community priorities, and data protections: requirements for precision medicine research with Alaska Native peoples.","authors":"R Brian Woodbury, Julie A Beans, Vanessa Y Hiratsuka","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00779-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00779-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision medicine holds promise for improving health care by tailoring disease treatment and prevention efforts to the needs of individual patients. It also raises ethical questions related to equitable distribution of the benefits of precision medicine; data management, including the terms of data ownership, sharing, and security; and, the nature and extent of community engagement in and oversight of research. These questions are particularly salient for minoritized communities that have been harmed by unethical research practices and often deprived the full benefit of advances in medical science. Understanding the perspectives of these communities is essential to the design and conduct of ethical and effective precision medicine research. This study explored perspectives on the acceptability, feasibility, value, and benefits and harms of precision medicine research among Alaska Native and American Indian (ANAI) peoples. We conducted four focus groups with ANAI individuals who receive primary care from a Tribal health organization in Anchorage, Alaska. Participants were willing to engage in precision medicine research provided specific requirements were met. Research must be conducted by the Tribal health organization or another trusted partner, community health priorities must drive the research agenda, and researchers must employ robust data protections to guard against loss of data security and maintain control over data use and access. These requirements work collectively to ensure research benefits and respects Tribal sovereignty. These findings could help inform efforts to design and implement precision medicine research programs tailored to concerns of ANAI peoples.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of stigmatization and its impacts among individuals living with hereditary diseases and family members in Portugal: an exploratory study.","authors":"Joana Valentim, Milena Paneque, Álvaro Mendes","doi":"10.1007/s12687-025-00782-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-025-00782-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stigma is defined as the perception of an undesirable attribute that leads to discrimination against individuals and groups. Stigmatisation is often triggered due to visible physical or cognitive differences. Although the literature consistently highlights the (fear of) stigmatisation as a significant concern among individuals living with hereditary conditions, no studies in Portugal have specifically provided evidence on this issue. This study aims to address this gap by examining the experiences and impact of stigma on individuals and families affected by hereditary diseases in Portugal. After receiving ethics approval, a total of 216 participants, including affected individuals, asymptomatic carriers and family members from families with a range of hereditary conditions, were recruited through patient support associations. Participants completed an online questionnaire via Limesurvey. Data were analysed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), median comparison tests, and thematic analysis. Of the participants, 78.7% were women, 55.6% had a university degree, and 20.4% were aged between 42 and 47 years. Findings indicate that stigma impacts individuals across various domains, including social interactions, institutional settings, the workplace, and healthcare. EFA identified a bi-factorial model of stigma, comprising Stigma Experiences and Perceived Support subscales, and the overall scale demonstrated high internal consistency (α = .879). Women and younger participants reported higher levels of stigma. Religiosity and humor emerged as key coping strategies. This study is the first in Portugal to assess stigma among individuals living with hereditary conditions. Our findings contributed to validating a measurement instrument, identified sociodemographic variations, and examined the psychosocial dimensions of stigma among affected patients. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive strategies to address and mitigate stigma, improve support systems, and enhance the well-being and healthcare experiences of individuals and families impacted by hereditary diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":46965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}